Test 2

Question 1

Cell Fractionation

Answer 1

Takes cells apart and separates major organelles and other subcellular structures from one another.

Question 2

Cytosol

Answer 2

a semifluid, jellylike substance, which subcellular components are suspended.

Question 3

Prokaryotic Cells

Answer 3

The DNA is concentrated in a region that is not membrane enclosed called nucleoid.

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

The inner part of the cell.

Question 5

Plasma Membrane

Answer 5

Functions as a selective barrier that allows passage of enough oxygen, nutrients, and waste to service the entire cell.

Question 6

Nuclear Envelope

Answer 6

encloses the nocuous, separating its contents from the cytoplasm.

Question 7

Nuclear Lamina

Answer 7

A netlike array of protein filaments that maintains the shape of nucleus by mechanically supporting the nuclear envelope.

Question 8

Chromatin

Answer 8

The complex of DNA and proteins making up chrisoms is called chromatin.

Question 9

Nucleolus

Answer 9

Contains DNA

Question 10

Ribosomes

Answer 10

made of ribosomal DNA and protein, they are the cellular components that carry out protein synthesis.

Question 11

Smooth ER

Answer 11

It carries out synthesis of lipid, metabolism of carbohydrates, detoxification of drugs poisons and storage of calcium ions.

Question 12

Rough ER

Answer 12

synthesizes Proteins

Question 13

Glycoproteins

Answer 13

Proteins with carbohydrates covalently bonded to them

Question 14

Transport Vesical

Answer 14

Vesicles in transit from one part of the cell to another part of the cell.

Question 15

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 15

Here products of the ER such as proteins are modified and stored and then sent to other destinations.

Question 16

Lysosome

Answer 16

a membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes that many eukaryotic cells use to digest (hydrolyze) macromolecules

Question 17

Phagocytosis

Answer 17

when a cell eats a smaller organism or food particle by engulfing it.

Question 18

Vacuoles

Answer 18

storage for the cell

Question 19

Central Vacuole

Answer 19

found in plant cells, it develops by the coalescence of smaller vacuoles.

Question 20

Mitochondria

Answer 20

Sites of cellular respiration

Question 21

Chloroplast

Answer 21

found it plants and algae and is the site of photosynthesis

Question 22

Endosymbiont theory

Answer 22

States that mitochondria used not to be in plant and animals cells until a long tome ago.

Question 23

Cristae

Answer 23

The inner membrane of the of mitochondria that divides the mitochondria into two internal compartments.

Question 24

Mitochondrial Matrix

Answer 24

Is the space enclosed in the inner membrane.

Question 25

Thylakoid

Answer 25

interconnected sacs where photosynthesis takes place.

Question 26

Granum

Answer 26

A stack of thylakoids

Question 27

stroma

Answer 27

Fluid inside chloroplast.

Question 28

Peroxisome

Answer 28

a specialized metabolic compartment bounded to a single membrane.

Question 29

Microtubules

Answer 29

hollow rods constructed from a globular proteins called tubulin.

Question 30

Centrosomes

Answer 30

microtubules grow out from a centrosome, a regions that is often near the nucleus .

Question 31

Centrioles

Answer 31

Each composed of nine sets of triplet microtubules arranged into a ring.

Question 32

Motion of flagella

Answer 32

A flagellum usually undulates, its snakes like motion driving a cell in the same direction as the axis of the flagellum

Question 33

Motion of Cilia

Answer 33

Back and forth motion.

Question 34

basal body

Answer 34

the microtubule assembly of a cilium or flagellum is structurally very similar to a centriole, w/ microtubule tripulets in a 9+0

Question 35

Dyneins

Answer 35

Bending involves these, that are attached ailing each outer microtubule doublet.

Question 36

Microfilaments

Answer 36

aha actin filaments, are solid rods

Question 37

Cortex

Answer 37

the semisolid consistency of a gel in contrast with the more fluid state of the interior cytoplasm.

Question 38

Myosin

Answer 38

interact to cause contractions of muscle cells

Question 39

Pesudopodia

Answer 39

the cell crawling along a surface by extending cellular extensions called pesudopodia

Question 40

Cytoplasmic streaming

Answer 40

a circular flow of cytoplasm within a cell

Question 41

Intermediate filaments

Answer 41

a diverse class of cytoskeletion

Question 42

Cell wall

Answer 42

an extracellular structure of plant cells

Question 43

Secondary Cell wall

Answer 43

Between plasma membrane and primary cell wall

Question 44

extra cellular matrix

Answer 44

things ouside the cell

Question 45

collagen

Answer 45

forms srong fibers outside the cell, woven in between proteoglycnas

Question 46

Fibronectin

Answer 46

bind to cell surface receptors called integrins that are built into the plasma membrain

Question 47

Tight junctions

Answer 47

"sticky note"

Question 48

Desmosomes

Answer 48

"E-mail"

Question 49

Gap Junction

Answer 49

"Facebook Status"