test 2 Flashcards

(42 cards)

1
Q

the residents in the area from which an official is elected

A

constituency

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2
Q

a tactic used by members of the senate to prevent action on legislation they oppose by continuously holding the floor and speaking until the majority backs down. unlimited time to speak

A

filibuster

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3
Q

a rule allowing a majority of 2/3 or 3/5 of the members of a legislative body to set a time limit on debate over a given bill. in the us senate, 60 senators must agree in order to impose such a limit

A

cloture

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4
Q

length of house term?

A

2 years

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5
Q

length of senate term?

A

6 years

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6
Q

what are the powers of congress?

A

to tax, to spend, set up lower courts, interstate commerce

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7
Q

Differences b/w the house and senate?

A
  • house-less time to debate, collective agency, size and length, speaker of house more powerful
  • senate-powerful people, more debate, size and length
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8
Q

Why is congress stagnate?

A
  • high levels of people reelected

- Why?-members redraw district lines (for more voters), incumbency power, name recognition, free mail

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9
Q

What are the keys to power in congress?

A
  • party power-control chamber.

- party needs to win most seats, good standing with leaders, right committees, understand rules and procedures.

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10
Q

a representative who votes according to the preferences of his or her constituency

A

delegate

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11
Q

a representative who votes based on what he or she thinks is best for his or her constituency

A

trustee

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12
Q

What are standing committees?

A

they propose and pass legislation

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13
Q

What are some of the responsibilities of congressional leaders?

A
  • decide which bills are most important

- assign members of congress to committees

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14
Q

What is the trend in presidential vetoes since the 50s?

A

declining steadily

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15
Q

a provision by the house rules committee limiting or prohibiting the introduction of amendments during debate

A

closed rule/debate

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16
Q

a provision by the house rules committee that permits floor debate and the addition of new amendments to a bill

A

open rule/debate

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17
Q

a resolution of congress that the president can send troops into action abroad only by authorization of congress, or if amerian troops are already under attack or serious threat

A

war powers resolution

18
Q

an agreement, made between the president and another country, that has the force of a treaty but does not require the senates ‘advice and consent’

A

executive agreement

19
Q

the claim that confidential communications between a president and close advisers would not be revealed without the consent of the president.

A

executive privilege

20
Q

a rule or regulation issued by the president that has the effect and formal status of legislation

A

executive order

21
Q

how does a president build political capital?

A

bully pulpit- go out and tackle issues (top person of gov’t)

22
Q

what is tendency of a presidential popularity?

A

most come in with a lot of support, then support falls later

23
Q

what are the powers granted to the president by constitution or delegated by congress?

A

to enforce law, to appoint justices, head of military

24
Q

what is important issue to maintaining presidential popularity?

A

the economy is connected with the approval rating

25
the complex structure of offices, tasks, rules, and principles of organization that are employed by all large scale institutions to coordinate the work of their personnel.
bureaucracy
26
what do bureaucrats do?
they fill in the blanks by determining how the laws should be implemented.
27
the notice and comment period for bureaucrats
rulemaking
28
adjudication
administrative law judges
29
what is the public administration?
people, process that carry out things. pres cant do everything himself
30
what is the trend in federal civil servant employment
gradually decreasing compared to entire workforce
31
who really controls the PADM?
congress, they control budget
32
what policies receive the largest part of budget?
social security, defense, deficit on our debt-89 percent
33
what do federal executive agencies do?
rulemaking
34
what is the 'iron triangle'?
congress (armed service committee) department of defense, space admin, energy) defense contractors. -cooperative relationship that often develops among a congressional committee, and they just support eachother.
35
the power of the courts to review and, if necessary, declare actions of the legislative and executive branches invalid or unconstitutional
judicial review
36
judicial philosophy whose adherents refuse to go beyond the clear words of the constitution in interpreting the document's meaning. -protect status quo
judicial restraint
37
judicial philosophy that posits that the court should go beyond the words of the constitution or a statute to consider the broader societal implication of its decisions. -overturn expand constitution
judicial activism
38
court to hear an appeal of a lower case
appellate court
39
where are most cases heard?
state trial courts
40
explains its decisions in terms of body of common law
supreme court
41
what are the different types of law?
criminal, civil, public
42
how do cases make it to the USSC?
work your way up to state or fed. four judges have to say yes.