TEST 1 VOCABULARY

Question 1

stoppage of breathing or the lack of air reaching the lungs; synonym for suffocation

Answer 1

asphyxiation

Question 2

the deliberate spread of pathogenic organisms into a community to cause widespread illness, fear, and panic

Answer 2

bioterrorism

Question 3

the deliberate release of a chemical compound that has the potential for harming people’s health

Answer 3

chemical terrorism

Question 4

the use of high-tech means to disable or delete critical electronic infrastructure data or information

Answer 4

cyber terror

Question 5

an emergency event of greater magnitude that requires the response of people outside the involved community

Answer 5

disaster

Question 6

conducting connection between a source of electricity and the earth

Answer 6

ground

Question 7

domestic violence or battering between two people in a close relationship

Answer 7

intimate partner violence (IPV)

Question 8

intentional dispersal of radioactive materials into the environment for the purpose of causing injury and death

Answer 8

nuclear terrorism

Question 9

agency that handles poison exposure and provides poison prevention teaching to the general population

Answer 9

poison control center

Question 10

device used to limit movement or immobilize a client

Answer 10

restraint

Question 11

documentation describing any injury or potential for injury suffered by a patient in a health care agency

Answer 11

safety event report

Question 12

an unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury, or the risk thereof

Answer 12

sentinel event

Question 13

state of optimal functioning or well-being

Answer 13

Health

Question 14

to be given a license to practice nursing in a state or province after successfully meeting requirements

Answer 14

Licensure

Question 15

law established to regulate nursing practice

Answer 15

Nurse Practice Act

Question 16

profession that focuses on the holistic person receiving health care services and provides a unique contribution to the prevention of illness and maintenance of health

Answer 16

Nursing

Question 17

five-step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating

Answer 17

Nursing Process

Question 18

an occupation that meets specific criteria including a well-defined body of specific and unique knowledge, a code of ethics and standards, ongoing research, and autonomy

Answer 18

Profession

Question 19

process allowing a nurse to apply for and be endorsed as a registered nurse by another state

Answer 19

Reciprocity

Question 20

acceptable, expected level of performance established by authority, custom, or consent

Answer 20

Standards

Question 21

research designed to directly influence or improve clinical practice

Answer 21

Applied Research

Question 22

research designed to generate and refine theory; the findings are often not directly useful in practice

Answer 22

Basic Research

Question 23

abstract images (ideas) that are formed as impressions from the environment and organized into symbols of reality

Answer 23

Concept

Question 24

set of concepts, along with the statements that arrange the concepts into an understandable pattern

Answer 24

Conceptual Framework (Model)

Question 25

cognitive process in which one examines a general idea and then considers specific actions or ideas

Answer 25

Deductive Reasoning

Question 26

nursing care provided that is supported by sound scientific rationale

Answer 26

Evidence-Based Practice

Question 27

guidelines written by a panel of experts that synthesize information from multiple studies and recommend best practices to treat patients with a disease, a symptom, or a disability

Answer 27

Evidence-Based Practice Guideline

Question 28

cognitive process in which one identifies a specific idea or action and then makes conclusions about general ideas

Answer 28

Inductive Reasoning

Question 29

knowledgeable, voluntary permission obtained from a patient to perform a specific test or procedure

Answer 29

Informed Conset

Question 30

encompasses both research to improve the care of people in the clinical setting and to study people and the nursing profession, including education, policy development, ethics, and nursing history

Answer 30

Nursing Research

Question 31

differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities by serving the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices

Answer 31

Nursing Theory

Question 32

method of research conducted to gain insight by discovering meanings

Answer 32

Qualitative Research

Question 33

research involving the concepts of basic and applied research

Answer 33

Quantitative Research

Question 34

process that uses observable and verifiable information (data), collected in a systematic manner, to describe, explain, or predict events

Answer 34

Research

Question 35

a body of knowledge gained by observing, identifying, describing, investigating, and explaining events and occurrences that are perceived in the world

Answer 35

Science

Question 36

summarized findings from multiple studies of a specific clinical practice question or topic that recommend practice changes and future directions for research; one of the strongest sources of evidence for evidence-based practice

Answer 36

Systematic Review

Question 37

rapidly occurring illness that runs its course, allowing a person to return to one’s previous level of functioning

Answer 37

Acute Illness

Question 38

irreversible illness that causes permanent physical impairment and requires long-term health care

Answer 38

Chronic Illness

Question 39

pathologic change in the structure or function of the body or mind

Answer 39

Disease

Question 40

period in chronic illness when the symptoms of the disease reappear

Answer 40

Exacerbation

Question 41

state of optimal functioning or well-being

Answer 41

Health

Question 42

a specific difference that is closely linked to social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage

Answer 42

Health Disparity

Question 43

behavior of an individual motivated by a personal desire to increase well-being and health potential

Answer 43

Health Promotion

Question 44

health care that takes into account the whole person interacting in the environment

Answer 44

Holistic Care

Question 45

abnormal process in which any aspect of the person’s functioning is altered (in comparison to the previous condition of health)

Answer 45

Illness

Question 46

frequency that a disease occurs

Answer 46

Morbidity

Question 47

number of deaths

Answer 47

Mortality

Question 48

period in a chronic illness when the disease is present, but the person does not experience symptoms of the disease

Answer 48

Remission

Question 49

something that increases a person’s chance for illness or injury

Answer 49

Risk Factor

Question 50

a type of care provided for caregivers of homebound ill, disabled, or elderly patients

Answer 50

respite care

Question 51

a prepaid group practice that allows a third-party payer (such as an insurance company) to contract with a group of health care providers to administer services at a lower fee in return for prompt payment and a guaranteed volume of patients and services

Answer 51

preferred provider organization (PPO)

Question 52

a strategy using financial incentives to reward providers for achieving a range of payer objectives, including delivery efficiencies, submission of data and measures to the payer, and improved quality and patient safety

Answer 52

pay for performance

Question 53

2010 federal legislation designed for comprehensive health reform, with an intent to expand coverage, control health care costs, and improve the health care delivery system

Answer 53

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA)

Question 54

hospice care; taking care of the whole person—body, mind, spirit, heart and soul—with the goal of giving patients with life-threatening illnesses the best quality of life they can have through the aggressive management of symptoms

Answer 54

palliative care

Question 55

organization of physicians from different specialties joined to share income, expenses, facilities, equipment, and support staff; the group practice can better provide comprehensive care

Answer 55

multispecialty group practice

Question 56

a health care system in which care is paid for by both private insurance companies and the government

Answer 56

multipayer system

Question 57

Title XVIII (Social Security Act, 1965) to provide a measure of health coverage to all Social Security recipients

Answer 57

Medicare

Question 58

Title XIX (Social Security Act, 1965) to make health care available to those people with less than the minimum income who do not qualify for Medicare

Answer 58

Medicaid

Question 59

Prepaid, group-managed care plan that allows subscribers to receive all the medical services they require through a group of affiliated providers; there may be no additional out-of-pocket costs, or subscribers may pay only a small fee, called a copayment

Answer 59

health maintenance organization (HMO)

Question 60

federal and state system designed to help people more easily find health insurance that fits their budget and needs with a plan offering comprehensive coverage, from doctors to medications to hospital visits; insurance options can be compared based on price, benefits, quality, and other features described in plain language

Answer 60

Health Insurance Marketplace

Question 61

system in which a bill is generated and a fee is paid every time a provider does something for a patient

Answer 61

fee-for-service

Question 62

proposed legislation making changes in entitlement benefits, such as Medicare and Medicaid, paid by the government to citizens, with the goal of improving the nation’s budget

Answer 62

entitlement reform

Question 63

classification of patients by major medical diagnosis for the purpose of standardizing health care costs

Answer 63

diagnosis-related group (DRG)

Question 64

health care settings located in areas that are convenient for people to walk into and receive care; may be provided in hospitals, clinics, or centers

Answer 64

ambulatory care