Test 2

Question 1

Constitution

Answer 1

A body of fundamental principles by which a state is governed

Question 2

De Jure

Answer 2

Legally speaking, in law

Question 3

De Facto

Answer 3

In fact or reality

Question 4

Polity

Answer 4

A politically constituted unit, such as a state or other organized body

Question 5

Types of State Displacement

Answer 5

Revolution, Military defeat & post war occupation, Independence from colonial rule, Collapse of existing state

Question 6

Codified Constitution

Answer 6

A constitution which is contained in a single document and is the sole source of supreme law in a state

Question 7

Stability

Answer 7

Need to quickly establish a governing ‘rule set’ to avoid anarchy

Question 8

Legitimacy

Answer 8

Need to pursue widespread acceptance of these new rules

Question 9

Demarcation

Answer 9

Need to fundamentally distinguish new state from the former one

Question 10

Uncodified Constitution

Answer 10

A constitution comprised of multiple sources, which may be written or unwritten (such as traditions) that collectively serve as a governing formula

Question 11

Entrenched Constitution

Answer 11

Constitutional law is recognized as supreme and given protections (i.e. ‘extraordinary’ amendment requirements) not afforded to other types of laws (i.e. codified systems)

Question 12

Un-entrenched Constitution

Answer 12

Constitutional laws are not recognized as difference or supreme can thus be modified as easily as statutory laws (i.e. uncodified systems)

Question 13

Entrenchment

Answer 13

The legal procedures established to govern the modification of a constitution

Question 14

Statutory Law

Answer 14

Law set down by a state’s legislature

Question 15

Parliamentary Sovereignty

Answer 15

A doctrine stipulating that acts passed by parliament are the supreme and final sources of law

Question 16

United Kingdom (four constituent elements)

Answer 16

England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland

Question 17

Anti-Social Behavior Order (ASBO)

Answer 17

An especially far reaching ability of government to slap a sort of heavy-duty restraining order on people for being “anti-social”

Question 18

UK Parliament

Answer 18

Bicameral, but both chambers are not created equal

Question 19

UK Parliament Upper House

Answer 19

House of Lords (indirectly elected or appointed, suspensive veto authority)

Question 20

UK Parliament Lower House

Answer 20

House of Commons (directly elected, granted full veto power, nearly always designates the executive)

Question 21

Suspensive Veto

Answer 21

The ability to force reconsideration of legislation passed by another body, but not stop it

Question 22

Peer

Answer 22

a member of the British House of Lords (appointed by Queen/Prime Minister)

Question 23

Life Peerages

Answer 23

Granted to individuals who serve until their death

Question 24

Hereditary Peerages

Answer 24

Given to families and can be passed on

Question 25

Concentration of Power in Westminster-Style Systems

Answer 25

Parliamentary Sovereignty, The Majority cannot be overridden, The 'Government' controls the legislative agenda, The Prime Minister 'guides' the Government

Question 26

Party Manifesto

Answer 26

An explicit statement of policies a party will enact if it wins a majority of seats available in a parliamentary election

Question 27

Devolution

Answer 27

The transfer of powers and functions from a higher to a lower (national to subnational) level of government without constitutional change

Question 28

Criticisms of Devolution

Answer 28

Lack of Parity, Weaking of National Sovereignty, Increasing tensions between regions

Question 29

Control Order

Answer 29

Policy allowing UK to sharply restrict a person's liberties on the 'suspicion' that they pose a terrorist threat to the public

Question 30

Habeas Corpus

Answer 30

The right not to be held without charge

Question 31

Due Process

Answer 31

The right to trial and to challenge evidence brought against you

Question 32

Double Jeopardy

Answer 32

The right not to be tried more than once for the same crime

Question 33

Irish Republicans

Answer 33

Those who advocate unification of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland

Question 34

Unionists

Answer 34

Those in Northern Ireland who wish to remain part of the United Kingdom

Question 35

The Troubles

Answer 35

A period of armed hostilities between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland during the 1960s - 1990s

Question 36

Irish Republican Army (IRA)

Answer 36

A parliamentary organization fighting to end British rule in Northern Ireland

Question 37

Internment

Answer 37

The confinement without trial or charge of groups of people on the suspicion that they pose a security threat

Question 38

Good Friday Agreement

Answer 38

A 1998 peace treaty designed to end hostilities between Republican and Unionist parties and parliamentaries

Question 39

Decommissioning

Answer 39

The process of voluntary disarmament by parliaments in Northern Ireland as part of the peace process