Test 2 Flashcards
(19 cards)
How are tissues classified
Structure or shape of cells, cell function and extracellular fluid
What are the four primary tissue types
Epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous
What is the main structural difference between epithelial and connective tissue?
Epithelial has many tightly packed cells and little to no extracellular matrix.
Connective tissue has few cells scattered around surrounded by large amounts of extracellular matrix
Epithelial tissue definition
Protective covering of surfaces inside and outside of the body
Where is epithelial tissue found
Outside surface of the body, linning of digestive respiratory and urogenital systems, heart and blood vessels and linings of body cavities
What are the various cell surfaces of epithelial tissue
The apical or free surface, which lines lumen or space in cavities.
Basal is the end of the cell that connects to the basement membrane.
Lateral surface which is the sides of the cells
What is the basement membrane responsible for?
Acts as a cellular glue between epithelial and connective tissues
Do epithelial tissues have a direct blood supply?
Epithelial tissue is avascular and gets oxygen and nutrients from neighboring tissues
Are epithelial cells capable of regeneration
They can undergo mitosis to regenerate. This is important cause they are located in areas where damage can easily occur
Functions of epithelial tissue
Protecting underlying structures, acting as barriers, permitting the passage of substances, secreting substances and absorbing substances
What is microvilli
Finger-like projections that come out of the free surface of the epithelial tissue used to increase surface area for absorption and secretion
Cilia
Hair like projections that preform wave like actions to move materials across cell surfaces
What are the two ways epithelium are classified
Layers and cell shape
What are the functional characteristics of the types of epithelial cells
Simple: diffusion of gas, filtration of blood, secretion and absorption
Stratified: protection, particularly against abrasion or friction
Psedostratified: secret and move mucous
Squamous: diffusion and filtration
Cubical and columnar: secretion and absorption
What is a goblet cell
Modified columnar cell thay produces and secretes mucous
What is the difference between keratinized and nonkeratinized
Keratinized tissues have a layer of dead cells on the outside which help protect the tissue
Nonkeratinized tissues have a most fluid covering an alive outer layer of cells
What is a gland
Epithelium with a supporting layer of connective tissue made up of a single cell or mass of cells which are adapted for secretion
Endocrine Glands
No open constance with exterior, no ducts and produces hormones
Folicles produce hormones are produced into extracellular space and then taken up by blood
Exorcine glands
There is open contact maintained with the exterior(this can include in the digestive system) and they have ductd
Produced into lumen of duct
