Test 2 Flashcards
(108 cards)
1
Q
Raymond Dart is credited with the discovery of______
A
Australopithecus Africanus
2
Q
Were Australopithicines bipedal ?
A
Yes
3
Q
Robert “Boom Boom” Broom was credited with the discovery of _____
A
Paranthropus Robustus
4
Q
What is considered the cradle (womb) of humankind?
A
Olduvai (Oldupai) Gorge
5
Q
Louis and Mary Leakey were credited with the discovery of ______
A
Australopithecus, now known as ( Paranthropus Boisei)
6
Q
Donald Johanson is credited with the discovery of _____
A
Australopithecus Afarensis
7
Q
the “Genus” Paranthropus includes the species____
A
- Bosei
2. Robustus
8
Q
the “Genus” Australopithecus includes the species _____
A
- Africanus
2. Afarensis
9
Q
Homo Habilis is believed to have made Oldowan tools by _____
A
2.4 MYA
10
Q
Louis and Mary Leaky found Homo Habilis in year______
A
1960
11
Q
Olduvai (oldupai) Gorge is named after the_____
A
Oldupai plant (a wild sisal)
12
Q
Homo Habilis was a _______
A
- bipedal
- meat eater (also ate plants)
- had larger brain than australopithcines
13
Q
Homo Erectus was originally called _______
A
Pithecanthropus Erectus
14
Q
Eugene Dubois is credited with the discovery of ________
A
Homo Erectus
15
Q
where was “Peking Man” found ?
A
Dragon Bone Hill (Choukoutien)
16
Q
Peking man was thought to hunt or exploit up to how many kinds of animals?
A
96 different mammals
17
Q
what happened to the Homo Erectus specimens?
A
lost in 1941 (due to war)
18
Q
roughly 70% of food bone at Choukoutien came from what animal?
A
deer
19
Q
Roughly 40% of the skeletons at Choukoutien were _____
A
sub-adult
20
Q
Choukoutien is the name for what excavation site?
A
Dragon Bone Hill
21
Q
Which different species remains can be found at Olduvai Gorge? (3 of them)
A
- Paranthropus Boisei
- Homo Habilis
- Homo Erectus
22
Q
At different times “bosei” remains have been assigned to the genus of (3 of them)
A
- Zinjanthropus
- Australopithecus
- Paranthropus (current genus)
23
Q
Homo Erectus tools are called_______
A
Acheulean tools
24
Q
Did Homo Erectus, Homo Habilis, and the Australopithicines ever leave Africa?
A
yes
25
What group of people may have the world's longest unbroken culture?
Australian Aborigines
26
How long does it appear Australian Aborigines have been in Australia?
over 40,000 years
27
What is the Didgeridu?
a musical instrument that may connect you with the past
28
How long ago does Australian Aborigine cave art date back too?
30,000 years ago, roughly
29
Male Neandertals had a cranial capacity on average of ______
1550 cc's
*which is greater than ours today*
30
Neandertals tools are known as______
Mousterian tools
31
who/what are credited with the ?
1. first burials
2. successful surgeries
Neandertals
32
Some Neandertal DNA can be found in ?
modern humans
33
Who tracks elephant poaching in Africa?
National Geographic "Warlords of Ivory"
34
Up to how many African Elephants are slaughtered every year for their tusks?
30,000
35
The poached ivory is sold for?
weapons used by terrorists (like ISIS and others) to kill europeans, africans, americans, and others
36
How long have the Hadzabe been hunter/gatherers for?
10,000 years
37
The Iraqw used to live in underground houses because ?
to hide/protect from raiding Maasai tribe and others
38
Are the Maasai hunter/gathers and always have been?
no
39
The Datooga are mainly known for their skill in _______
metalworking
*make bracelets and spoons and arrows they can identify as their own*
40
What is the Great American Triade (the three sisters)?
1. corn
2. beans
3. squash
41
Corn was domesticated from _____
Teosinte
42
Who named and explained the "Oases Theory"?
V. Gordon Childe
43
Is agriculture much more labor intensive than food foraging?
yes
44
an example of a obligatory cultigen is ______
corn
45
What is an obligatory cultigen?
must be cultivated
46
What is Teosinte?
a non-obligatory cultigen, ancestor of corn
47
Kur Virus
like mad cow disease in humans, people go crazy, lose control of muscles, can't hold up themselves
48
Loess "Lus" is____
organic soil, rich in nutrients
49
Bronze Age
5000 B.C.
- wine traded
- vinegar (aged wine) drank like gatorade by romans
- central gov't
- taxes were 1st written record
- food storage, navigation, social stratification used
50
how many times sharper than a razor are obsidian tools?
500x sharper
51
first animal domesticated by humans ?
dog
52
first animal to go to space?
dog
53
australian aborgines smoked_____
tobacco
54
do food foragers still exist today?
yes
55
What is carrying capacity?
largest number of people an environment can sustain under a certain set of conditions
56
the people of Ali Kosh exploited a wide range of _________
ecological zones
57
location of first cities?
Mesopatamia
58
1st hominid to leave Africa?
Homo Erectus
59
of people at Ali Kosh, during one time?
100
60
the "new world settlement" was ____
Tehucan Valley
61
What type of hominid was lucy?
Australopithecus Afarensis
62
How many years have humans been using fire oppurtunistically?
1.5 MYA
63
How many years have humans been able to control fire?
600,000 years
64
How many years have humans been domesticators?
50,000 years
65
who developed the osteodontokeratic tool use theory?
Raymond Dart
66
the osteodontokeratic tool use theory is?
australopithecus used bone and horn animal implements to hunt animals. they may have also been cannabalistic eating other australopithecus's
67
what is the "Tuang Baby" also known as "Tuang Child"?
fossilized skull of a Australopithecus Africanus? founded by Raymond Dart in 1924
68
Lucy
Australopithecus Afarensis founded Donald Johanson in 1974
- known as "first human" dated as old a 2.9 MYA
- she is 40% of fossil remains of a female
- found in Hadar, Ethiopia
69
First Neanderthal remains were found in _______
1856
in Neander Valley
70
years since people of the Tehucan valley lived?
7000-1000 BC
exploited peanuts,potatoes, pineapples,chillies, corn, choclate
71
what is a manuport?
something moved by human hands
72
Mictlan is the ________
"land of the dead" known by Aztecs
73
possible evidence of religion in Neanderthals may include?
1. burial of the dead
2. use of red ochre in burials
3. flower pollens in grave
74
what is the Neolithic revolution?
the switch between food foragers to domesticators
11000-5000 YA
75
is children dying proof to the yanamamo that their magic works?
yes
76
what are Yanamamo micro movements based on?
garden plots
77
what is La Chapelle?
type site for Neanderthal morphology , known a the "old man"
- found neaderthal skull in 1908
- skull was about 60,000 years old
78
"maize" is another name for ______
corn
79
the people of Ali Kosh lived in the persian gulf around________
7500-5500 BC
80
linear culture existed about ______
6000-3800 BC
81
the people of the Tehuacan Valley lived around _____
7000-1000BC
82
who was a "man called Bee"?
Napoleon Chagnon
83
The skeleton of Australopithecus Africanus is most similar to the skeleton of ______
Homo Habillis
84
The skeleton of Homo Floresiensis is most closely related to the skeleton of _______
Homo Erectus
85
Terra Amata is a __________ site in France?
Homo Erectus
86
what was found in Gilbrater in 1848?
Homo Sapiens Neandertalensis
87
The earliest known tools are _______
Oldowan tools (stone)
- used by Homo Habilis
- beginning of lower paleolithic (2.4-2.5 MYA)
88
Homo Erectus credited with?
1. first to control fire (600,000 YA)
2. 1st to leave Africa
3. Cannibalism
89
Culture can override _____
biology
90
Knowledge is _____
power
91
one major problem with the rise of cities is____
pollution of water, air, and land
92
can domestication lead to increased size of edible parts?
yes
93
Yanamamo housing placement based on? (2 of them)
1. kinship
| 2. family ties
94
in Australia which bird is known as the good father?
the lotus bird
95
Arunta people?
aboriginals that see no connection between sex and the creation of a new human
-boys go through "right of passage" where they get circumsized and front teeth knocked out to represent the EMU
96
Dobu people?
- men take of the baby when mother is pregnant by having sex 30-40 times a day
- week baby is sign of men not fucking wives enough to "feed the baby" during pregnancy
- women eat one food and do nothing when pregnant
97
Dobu men must _______
"be as strong as a lion", if a dobu man cannot kill the lion his friends kill him for his weakness
- give lion heart to mom
- give tanned skin of lion to kid when it grows up
98
Ashanti people?
- women don't have sex when pregnant
| - if baby is born weak it is fathers fault for having sex with mom when pregnant and stealing babies food
99
Couvade
where father ritually gives birth in public as mother gives birth in private
-practiced in spain
100
Athabascan People?
men could not touch women during first period of they lose hunting abilities
101
Apache People?
father kills albino deer for daughters first period to make a dress
- men leave and women throw a big celebration for 10 days
- shaman come from all over to touch girl since she is in a state of ritual impurity
102
Do women get circumcized in egypt?
yes, if they want to be a woman and get married
103
how to africa boys get circumcized?
stand in front of village , if they scream out they remain boys in eyes of tribe
104
What group of people use "Bush school" as right of passage?
Mano People
105
Maasai people?
known for stealing cattle (cattle are bank account)
- men drink cattle blood
- women drink cattle milk
- new adults wear face paint
106
Hadzabe people?
lived in Tanzania for 10,000 as hunter/gathers
- use poison arrows
- kill daily food in morning
107
Iraqw people?
lived in Tanzania for last 1,000 years
| -lived underground to avoid Maasai raids
108
Datooga people?
lived in Tanzania since 1,500 AD
