Test 1 Review Flashcards
(24 cards)
Name two of the qualities required to be considered alive.
All seven qualities required to be considered alive are: Order, Response to the Environment, Evolutionary Adaptation, regulation, energy processing, Growth and Development, Reproduction.
The four essential elements, C, O, N, and H make up how much of living organisms?
96% Oxygen 65 Carbon 18.5 Hydrogen 9.5 Nitrogen 3.3
What are the specific subatomic particles that participate in chemical reactions?:
Electron, Protons, and Neutrons.
What is the property of water that allows for aquatic life to survive during winter?
Water’s resistance to change temperature.
A substance with a pH of 9 is considered what?
Acid
What property of C allows it to branch and bond 4 times, making it highly diverse & useful?
Carbons Valence shell can accept 4 electrons or lose those four. Allowing it to bond with many different elements.
Hydrocarbons are not soluble in water because they have what type of bonds?
Hydrocarbons have a neutral charge keeping them from reacting with any other elements.
Which functional group is represented by “C=O” and is found in sugars?
Carbonyl
Name the four types of Macromolecules.
lipid, Carbohydrates, Protein, Nucleic Acid.
What is the polymer of a carbohydrate?
Polysaccharides
What type of chemical reaction is used during the breakdown of a polymer?
Hydrolysis
Monosaccharides with a carbonyl group of the end of the skeleton are called what?
Carbohydrates
Polysaccharides have two main functions. What are they?
Fuel Storage and Structural support
A fat consists of what two types of molecules?
Glycerol head and 3 Fatty acid tails
Which type of fat is not good to have too much in the diet?
Saturated Fats
Which region of a phospholipid is hydrophobic? Be specific.
The fatty acid tail
How many carbohydrates does it take to have the amount of energy in 1 g of fat?
2g
What is the monomer of a protein?
Amino Acids
The function of a protein depends on what?
Function depends on arrangement
Name two things that can denature a protein
salinity and temperature
Nucleotides are made up of what 3 parts.
5-Carbon Sugars, Nitrogenous Base, and Phosphate group.
What sugar is found in the nucleic acid RNA?
Ribose
During DNA replication what nucleotide always bonds with Adenine?
Uracil
What is the name of the female scientist whose work was used by Watson and Crick to create the double helix model.
Rosalind Franklin
