Test 2

Question 0

Discovered the atomos

• solid, homogenous, indivisible, indestructible
• properties of matter are due to shape and movement of atoms
• atomos cannot change

Answer 0

Democritus

Original founder no one believed

Question 1

4 elements

Earth fire water air

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

Confirmed the existence of atoms and that they are indestructible cannot be divided created or destroyed

Answer 2

Dalton

Question 3

Used cathode rays to discover electrons and then created the Plum Pudding Model
(Electrons floating around in positively charged matter)

Answer 3

Thomson

Question 4

Oil drop experiment

Determined exact charge of electron: 1.6 * 10 ^-19 coulombs

Answer 4

Millikan

Question 5

Gold Foil Experiment proved plum pudding wrong by discovering the nucleus “alpha particles”
Electrons orbit around nucleus

Answer 5

Rutherford

Question 6

Found the proton

Answer 6

Goldstein

Question 7

Found the neutrons

Answer 7

Chadwich

Question 8

Model of the atom newer version of Rutherford using quantum mechanics with a positively charged nucleus orbited by negatively charged electrons

Answer 8

Bohr

Question 9

a kind of radiation including visible light, radio waves, gamma rays, and X-rays, in which electric and magnetic fields vary simultaneously.

Answer 9

Electromagnetic radiation

Question 10

two electrons occupying the same orbital in an atom or molecule.

Answer 10

Electron pair

Question 11

the lowest energy state of an atom or other particle.

Answer 11

Ground state

Question 12

The exhibition of both wavelike and particlelike properties by a single entity, as of both diffraction and linear propagation by light.

Answer 12

Wave-particle nature

Question 13

a particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation. THIS carries energy proportional to the radiation frequency but has zero rest mass.

Answer 13

Photon

Question 14

An atomic orbital is a mathematical function that describes the wave-like behavior of either one electron or a pair of electrons in an atom. This function can be used to calculate the probability of finding any electron of an atom in any specific region around the atom’s nucleus.

Answer 14

Electron cloud

Question 15

the rate at which a vibration occurs that constitutes a wave, either in a material (as in sound waves), or in an electromagnetic field (as in radio waves and light), usually measured per second.

Answer 15

Frequency

Question 16

cursive l - measure of orbital angular momentum, shape of the orbital

Answer 16

Orbital quantum number (sub shell)

Question 17

n - describes the energy level
ℓ - describes the subshell
mℓ - describes the orbital of the subshell
ms - describes the spin

Answer 17

quantum numbers

Question 18

n- distance of the electron from the nucleus as “n” increases the radius increases

Answer 18

Principle quantum number = shell = energy level

Question 19

M- orbital around the 3 axes in space (orientation in space)

Answer 19

Magnetic quantum number

Question 20

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table.

Answer 20

Atomic number

Question 21

the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.

Answer 21

Mass number

Question 22

unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular weights, equal to one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12. It is equal to approximately 1.66 x 10-27 kg.

Answer 22

Amu = atomic mass unit

Question 23

mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units. It is approximately equivalent to the number of protons and neutrons in the atom (the mass number) or to the average number allowing for the relative abundances of different isotopes.

Answer 23

Atomic mass

Question 24

Neutrons

Answer 24

No charge Located in nucleus Discovered by Chadwick This + protons = mass number

Question 25

Protons

Answer 25

``` Discovered by Goldstein Positive charge In nucleus This = atomic # This + neutrons = mass # ```

Question 26

Electrons

Answer 26

Negative charge Same as protons when there Is no charge orbit the nucleus Discovered by Thomson

Question 27

An atom or group of bonded atoms that have a positive or negative charge

Answer 27

Ion

Question 28

Atoms of the same element that have different masses

Answer 28

Isotope

Question 29

An electron configuration notation in which only the valence electrons of an atom of a particular element are shown

Answer 29

Electron dot structure

Question 30

Particle that makes up protons and neutrons

Answer 30

Quark

Question 31

The emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal

Answer 31

Photoelectric effect

Question 32

M(little)s tells the electrons spin on it's axis

Answer 32

Spin quantum number

Question 33

a band of colors, as seen in a rainbow, produced by separation of the components of light by their different degrees of refraction according to wavelength

Answer 33

Spectrum

Question 34

The distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves

Answer 34

Wavelength

Question 35

the speed at which light travels in a vacuum; the constancy and universality of the speed of light is recognized by defining it to be exactly 299,792,458 meters per second

Answer 35

Speed of light

Question 36

Orbital

Answer 36

Region within an energy level where there is a probability of finding an electron

Question 37

A state in which an atom has a higher potential energy than it has in it's ground state

Answer 37

Excited state

Question 38

waves that travel through a secondary object. Water is an example

Answer 38

Wave mechanical model

Question 39

Hunds rule

Answer 39

Within a sublevel place 1 e per orbital before pairing them

Question 40

Pauli exclusion principle

Answer 40

2 electrons in same orbital must have opposite spins

Question 41

Afbau principle

Answer 41

Electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals 1st

Question 42

It is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity of an electron or any other particle

Answer 42

Heisenberg uncertainty principle