Test 2

Question 1

What is basso continuo?

Answer 1

a technique where improvised chords are added to a bass line

Question 2

What is figured bass?

Answer 2

a set of symbols written above or below bass line to help keyboardists see bass line

Question 3

What is walking bass?

Answer 3

every note in the bass line is the same length

Question 4

What is ground bass?

Answer 4

bass line in which the succession of pitches repeat over and over

Question 5

What is a fugue?

Answer 5

highly structured with non-stop polyphony

Question 6

What is the exposition of a fugue?

Answer 6

begins with main melody sounded by a single voice

Question 7

What is the subject?

Answer 7

The Voice One that starts a fugue

Question 8

What is a bridge?

Answer 8

extra musical material to stretch the piece out

Question 9

What is the episode?

Answer 9

After the exposition and the last voice is done we have the episode. Reworking of whats already done

Question 10

What are fugal devices?

Answer 10

Retrograde
Inversion
Retrogrde Inversion
Diminution
Augmentation
Fragmentation

Question 11

What is ritornello form?

Answer 11

initial music material is presented by a group of instruments, then solo, then group..

Question 12

What is French overture?

Answer 12

piece of music that begins a multi-movement composition. French is from AB

Question 13

What is da capo aria?

Answer 13

a song in three sections. ABA.2nd time with A the singer improvises

Question 14

What are castrati?

Answer 14

men who were castrated before puberty in order to prevent their voices from dropping pitch

Question 15

define concerto and concerto grosso

Answer 15

concerto features a soloist and an orchestra, grosso has more soloists

Question 16

What is cadenza?

Answer 16

moment in concerto where the soloist improvises for as long as they want

Question 17

What is a piano reduction?

Answer 17

a piano arrangement for an orchestral score

Question 18

What is a suite?

Answer 18

A multi-movement where the first movement is introduction and rest are based on dances

Question 19

What is a sonata?

Answer 19

domestic genre to be played in homes, most baroque are solo sonatas

Question 20

What is a trio sonata?

Answer 20

performed in home, two higher players and basso’s

Question 21

What is an Opera?

Answer 21

a genre where a story is told through singing and acting

Question 22

What is a libretto?

Answer 22

Used to write opera’s. IT means little book and is text for an opera

Question 23

What is opera seria?

Answer 23

a serious opera, usually had to do with highly influential history

Question 24

What is opera buffa?

Answer 24

comic opera, usually depicts a servant overcoming a master

Question 25

What is a recitative?

Answer 25

section in an opera where narration is done by a solo singer, or dialougue is sung between multiple singers

Question 26

What is secco recitative?

Answer 26

speech life, accompanied by sparse chords

Question 27

What is accompanied recitative?

Answer 27

accompaniment from the continuo player and orchestra

Question 28

Wat is an aria?

Answer 28

section in an opera where a solo singer reflects on his emotions for a plot

Question 29

What is an ensemble?

Answer 29

more than one singer, highly melodic and repetitive

Question 30

What is a chorus?

Answer 30

musical number for a large group of singers

Question 31

What is oratorio?

Answer 31

similar to an opera but tells a sacred story

Question 32

What is a chorale?

Answer 32

same thing as a hymn

Question 33

What is a chorale prelude?

Answer 33

arrangement of a chorale for a solo organ

Question 34

What is a cantata?

Answer 34

sacred, short musical presentation in Luthern church service

Question 35

Who is Johann Sebastian Bach?

Answer 35

Baroque composer, blind, wrote mostly for Lutheran church

Question 36

Who was Handel?

Answer 36

wrote mostly in operas and oratorio

Question 37

What is a sonata of classical era?

Answer 37

3 parts, exposition, development and recapitulation

Question 38

What is the 1st theme?

Answer 38

simple melody with homophonic support

Question 39

What is the bridge?

Answer 39

purpose is a transition from tonic key to closely related key

Question 40

What is the cadence theme?

Answer 40

simple melody in new key, ends with solid cadential chord

Question 41

What is the retransition?

Answer 41

takes the piece from development to recapitulation

Question 42

What is a coda?

Answer 42

added at end of recapitulation, means tail, repeats the tonic

Question 43

What is variation form?

Answer 43

form that begins with the main melody and followed by numerious variations of the theme

Question 44

What is minuet form?

Answer 44

evolved from Baroque dance. triple meter ABA

Question 45

/what is scherzo?

Answer 45

similar to minuet, at end of classical era, faster, more freedom

Question 46

What is Rondo Form?

Answer 46

allows the most freedom

Question 47

What is sonata-rondo form?

Answer 47

hybrid of sonata and rondo

Question 48

What is a classical symphony?

Answer 48

multi movement work for orchestra

Question 49

What is a classical concerto?

Answer 49

same as Baroque: composition for soloist with orchestra

Question 50

What plays in a classical sonata?

Answer 50

multi-movement solo for piano or duo with piano and other orchestral instrument

Question 51

What is a string quartet?

Answer 51

chamber genre, any combination of four strings

Question 52

What is a piano trio?

Answer 52

work for piano and two other orchestral instruments

Question 53

What is a wind quartet?

Answer 53

work for five wind instruments, flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon and horn

Question 54

What is classical opera?

Answer 54

same as that of Baroque

Question 55

What is a singspiel?

Answer 55

a german opera where spoken dialogue take the place of recitative numbers