test

Question 1

List the regions of the superior limb from proximal to distal

Answer 1

Pectoral girdle
brachium
antebrachium
manus
carpus
metacarpus
digits

Question 2

List the regions of the inferior limb from distal to proximal

Answer 2

Pelvic girdle
clunes
coxae
thigh
crus
pes
tarsus
metatarsus
digits

Question 3

beginning with the chemical level list the steps in the hierarchical organization of living matter

Answer 3

Chemical level
cells
tissues
organs
organ systems
organism

Question 4

What are the microscopic building blocks that combine to form molecules

Answer 4

Atoms

Question 5

What are the three types of organic molecules

Answer 5

Carbs
lipids and
proteins

Question 6

The three subdivisions of the cell

Answer 6

Plasma membrane
nucleus
cytoplasm

Question 7

What are the four functions of the cell membrane

Answer 7

Mechanical barrier
selective gate keeper
chemical receptor
identify self from nonself

Question 8

What is the brain

Answer 8

Nucleus

Question 9

Molecular movements do not require energy and can be divided into two subtypes

Answer 9

Passive- where molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
Osmosis- where water molecules move from areas of high concentration of water molecules to areas of low concentration water molecules

Question 10

Active movements require energy and can be divided into two subtypes

Answer 10

carrier mediated- require special carrier proteins in the membrane to transport molecules into or out of the cell

Question 11

Energy production in the cytosol is called

Answer 11

glycosis, it produces 2 atp

Question 12

Energy production in the mitochondria is called

Answer 12

krebs cycle and produces 36 atp

Question 13

Basic muscle tissue

Answer 13

Connective- vascular- few cells lots of extra cellular matrix

muscle
epithelial - a vascular
Nervous

Question 14

Epithelial tissues are classified based on

Answer 14

Shape and number of layers

Question 15

List the four basic connective tissues

Answer 15

General
cartilage
bone
blood

Question 16

What are the two basic building blocks of connective tissues

Answer 16

few Cells and extracellular matrix

Question 17

what two fibers dominate the extracellular matrix

Answer 17

collagen - great tensile strength

Elastic - Branched, stretch and recoil

Question 18

Loose collagenous connective tissue

Answer 18

allows for movement

Question 19

Dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 19

tensile strength

strong in all directions

Question 20

dense regular connective tisse

Answer 20

strong in one direction

Question 21

adipose tissue

Answer 21

insulate and padding

Question 22

Why is cartilage and exception among the types of connective tissues

Answer 22

its the only one that is avascular

Question 23

Hyaline cartilage

Answer 23

smooth and glassy

Question 24

elastic cartilage

Answer 24

ears and epiglottis

Question 25

fibrocartilage

Answer 25

shock absorbtion

Question 26

List the layers of the integument from superficial to deep

Answer 26

Epidermis dermis hypodermis

Question 27

stratum basale

Answer 27

produces Keratinocytes - cell division

Question 28

stratum spinosum

Answer 28

flat, bind together

Question 29

stratum granulosum

Answer 29

water proofs area

Question 30

stratum corneum

Answer 30

most superficial

Question 31

stratum papillare

Answer 31

top 20% of dermis

Question 32

Dermal papilla

Answer 32

finger like projections going to epidermis

Question 33

stratum reticulare

Answer 33

cleavage lines | tears and stretch marks

Question 34

list the two layers of the hypodermis

Answer 34

faty and fibrous

Question 35

formation of the hair follicles and glands

Answer 35

invagination

Question 36

Sebaceous gland

Answer 36

produces oily substance called sebum onto the skin

Question 37

apocrine gland

Answer 37

hair folicles

Question 38

eccrine gland

Answer 38

most numerous

Question 39

6 functions of a bone

Answer 39

``` support movement protection calcium homeostasis blood cell formation energy storage ```

Question 40

what are the physical proporties of bone tissue

Answer 40

strength to resist tension- collagen strength to resist compression- hydroxyapatite ability to remodel or change- cells

Question 41

osteoblast

Answer 41

builds bone

Question 42

osteocyte

Answer 42

maintain bone

Question 43

osteoclast

Answer 43

breaks down bone

Question 44

Compact bone

Answer 44

surface bone

Question 45

spongy bone

Answer 45

always deep

Question 46

Periosteum

Answer 46

superficial to compact bone | dense irregular connective tissue

Question 47

articular cartilage

Answer 47

hyaline, smooth and glassy

Question 48

medullary cavity

Answer 48

only in long bone, yellow bone marrow

Question 49

nutrient foramen

Answer 49

hole in bone supplying blood to bone tissue

Question 50

two basic types of joints

Answer 50

fibrous and synovial

Question 51

interosseous membranes

Answer 51

holds adjacent long bones together

Question 52

syndesmosis

Answer 52

gomphosis, found around teeth

Question 53

sutures

Answer 53

fibrous synarthrosis joint, found in head

Question 54

synchondrosis

Answer 54

growth plate

Question 55

symphysis

Answer 55

intervertebral disks

Question 56

ligament

Answer 56

holds bone to bone

Question 57

bura

Answer 57

synovial structure without a bone

Question 58

tendon sheath

Answer 58

holds tendon firmly to bone