Test 2 Flashcards
(64 cards)
Social Dominance Orientation
a set of beliefs about social hierarchies
Explicit
attitudes that we endorse and can easily report
- Ann says she hates math.
- Aware, conscious.
Implicit
attitudes that are involuntary, uncontrollable, and sometimes unconscious
* Ann enjoys solving math problems.
* It is part of automatic thinking; unconscious and most likely unaware of it.
- Modern sexism
gender bias that is communicated in a subtle or indirect way
- Old-Fashioned sexism
endorsement of traditional gender roles, differential treatment of women and men, and stereotypes of women’s lesser competence.
Ambivalent Sexism
relations between the genders are characterized by the coexistence of male dominance in society and intimate interdependence
- Benevolent
positive attitude toward women who conform to traditional gender expectations.
- Hostile
negative attitude toward women who “step out of line”
- Benevolent sexism
positive attitudes toward women who “stay in their place”.
o A good woman should be set on a pedestal by her man.
o Many women have a quality of purity that few men possess.
- Hostile sexism
the belief that women are inferior and some of them are trying to take over men’s rightful dominant place in society.
o Women seek to gain power by getting control over man.
What types of sexism work together to create sexist environments
Hostile and benevolent sexism work together to create sexist environments.
What type of sexism do women typically endorse?
benevolent sexism
Correlation between benevolent and hostile sexism in many countries
- Gender Development Index (GDI)
measures differences in male and female achievements in three basic dimensions of human development: health, education, and command over economic resources
- Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)
A composite index measuring gender inequality in three basic dimensions of empowerment— economic participation and decision-making, political participation, and decision-making, and power over economic resources
exposure to benevolent sexism can…
o Increase women’s stress
o Increase women’s self-consciousness about their bodies
o Shift attention to the detriment of cognitive performance
- People who more strongly endorse hostile sexism
o Make less favorable attributions about career women;
o Evaluate male job candidates more favorably than female job candidates
o Are less likely to believe a woman’s claim about sexual harassment
- Gender microaggressions
brief everyday acts of sexism whether intentional or unintentional that demean and insult a person based on that individual’s gender
o Often the result of stereotyping
- Gender-fair language
refers to all people with symmetrical linguistic forms
o E.g., Latinx as opposed to Latina/Latino
Gendered Languages
- Spanish, French, German
o Have feminine/masculine forms of words
o Have gendered pronouns
Natural Gender Languages
- E.g., English
o Have gendered pronouns
Genderless Languages
- E.g., Turkish, Finnish, Japanese
o Nothing!
Warrerman and Weseley 2009
- Bilingual high school students
o English vs French/Spanish - Students in English condition expressed fewer sexist attitudes
Reappropriation
when subordinate groups intentionally reclaim a slur
o E.g., pussy hats, queer, Yankee doodle,
