Test 1- Quiz Review Flashcards
(57 cards)
1) Which of the following is true regarding the major domains of development?
A) The domains of development are separate and distinct.
B) Each period of development is made up of a new set of domains.
C) The physical domain has little influence on the other domains.
D) Development is divided into three broad domains: physical, cognitive, and emotional and social.
D) Development is divided into three broad domains: physical, cognitive, and emotional and social.
The most consistent asset of resilient children is
a strong bond to a competent, caring adult.
All contemporary child development theories view children as
Active, purposeful beings
The psychoanalytic perspective emphasizes
The unique history of each child
According to behaviorism, ________ are the appropriate focus of psychological research.
Stimuli and responses
When John Watson taught Albert, an 11-month-old infant, to fear a neutral stimulus, a rat, by presenting it several times with a sharp, loud sound, Watson applied ________________ to children’s behavior.
Classical conditioning
Every time 10-month-old Rita eats a pea, her father claps and says, “Good girl!” In response to her father’s praise, Rita excitedly eats the remaining peas. Rita’s behavior is an example of
Operant conditioning
Which of the following is true about social learning theory?
A) It emphasizes modeling, also known as imitation or observational learning, as a powerful source of development.
B) It maintains that behaviorism offers little or no effective explanation of the development of children’s social behavior.
C) It is criticized because it places little emphasis on how children are influenced by the behavior of their parents and peers.
D) It emphasizes classical over operant conditioning and relies heavily on the precise concepts of psychoanalytic theory.
A) It emphasizes modeling, also known as imitation or observational learning, as a powerful source of development.
According to Jean Piaget’s cognitive-developmental theory,
children actively construct knowledge as they interact with their world.
Information-processing researchers often use ______________ to map the precise steps individuals use to solve problems and complete tasks.
Flowcharts
Observations of imprinting led to which of the following major concepts in child development?
The critical period
Which major theory focuses on emotional development?
Psychoanalytic Theory
Which theoretical perspective views children as developing within a complex system of relationships affected by multiple levels of the surrounding environment?
Ecological systems theory
Which of the following is true about the correlational design?
A) Researchers gather information on individuals, generally in natural life circumstances, and make no effort to alter their experiences.
B) Unlike the experimental design, it permits inferences of cause and effect.
C) Researchers use an evenhanded procedure to assign people to two or more treatment conditions.
D) In an experiment, the events and behaviors of interest are divided into independent and dependent variables.
A) Researchers gather information on individuals, generally in natural life circumstances, and make no effort to alter their experiences.
Which of the following research designs permits inferences about cause and effect? A) correlation coefficient B) experimental design C) correlational design D) case study
B) experimental design
In a _______________, participants are studied repeatedly, and changes are noted as they get older.
Longitudinal design
In individualistic societies, people
Are largely concerned with their own personal needs
Which of the following statements reflects a widely held opinion in the United States?
If you decide to have a baby, you should be ready to care for it.
Behavioral geneticists…
are still limited to investigating the impact of genes on complex characteristics indirectly.
The most rapid prenatal changes take place during the
Period of the embryo
The period of the zygote lasts
From fertilization to implantation
The harm done by teratogens
depends on dose, heredity, age, and other negative influences.
The effects of teratogens
May not show up for decades
Jenna’s physical growth is slow. She has short eyelid openings, a thin upper lip, a flattened philtrum, and three forms brain injury. Jenna’s mother probably ________ during pregnancy.
Drank heavily
