Test 2

Question 1

96-98% of the material in all living organisms is made up of all of the following except:

Answer 1

Nitrogen

Question 2

Most of the energy in the matter of living organisms is found in the:

Answer 2

electrons

Question 3

What is used for energy storage in mammals?

Answer 3

Glycogen

Question 4

Only nonpolar group of molecules are?

Answer 4

Lipids

Question 5

The most common type of macromolecule?

Answer 5

Proteins

Question 6

Electrons are shared unequally around two atomic nuclei?

Answer 6

polar covalent bond

Question 7

The description of attraction of non-polar bonds to water?

Answer 7

Hydrophobic

Question 8

When two monomers are put together and water is formed, this is the process of:

Answer 8

condensation

Question 9

LOOK AT DIAGRAM #s 9-11

Question 10

Water is unique because:

Answer 10

Heat of vaporization

Question 11

Phospholipids are both polar and non-polar. This is called being:

Answer 11

amphipathic

Question 12

Nucleotides are made of:

Answer 12

sugars….phosphates….nitrogen bases

Question 13

What is used or energy storage in plants?

Answer 13

Starch

Question 14

What are bonds that form within a water molecule?

Answer 14

Covalent Bonds

Question 15

This may be double-stranded, contain lots of phosphate and so are negatively charged:

Answer 15

Nucleic Acids

Question 16

It is made of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur:

Answer 16

Proteins

Question 17

Which of the following about purines and pyrimidines is true?

Answer 17

Purines are double-ring structures and pyrimidines are single-ring structures.

Question 18

Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP is endergonic, whereas hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is exergonic. Thereore the two reactions are:

Answer 18

linked

Question 19

During formation of a peptide linkage, a(n) ____ is formed.

Answer 19

molecule of water

Question 20

In any system, some of the energy is unusable for work. The unusable energy is measure of the disorder of the system and is referred to as:

Answer 20

entropy

Question 21

Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15 and an atomic mass of 31. How many neutrons does it have?

Answer 21

16

Question 22

How can we BEST describe the INITIAL concentration of the two solutions?

Answer 22

The cell is hypertonic to the outer solution

Question 23

Once the solutes move as they can, which way will water move?

Answer 23

into the cell

Question 24

Amino acids can be grouped according to the properties of their:

Answer 24

R GROUPS

Question 25

What is the nucleotide sequence of the complementary strand of the DNA molecule AATGCGA?

Answer 25

TTACGCT

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a difference between DNA and RNA?

Answer 26

DNA is a polymer, whereas RNA is a monomer.

Question 27

Which of the following statements about enzymes is FALSE?

Answer 27

They change the (delta)G of the reaction

Question 28

Binding of a substrate to an active site is:

Answer 28

reversible

Question 29

A reactant reaches the transition state:

Answer 29

when its bonds are unstable

Question 30

The side chain of leucine is a hydrocarbon, In a folded protein, where would you expect to find leucine?

Answer 30

- In the interior of a cytoplasmic enzyme | - On the exterior of a protein embedded in a membrane

Question 31

A b-pleated sheet organization in a polypeptide chain is an example of __ structure.

Answer 31

Secondary

Question 32

The statement that "enzymes are highly specific" means that certain:

Answer 32

reactions involving certain substrates are catalyzed by specific enzymes.

Question 33

It stops enzyme activity by blocking the site where the substrate fits:

Answer 33

Competitive inhibitor

Question 34

The product acts to block the site for the substrate:

Answer 34

feed back inhibition

Question 35

It is part of an enzyme that interacts with the substrate:

Answer 35

active site

Question 36

Osmosis is a specific example:

Answer 36

diffusion

Question 37

An organelle with a 9 + 2 arrangement of micro-tubules inside; involved in movement of cell

Answer 37

flagellum

Question 38

A protein that forms an ion channel through a membrane is most likely:

Answer 38

a transmembrane protein

Question 39

Which of the following are NOT specialized cell junctions?

Answer 39

Cytoplasmic plaques

Question 40

Which of the following functions as a recognition signal for interactions between cells?

Answer 40

glycolipid

Question 41

The existence of a concentration gradient of glucose across a membrane means that:

Answer 41

the glucose molecules are more crowded on one side of the membrane than on the other

Question 42

Osmosis moves water from a region of ___________ to a region of ____________.

Answer 42

low concentration of dissolve material (solutes); high concentration of dissolved material (solutes)

Question 43

Active transport usually moves molecules:

Answer 43

in a direction opposite to the one in which diffusion moves them.

Question 44

In the intestine, Na+ and an amino acid bind to the same transport protein that moves the two substances in the same direction. This is an example of:

Answer 44

a symport

Question 45

Which of the following is the driving force for primary active transport?

Answer 45

ATP hydrolysis

Question 46

Which of the following is the driving force for simple diffusion?

Answer 46

concentration gradient

Question 47

Which of the following statements about metabolic pathways is FALSE?

Answer 47

Almost all are endergonic

Question 48

The function of NAD+ is to:

Answer 48

Carry electrons and H+ be reduced

Question 49

In all cells, glucose metabolism begins with:

Answer 49

glycolysis

Question 50

Which of the following statements about ATP is TRUE?

Answer 50

- its an energy-storage compound - its the cell's principal compound for energy transfer - it stands for adenosine triphosphate. - Its the molecule all living cells rely on to do chemical work

Question 51

phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis all involve:

Answer 51

the infolding (invagination) of the membrane

Question 52

Animals inhale air containing oxygen and exhale air containing less oxygen and more carbon dioxide. After inhalation, the oxygen missing from the air will mostly be found in:

Answer 52

Water