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Nurs 128 > Test 1 OB > Flashcards

Test 1 OB Flashcards

OB

1
Q

What are 1st trimester discomforts?

A

Urinary frequency
Fatigue
Nausea/Vomiting
Breast Tenderness
Constipation
Nasal Stuffiness/epistaxis
Bleeding/swollen gums
Cravings
Leukorrhea

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2
Q

What are 2nd trimester discomforts?

A

Backache
Leg cramps
Varicosities of Vulva and legs
Hemorrhoids
Flatulence and bloating

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3
Q

What are 3rd trimester discomforts?

A

Shortness of breath
Heartburn& Indigestion
Edema
Braxton Hicks
Fatigue
Urinary Incontinence
Leukorrhea
Constipation

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4
Q

How are the trimesters divided, by weeks?

A

1st: conception - 13 weeks
2nd: 13-27 weeks
3rd: 28-40 weeks

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5
Q

What is a zygote, and how many chromosomes does it have?

A

when the sperm and ovum meet

46 chromosomes

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6
Q

How many sperm are in a typical ejaculate, and how long do they live?

A

200-400 million
They are most active that first 24 hours, but can live for 24-72 hours

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7
Q

The placenta makes what 4 hormones?

A

Progesterone
Estriol (Estrogen)
hpL human placental Lactogen (reduces insulin sensitivity)
hCG human chorionic gonadotropin

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8
Q

Do maternal and infact circulations remain independent of each other?

A

Yes. They are separated by a thin membrane

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9
Q

What are the two layers of the sac around the baby?

A

The amnion and the chorion. The amnion is the innermost one, makes amniotic fluid, surrounds the baby.

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10
Q

What qualifies as oligohyddraminos? What does it signify?

A

< 300 ml - can mean renal problems

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11
Q

How much amniotic fluid is normal?
What is the pH of amniotic fluid?

A

Increases to 800/1200 mL
Normal pH is 7.6

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12
Q

What qualifies as polyhydraminos? What does it signify?

A

More than 2 L
GI malformations

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13
Q

L/S tests for what?

A

A ratio of more than 2:1. This means that your baby has mature lungs and is ready for life outside the uterus.

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14
Q

How fast does the blood flow in the umbilical cord? What is it made of? How long is it?

A

400 ml/min
One vein, two arteries, surrounded by Wharton’s jelly
30-90 cm long, 2 cm diameter

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15
Q

What happens to the embrionic yolk sac?

A

It becomes the GI tract

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16
Q

What are the presumptive signs of pregnancy?

A

Amenorrhea
N/V
Fatigue
Breast changes
Quickening
Urinary frequency
Thinning nails
+ Home pregnancy test

17
Q

What are the Probable signs of pregnany?

A

Serum pregnancy test
Goodell’s
Hegar’s
Chadwick’s
MacDonalds
Striae
Pigmentation

18
Q

What are the positive signs of pregnancy?

A

Fetal heartbeat
Visualization on ultrasound
Movements felt by examiner

19
Q

Progesterone causes what digestive effects?

A

Delayed gallbladder emptying
Delayed gastric emptying
Constipation
Absorption of drugs may be altered

20
Q

Does pregnancy displace the heart?

A

Yes

21
Q

How does pregnancy change respiration?

A

Slight hyperventilation
Increased tidal volume by 30-40%
Abdominal breathing

22
Q

What muskuloskeletal changes happen?

A

Lordosis
Stooped shoulders
Rectus abdominus in 3rd Trimester

23
Q

What remal changes happen?

A

GFR increases in 2nd trimester but returns to normal by term

24
Q

Why are thyroid hormones affected by pregnancy?

A

Estrogen causes hyperplasia of thyroid, increases parathyroid secretion

25
Q

Avererage weight gain for a pregnancy is what?

A

25-35 lbs

26
Q

What does GTPAL stand for?

A

gestation
term
preterm
abortion
living

27
Q

What gets assessed at every prenatal visit? What is the typical schedule for them?

A

VS
Fundal height
Weight
Once a month for 1-28 weeks
2x a month until 36 weeks
Every week till delivery

28
Q

What is the best way to determine gestational age?

A

Fetal Ultrasound

29
Q

When does quickening happen?

A

16-22 weeks

30
Q

When can you hear heartbeats on Doppler?

A

12-14 weeks

31
Q

What affects fetal movement?

A

Drugs, cigarettes, sound, time of day, glucose

32
Q

What is the Bradley method of childbirth?

A

Partner coached, emphasizing avoidance of interventions

33
Q

What is Naegles’ Rule?

A

To figure out birthdate, subtract 3 months, add seven days.

34
Q

Describe embryonic development week 3:

A

Beginning :brain, spinal cord, heart, limb buds, GI tract

Neural Tube forms

35
Q

Describe embryonic development week 4:

A

Brian differentiates
Bigger limb buds
Stomach, pancreas and liver begin to form

36
Q

Describe embryonic development week 5:

A

Heart now beats at a regular rhythm

Beginning structures of eyes and ears

Some cranial nerves are visible

Muscles innervated

37
Q

Describe embryonic development week 6:

A

Beginning formation of lungs

Fetal circulation established

Liver produces RBCs

Further development of the brain

Primitive skeleton forms

Central nervous system forms

Brain waves detectable

Nurs 128 (6 decks)

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