Test

Question 1

the Vedic god of fire; god of religious sacrifices and divine knowledge

Answer 1

agni

Question 2

prosperity and wealth; one of the guiding ideals of hinduism

Answer 2

artha

Question 3

indo-eurpoean steppe peoples who conquered india

Answer 3

aryans

Question 4

a means of seeking divine truth via self-mutiliation or deprivation; yoga helps train the body to seek religious truce in this practice

Answer 4

ascetism

Question 5

its final destination is to be absorbed into the “world soul”; the part of people that is eternal

Answer 5

atman

Question 6

the creator manifestation; the “cosmic architect”

Answer 6

brahma

Question 7

the highest cast; priests and teachers were in this caste

Answer 7

brahmins

Question 8

they were once called the “untouchables”

Answer 8

dalit/pariahs

Question 9

each caste had its certain job; their____ was to do this job well; sacred duty

Answer 9

dharma

Question 10

Shiva’s son; had an elephant’s head on a human body; god of wealth

Answer 10

ganesh

Question 11

monkey-hero in the ramayana

Answer 11

hanuman

Question 12

the Vedic god of war; rides an elephant mount; god of thunder

Answer 12

indra

Question 13

pleasure, emotional fulfillment, desire; one of the guiding ideals of hinduism

Answer 13

kama

Question 14

my destiny; the result of my actions

Answer 14

karma

Question 15

kings had to be in this caste; the warrior caste

Answer 15

kshatriya

Question 16

epic poem about a war for the throne between cousins and their families; poem that discusses duty, religion, society, and politics

Answer 16

Mahabharata

Question 17

great prince; Sanskrit word for kings

Answer 17

maharaja

Question 18

release from the cycle of rebirth

Answer 18

moksha

Question 19

the four guiding ideals of hinduism

Answer 19

purusartha

Question 20

cosmic man who was sacrificed to create the world and caste system

Answer 20

purusha

Question 21

Sanskrit word for prince

Answer 21

raja

Question 22

the hero of the Ramayana; went off to capture the golden deer

Answer 22

rama

Question 23

epic poem about a hero rescuing his wife; epic poem about adventure, religion, mythology and duty (dharma)

Answer 23

ramayana

Question 24

the evil demon-king who kidnaps sita

Answer 24

ravana

Question 25

the cycle of reincarnation

Answer 25

samsara

Question 26

written language of ancient india

Answer 26

sanskrit

Question 27

custom of a widow throwing herself into husband's funeral pyre

Answer 27

sati

Question 28

the destroyer manifestation

Answer 28

shiva

Question 29

the wife of Rama in the ramayana

Answer 29

sita

Question 30

most people in ancient india were this caste; caste that included peasants, farmers laborers

Answer 30

sudras

Question 31

the three forms of reality personified by brahma, vishnu and shiva

Answer 31

trimurti

Question 32

caste that included merchants and artisans; lowest caste occupied by aryans and their descendants

Answer 32

vaisya

Question 33

literally means "color"; the word for the concept of castes

Answer 33

varna

Question 34

the Vedic god of water; god of justice and law

Answer 34

varuna

Question 35

religious instructions that included hymns and craters; men were expected to learn funeral rites from these texts

Answer 35

vedas

Question 36

the preserver/protector manifestation

Answer 36

vishnu

Question 37

ultimate reality; the macrocosmic force operating in the universe

Answer 37

brahman

Question 38

pre-hinduism Vedic religion

Answer 38

brahmanism

Question 39

indigenous peoples of india conquered by the aryans; became the. sutras and Dalit

Answer 39

dhravidians

Question 40

divisions of labor within the caste system; guild-like organizations of workers and their families that offered social stability

Answer 40

jati

Question 41

3102 BCE

Answer 41

civilization appears in india, china

Question 42

1500 BCE

Answer 42

aryans became established in india

Question 43

480 BCE

Answer 43

death of the buddha

Question 44

100 BCE

Answer 44

Mahabharata and ramayana written

Question 45

169-232 CE

Answer 45

reign of Ashoka

Question 46

Which mountain range surrounds india

Answer 46

Himalayan

Question 47

subcontinent

Answer 47

a distinguished part of a continent

Question 48

_____ flows through the Himalayan Mountains into the ______

Answer 48

Indus River, Arabian Sea

Question 49

Punjab

Answer 49

five rivers flowing into Indus

Question 50

_____ flows into the Bay of _____

Answer 50

Ganges, Bengals

Question 51

Deccan Plateau

Answer 51

divides north from south

Question 52

major archeological sites and details - Indias earliest civilizations

Answer 52

Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were ancient cities with strong administrative, urban, and religious centers.

Question 53

Indias earliest civilizations

Answer 53

Indus Valley civilizations

Question 54

reasons for decline of earliest civilizations

Answer 54

natural causes, social decay, neglect of public services

Question 55

pastoralists

Answer 55

nomads who follow herds of animals

Question 56

citadel

Answer 56

fortress

Question 57

big export in india

Answer 57

cotton

Question 58

role of father in the family

Answer 58

responsible for leading the ceremonies, possessed legal authority over entire family

Question 59

how were women considered inferior

Answer 59

couldn't become a priest and can't divorce husband. Sati ceremony and provide dowery to husband.

Question 60

upanishads

Answer 60

meditation philosophies, spiritual knowledge, commentaries of vedas

Question 61

caste system

Answer 61

Brahmin - priests kshatryia - warriors and kings vaisya - merchants and landowners sudra - commoners, peasants, servants untouchables - outcasts

Question 62

evidence of respect for women

Answer 62

they were respected in home

Question 63

aryans

Answer 63

pure

Question 64

aranyakas

Answer 64

rituals, ceremonies, and sacrifices

Question 65

the cosmic man

Answer 65

class systems were created out of the parts of the body of a single cosmic man

Question 66

reincarnation

Answer 66

reborn in a different form after death and progresses through several existences on the wheel of life until it reaches its final destination in a union with the great world soul

Question 67

ascetism

Answer 67

sensual pleasures, modern practice of body training, self-discipline

Question 68

the soul's final destination

Answer 68

great world soul

Question 69

3 great gods

Answer 69

brahma the creator, vishnu the preserver, and shiva the destroyer

Question 70

dharma

Answer 70

code for living one's life

Question 71

artha

Answer 71

wealth and prosperity

Question 72

kama

Answer 72

desire, fulfillment of pleasure desire

Question 73

moksha

Answer 73

ultimate goal, release of the soul (atman), spiritual knowledge

Question 74

karma

Answer 74

positively or negatively affects your souls reincarnation

Question 75

avatar

Answer 75

character, a manifestation of gods

Question 76

krishna

Answer 76

Vishnu, secretly a god

Question 77

3 arguments Krishna used to convince Arjuna he should lead troops in battle

Answer 77

your atman will continue, your dharma is to be a warrior, karma has decided if they will die or not

Question 78

how does purusartha reinforce the varna

Answer 78

be the best you can be so you are rewarded to a higher caste when reincarnated

Question 79

Siddhartha Gautama

Answer 79

born son of a ruling kshatriya family contemporary of mahavira

Question 80

what did SG discover at age 29

Answer 80

old age, pain of illness, death, ascetic lifestyle

Question 81

two extremes to avoid

Answer 81

total materialism and total asceticism

Question 82

four noble truths

Answer 82

1. life is suffering 2. suffereing is caused by desire 3. the way to end suffering is to end desire 4. the way to end desire is to avoid the extremes of a life

Question 83

what should you follow

Answer 83

the middle path

Question 84

what tree is significant to Siddhartha and why

Answer 84

He meditated under the Bodhi Tree. Bodhi means wisdom

Question 85

what became Siddhartha's new name

Answer 85

Buddha - enlightened one

Question 86

eightfold path

Answer 86

all start with word right, idea of right

Question 87

nirvana

Answer 87

elightment, knowledge of truth caused by nothing, dependent on nothing leads to nothing

Question 88

boddhisatva

Answer 88

teacher, stays on planet to teach truth after death

Question 89

offshoots from hinduism

Answer 89

jainism

Question 90

Mahavira

Answer 90

the great hero

Question 91

elements buddha kept

Answer 91

reincarnation, karma, nonviolence, simplicity, chastity, escetics

Question 92

elements buddha rejected

Answer 92

castes, deites, creator (Brahman), individual atman (the self)

Question 93

ashima

Answer 93

nonviolence

Question 94

jainism

Answer 94

the path to enlightenment is through nonviolence

Question 95

ashoka

Answer 95

considered greatest ruler in history of india, paragon of buddhist kingship

Question 96

early reign of ashoka

Answer 96

conquering, pillaging, and killing

Question 97

Ashoka ordered the erction of _____ to remind people of the _______

Answer 97

stone pillars, "proper way"

Question 98

belief system that influenced Ashokas later reign

Answer 98

buddhism

Question 99

architecture and sculpture

Answer 99

stone began to be used after the destruction of the Persian empire

Question 100

3 religious structures

Answer 100

pillar, stupa, rock chamber

Question 101

stupa

Answer 101

buddhist shrine (place for worship and devotion)

Question 102

how is the stupa antithetical to the buddhas teachings

Answer 102

they're not supposed to worship, materialism

Question 103

lotus

Answer 103

emerges from muddy water each day clean and renewed everyday a new start, rebirth

Question 104

mandala

Answer 104

symbols of universe in its ideal form, used for meditation