Test 1: Sensory Screen and Evaluation Flashcards
(42 cards)
describe how a sensory pathway works
sensory info enters SC through dorsal roots
carried to higher pathways via ascending pathways
interprets sensation within primary somatosensory cortex
2 main afferent sensory pathways
anterolateral spinothalamic pathway
-nondiscriminitive/crude touch/pain/temp
-more primitive
dorsal column medial lemniscus (DCML)
-precise location/discriminative touch
the anterolateral spinothalamic pathway recieves signals from what
mechanoreceptors
nociceptors
thermoreceptors
what fibers relay info from the anterolateral spinothalamic path
C fibers (peripheral n)
small unmyelinated
3 tracts for the anterolateral spinothalamic tract
anterior spinothalamic = crudely localized, light touch, pressure
lateral spinothalamic tract = pain and temp
spinoreticular = deep/diffuse/chronic pain
DCML is primary sensation for
discriminitive touch
combined cortical sensations (stereogenesis, tactile pressure, barogenesis, texture, kinesthesia, etc)
DCML receives signals from
specialized mechanoreceptors
fine graduations of intensity and precise location on a body surface
fibers involved with the DCML
A beta and A delta
large myelinated
rapid conduction
what type of info is perceived in the somatosensory cortex cortical areas
location
shape
texture
size
describe sensory receptors
nerve endings located at distal ends of afferent n fiber
specific/sensitive to type of stimulus they are designed for
tactile sensations recieved when specific receptors are stimulated
what are teh 3 divisions of sensory receptors
superficial
deep
combined (cortical) sensations
** also the 3 types of sensations**
what is superficial sensation/type of receptors
exteroreceptors recieve stimuli from environment via skin/subcutaneous tissue
responsible for perception of pain, temp, light touch, and pressure
what is deep sensation/type of receptors
proprioceptors recieve stimuli from muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, and fascia
responsible for sense and awareness of joints at rest, movement awareness, and vibration
what is combined cortical sensation/type of receptors
combo of superficial and deep
require info from exteroceptive and proprioceptive receptors as well as intact function of cortical sensory association areas
2 point discrimination, barognosis, graphesthesia, tactile localization, etc
what is a mechanoreceptor
respond to mechanical deformation fo receptor/surrounding area
what are thermoreceptors
respond to change in temp
what are nociceptors
respond to noxious stimuli and result in perception of pain
what are chemoreceptors
respond to chemical substances and are responsible for taste, smell, oxygen levels, etc
what are photic receptors
respond to light within the visible spectrum
what is a merkel’s disc
found abundantly in fingertips
responsible for 2 pt discrimination
what is a free nerve ending
found throughout body
sense pain, temp, touch, and pressure
what are the types of muscle receptors
muscle spindles
golgi tendon organs
free nerve ending
pacinian corpuscles
what do muscle spindle fibers do
monitor changes in muscle length and velocity of these changes
vital role in position and movement and in motor learning
types of joint receptors
golgi type endings
free nerve endings
ruffini endings
paciniform endings
