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Biology Field & Lab Spring 2014 Koerner > Test #2 > Flashcards

Test #2 Flashcards

(73 cards)

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0
Q

What are the common representatives of Kingdom Monera?

A

Bacteria

Cyanobacteria (Blue Green Bacteria)

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1
Q

What is the most basic Kingdom?

A

Monera

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2
Q

Are the organisms in Kingdom Monera prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

Eukaryotic

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3
Q

How many cells do organisms in the Kingdom Monera have?

A

1 cell

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4
Q

Do organisms in the Kingdom Monera have cell walls?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Are the organisms in the Kingdom Monera autotrophic or heterotrophic?

A

Bacteria - Heterotrophic

Cyanobacteria - Autotrophic

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6
Q

What is the ideal environment for organisms in the Kingdom Monera?

A

Moist and warm, usually in water

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7
Q

What role does Kingdom Monera play in the ecosystem?

A

Bacteria - Decomposer

Cyanobacteria - Producer

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8
Q

Complexity of the Kingdom Monera?

A

Simple, no nucleus

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9
Q

What is the second Kingdom in order from simple to complex?

A

Protista

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10
Q

Name the 3 subgroups in Kingdom Protista.

A

Plant-like - Algae
Animal-like - Protozoans
Fungi - Slime Mold, Water Mold

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11
Q

Are the organisms in the Kingdom Protista prokaryotic and eukaryotic?

A

Eukaryotic

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12
Q

How many cells do the organisms in the Kingdom Protista have?

A

1 cell

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13
Q

Do the organisms in the Kingdom Protista have a cell wall?

A

Yes

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14
Q

Are the organisms in the Kingdom Protista autotrophic or heterotrophic?

A

Autotrophic - Algae

Heterotrophic - Everything else

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15
Q

Where are the organisms in the Kingdom Protista most commonly found?

A

Mostly in water

Except for Slime Mold (terrestrial)

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16
Q

What are the roles of the organisms in the Kingdom Protista?

A

Algae - producer
Protozoans - consumer
Slime Mold - decomposer

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17
Q

What is the complexity of Kingdom Protista?

A

Simple Complexity

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18
Q

What are the movement options for the Kingdom Protista?

A

Flagella
Cilia
Amoeboid
“Pseudo-poda” - “foot”

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19
Q

What are the 2 forms of dormancy for Slime Mold?

A

Sclerotia - dry dormancy

Spores

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20
Q

What do you add to Sclerotia to make a Slime Mold active?

A

Water and Food

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21
Q

If Slime Mold runs out of water, it turns into _________, if it runs out of food, it turns into _________.

A

Sclerotia

Sporangia

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22
Q

Beginning with Heploid Spore explain the multiplication of chromosome copies.

A

Two Heploid cells (1n) (1n) -> moist environment -> the two Heploid cells become active and change shape
{1n} {1n} -> {{1n}{1n}} -> {2n} -> the cycle repeats {{2n}{2n}} ->
{{2n}{2n}{2n}{2n}} forming a multinucleate cell

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23
Q

What are the 7 main types of Algae?

A 
Golden Brown Algae
Yellow Green Algae
Dinoflagellates
Euglenophyta
Brown Algae
Red Algae
Green Algae
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24
What are the cell walls of Diatoms and Desmids made of? What do humans use it to make?
Silica | Humans use it to make glass
25
The cell walls of Desmids and Diatoms do not compose, therefore what happens when the organisms die?
The "bodies" sink to the bottom and begin to build up over time, forming DIATOMACEOUS EARTH
26
Where is diatomaceous earth found in human products?
Toothpaste Cleansers Gardening Chemicals Road Paint (it's reflective)
27
Does every body of water have the same collection of diatoms?
No, each body of water has a different collection and can be used to solve crimes.
28
What are Golden Brown and Yellow Green Algae made up of?
Diatoms and Desmids
29
Break down the word Dinoflagellates.
"Di" - two "Dino" - terrible "Flagellate" - to whip
30
How do Dinoflagellates move?
Two flagella
31
What is a "red tide"?
A population explosion of dinoflagellates Turns the water a reddish color during these events Kills fish because dinoflagellates make a toxin which makes humans sick as well, it can be fatal Not all dinoflagellates give off toxin
32
What is the main organism in the Euglenophyta Algae?
Euglena
33
What are the characteristics of Euglenophyta Algae?
``` No cell wall Eye spot Chlorophyll "Plant & animal-like" Can switch between autotrophic and heterotrophic ```
34
What are organisms that belong in the Brown Algae classification?
Large seaweeds and other marine plants
35
What is Brown Algae produce and how do humans use it?
Agar and as glue
36
How long can a blade of kelp get?
100 feet long
37
What are characteristics of Red Algae?
Marine Edible Autotrophic - chlorophyll has red pigments
38
What does Red Algae produce and how do humans use it?
Carrageenan - ice cream, make-up | "Smoothing agent"
39
What is the largest group of Algae?
Green Algae
40
Why is Green Algae so closely related to plants?
Because it has the same chlorophyll, | Chlorophyll A & B
41
What is the type of Green Algae that was taken to space and why?
Chlorella | It produces oxygen for astronauts, is edible, and easily grows with photosynthesis
42
In what kingdom do yeast and mushrooms belong to?
Kingdom Fungi
43
Is the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
Eukaryotic
44
Do the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi have cell walls? If so, what are they made of?
Yes made of Chitin
45
Are the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi heterotrophic or autotrophic?
Heterotrophic
46
What is the best environment for the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi?
Moist and warm
47
How many cells make up the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi?
1 cell
48
What is the main role for the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi?
Decomposer
49
What is the complexity for the Kingdom Fungi?
Moderate
50
What foods to the Kingdom Fungi help make?
Cheese Alcohol Bread Mushrooms
51
What kind of medicines do the Kingdom Fungi make?
Antibiotics like penicillin
52
Why do fungi fight against bacteria?
Bacteria and fungi compete for same food | Fungi uses antibacterial to kill competitor (chemical warfare)
53
What are most human diseases caused by? Plant diseases?
Bacteria | Fungi
54
Is there any human diseases caused by fungi?
Yes, Athlete's Foot
55
Are the organisms in the Kingdom Protista autotrophic or heterotrophic?
Autotrophic - Algae | Heterotrophic - Everything else
56
Where are the organisms in the Kingdom Protista most commonly found?
Mostly in water | Except for Slime Mold (terrestrial)
57
What are the roles of the organisms in the Kingdom Protista?
Algae - producer Protozoans - consumer Slime Mold - decomposer
58
What is the complexity of Kingdom Protista?
Simple Complexity
59
What are the movement options for the Kingdom Protista?
Flagella Cilia Amoeboid "Pseudo-poda" - "foot"
60
What are the 2 forms of dormancy for Slime Mold?
Sclerotia - dry dormancy | Spores
61
What do you add to Sclerotia to make a Slime Mold active?
Water and Food
62
If Slime Mold runs out of water, it turns into _________, if it runs out of food, it turns into _________.
Sclerotia | Sporangia
63
Beginning with Heploid Spore explain the multiplication of chromosome copies.
Two Heploid cells (1n) (1n) -> moist environment -> the two Heploid cells become active and change shape {1n} {1n} -> {{1n}{1n}} -> {2n} -> the cycle repeats {{2n}{2n}} -> {{2n}{2n}{2n}{2n}} forming a multinucleate cell
64
What are the 7 main types of Algae?
``` Golden Brown Algae Yellow Green Algae Dinoflagellates Euglenophyta Brown Algae Red Algae Green Algae ```
65
What are the cell walls of Diatoms and Desmids made of? What do humans use it to make?
Silica | Humans use it to make glass
66
The cell walls of Desmids and Diatoms do not compose, therefore what happens when the organisms die?
The "bodies" sink to the bottom and begin to build up over time, forming DIATOMACEOUS EARTH
67
Where is diatomaceous earth found in human products?
Toothpaste Cleansers Gardening Chemicals Road Paint (it's reflective)
68
Does every body of water have the same collection of diatoms?
No, each body of water has a different collection and can be used to solve crimes.
69
What are Golden Brown and Yellow Green Algae made up of?
Diatoms and Desmids
70
Break down the word Dinoflagellates.
"Di" - two "Dino" - terrible "Flagellate" - to whip
71
How do Dinoflagellates move?
Two flagella
72
What is a "red tide"?
A population explosion of dinoflagellates Turns the water a reddish color during these events Kills fish because dinoflagellates make a toxin which makes humans sick as well, it can be fatal Not all dinoflagellates give off toxin

Biology Field & Lab Spring 2014 Koerner (1 decks)

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