Test 2 Flashcards
(60 cards)
What is organizational structure?
The system used to define a hierarchy within an organization.
Define organizational culture.
The values, beliefs, and behaviors that shape how a company’s employees interact.
What is an organizational chart?
A diagram that shows the structure of an organization and the relationships between roles.
What does specialization refer to in an organization?
The degree to which tasks in an organization are divided into separate jobs.
What is departmentalization?
The process of grouping jobs into working units, such as by function, product, geography, or customer.
List the types of departmentalization.
- Functional
- Product-based
- Customer-based
- Geographical
- Process-based
What is functional departmentalization based on?
Job functions (e.g., marketing, finance, HR).
What is product-based departmentalization?
Organized around different products or services.
What does customer-based departmentalization focus on?
Different customer groups.
What is geographical departmentalization?
Divided by location or region.
Define process-based departmentalization.
Based on the sequence of production or workflow.
What is centralized decision-making?
Decision-making authority is concentrated at the top.
What characterizes decentralized decision-making?
Decision-making is spread throughout the organization.
What is a tall organizational structure?
Multiple layers of management, more control but slower communication.
Define flat organizational structure.
Fewer layers, more direct communication and faster decision-making.
What does span of management refer to?
The number of subordinates a manager directly supervises.
What are formal channels of communication?
Official channels such as reports and meetings.
Define informal communication.
Unofficial communication like workplace conversations and social networks.
What are operations in a business context?
The activities involved in producing goods and services.
What is operations management?
The administration of business practices to create efficiency in production.
Define quality in terms of products or services.
The ability to consistently meet customer expectations.
What is a supply chain?
The sequence of activities involved in producing and delivering a product.
What distinguishes manufacturing operations management?
Produces tangible goods, focuses on production efficiency.
What characterizes service-based operations management?
Delivers intangible services, focuses on customer interaction.
