Test 10 Flashcards
1.Nursing considerations for stem cell clients (pp slide 30)
-Avoid invasive procedures
-Avoid fresh fruit/fresh plants
-Limit # of visitors
-Monitor temp q 4hrs (minimum)
2.Adverse effects of radiation therapy (pp slide 23)
-desquamation (shedding of the skin), use soft wash cloth
-alopecia
-erythema
-stomatitis (irritation inside the mouth, mouth sores) > stay away from spicy, fatty foods
-xerostomia (dryness of the mouth) > sugar free gum to get rid of metallic taste
-anorexia
-nausea
-cystitis (inflammation of the bladder)
-pneumonitis
-fatigue
-Myelosuppression: depression of bone marrow (no fresh flowers, fruits, bottled water, limit visitors, no salad bars)
-Leukopenia: decreased WBC
-Thrombocytopenia: decreased platelet count
-Fibrosis: small intestine, lungs, bladder; cataracts, sterility, new cancers
3.Precautions when administering radiation therapy (pp slide 22)
-Time: plan ahead by having everything needed when entering client room
-Distance: stand at the greatest distance away from site of internal radiation
-Shielding: wear lead apron if close contact & prolonged care are needed
4.Docusate sodium K,H,K (pharm flashcard)
Stool softener
-relives constipation/prevents straining during BM
-Take w/full glass of water
-Contraindicated in those w/bowel obstructions
-Don’t take within 1hr of other drugs, antacids, or milk
-Not for long term use (1 week max)
5.Client education for chemotherapy, radiation (pp slide 25)
-Small, frequent meals
-Increase fluid intake: 2,500-3,000 mL/day
-Report excessive weight loss, change in LOC, paresthesia (tingling, prickling “pins & needles sensation)
6.Endometrial cancer manifestations (ATI pg.568, Timby pg.732)
-Irregular and or postmenopausal bleeding
-Late Symptoms: pain, pressure on the bladder or bowel & generalized wasting
7.TNM (pp slide 18)
T= indicates size of tumor
N= involvement of regional lymph nodes: N0- N3
M=metastasis M0 or M1, M2 or M3
-higher the grade the less differentiated
-higher the number the larger the tumor or more lymph nodes involved
-Carcinoma in situ: abnormal cells present but have not spread to surrounding tissue
8.Nursing considerations for xerostomia, stomatitis (ATI pg.542)
Xerostomia:
-sugar free gum to get rid of metallic taste
Stomatitis:
-stay away from spicy, fatty, salty, acidic foods
-try eating foods that are cold rather than hot
9.Risks of cancer (pp slide 7)
-Tobacco use
-Age
-Alcohol use
-Altered immunity
-Poor diet, lack of physical activity, or being overweight
-Some viruses & bacteria
-Hormones
-Exposure to radiation & or chemicals
-Family hx of cancer/genetics
10.Cancer prevention (pp slide 14)
-Healthy lifestyle (consume fruits & veggies, folic acid, omega 3)
-Awareness of warning signs & factors of cancer development
-Cancer screening programs
-Periodic physical examinations
-Avoid risk factors
-Genetic testing
-Emphasize & teach self-examinations (breasts, skin, testicles)
11.Warning signs of cancer (pp slide 13)
-Change in bowel/bladder habits
-A non-healing sore
-U unusual bleeding
-Thickening lump
-Indigestion
-Obvious change in size of wart/mole
-Nagging cough
*Additional: headaches; weight loss, chronic pain, fatigue, low-grade fever; infections
12.Tamoxifen (pp slide 28)
Breast cancer
-risk of PE/DVT & endometrial cancer (heavy vaginal bleed)
-AE: hot flashes
13.Doxorubicin (pp slide 28)
-HF/discoloration of urine/sweat/tears
-Monitor cardiac function
14.Vincristine (pp slide 28)
-no bone marrow suppression, but peripheral neuropathy & phlebitis
15.Interferon alpha 2b (pp slide 28)
Immunotherapy- enhances immune sx
-flu like sx & hx of depression
16.Filgrastim (neupogen) & Epotin (procrit) (pp slide 28)
Stimulate neutrophil
-wait 24hrs after chemo
-Epoetin: increase RBC
17.Difference between strain and sprain (pp slide 1)
Strain: injury to a muscle when stretched or pulled, very often after overuse
Sprain: injuries to ligaments surrounding a joint, moved beyond their typical ROM like twisting
18.Nursing considerations with open fractures (complications) (pp slide 14)
-Fat & Pulmonary embolism: can decrease oxygen w/manifestations > Change in LOC, SOB, chest pain; anxiety
-Use ABC’s as nurse approach. Assess for decrease oxygen, check cap. Refill for neuro status
-Avascular necrosis: assess neurovascular status
-Compartment syndrome
-Infection-redness, warm to the touch, fever (monitor vitals)
-Delayed bone healing
19.Compartment syndrome manifestations (pp slide 14)
-Unrelenting pain
-Increased pressure in area
-Ischemia (pt might have cool skin, palored skin, altered sensation in toes, no pulse at affected side)
-Nerve pain (severe, no relief from medications)
20.Risks for fractures (pp slide 11)
-Bone infections or tumors
-Diabetes
-Caucasian ethnicity
-History of steroid use
-Hx of smokers
-Osteoporosis
-Post menopausal
-Poor or inadequate nutrition
-Small, framed individuals
21.Prosthesis care (pp slide 20)
-Placed immediately after amputation to promote post-op ambulation
-At risk for hip deformation > encourage prone position 20-30mins/day
-Assess for infection
-Inspect for skin breakdown using mirror
-Include active & passive ROM exercises
-Do not alter prosthesis
-Change the dressings daily
-Compression tape, wrap in figure 8 pattern
22.Post op care for ortho surgery (pp slide 16)
-Prevent post op complications: fluid increase, good pin care
-Reduce risk for excessive bleeding: assess wounds
-If anti-embolic stockings: remove & assess every 8 hrs for skin integrity
-Vitals & capillary check every 2-4hrs
-Ambulation w/assistance after day 1
-Help reduce pain & inflammation
23.Foods high in calcium
-kale, leafy greens, collard greens, broccoli
-milk/cheese products
-canned fish
24.Diagnostic labs for bone disorders (Timby, pg.838 & ATI pg.395)
-DXA/DEXA
-Arthroscopy
-BMD (bone mineral density)
Nuclear scans:
-Bone scans
-Gallium & thallium scans
