Test Flashcards
(22 cards)
Put in order
Replication of chromosomes
Alignment of duplicated chromosomes in the middle of the cell
Movement of chromosomes away from the middle
Nuclear membrane formation around each set of newly formed chromosomes
Process of mitosis produces…
Identical daughter cells
Process of cell differentiation…
Specialized cells
DNA replication occurs in the __ phase of the cell cycle and mitosis ensures that that _______
S
Synthesis: each cell receives an identical copy of DNA
Mitotic phases In order
3124
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
People with breast cancer are sometimes treated with a drug that disrupts the production of proteins necessary for cell division. Which phase of the cell cycle is most affected by this treatment?
M phase
A drug used to treat skin cancer blocks the duplication of DNA. In which phase of the cell cycle would this drug have the most significant impact?
S phase
Cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug, damages the DNA in rapidly dividing cancer cells, causing cell cycle arrest before cell division. Which phase of the cell cycle is most affected by this drug?
G2 phase
People who have leukemia, a cancer that affects white blood cells, are often given cytarabine. This drug inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Which phase of the cell cycle is most affected by cytarabine?
S phase
In phase 1, why does the DNA content of the cell remain constant
Growing and performing normal functions, but DNA replication has not yet occurred
During phase 2, the DNA content increases. What process is occurring during this phase?
DNA replication
Why does DNA content remain constant during phase 3, even though the cell is getting ready to divide?
Preparing for mitosis
After phase 4, the DNA content drops back to its original level. What event occurs here to cause this decrease?
Where chromosomes are divided
In mitosis each daughter cell has the _____ as the parents cell.
The purpose of mitosis is to create _____ from one parent cell.
This allows for growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction in some organisms. Therefore, the correct diagram shows cells with the same _________after each division
Same number of chromosomes
Two identical daughter cells
Number of chromosomes
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death around the world
choose all the possible causes of this type of irregular cell growth
Mutations, created during s phase, accumulate and various genes that control cell division
Checkpoints embedded in the cell cycle start getting overridden and / or skipped
A human body cell ordinarily will have 23 pairs of chromosomes at the end of a cycle including mitosis the new cells will have…
23 pairs of chromosomes
During DNA replication, a chemical called ______ acts as an enzyme to quickly Bond nucleotides on the complementary strand.
It belongs to a large class of biomolecules that perform most of the actions carried out by organisms called proteins.
DNA polymerase
A diagram of the DNA strand is provided.
The arrow is pointing to which component of the DNA strand?
Nitrogen bases held together by a hydrogen bond
As a fertilized egg divides, the cells differentiate because they…
Have specific genes activated
In general the steps involved with DNA replication follow what order?
First helicase unzips antiparallel strands of DNA the separated strands will act as templates for making the new DNA.
Second enzymes assist with adding complementary base pairs to parent stands for leading and lagging strands always in the 5 to 3 direction.
Third one of all bases are matched up DNA ligase seal the DNA back into two continuous strands the DNA automatically winds itself back up into a DNA double helix
As a zygote (developing baby) divides (to form two) to form new cells, groups of cells specialize to carry out functions that are essential (needed) to the organism.
What causes cells to differentiate into specialized cells?
This activation (to make happen) of specific ____ causes cells to differentiate (to make different things) into specialized cells (cells that do something).
Genes
The Himalayan rabbits body is typically covered in white fur except for the nose, feet, till, and ears, which are covered in Black fur.
A scientist shaved an area of white fur on the Himalayan rabbit and placed an ice pack over the shaved area the shaved area grew black fur.
Which best explains why the hair grew back where the ice pack was placed was black and not white?
The genes for black hair were activated by specific temperatures.
