Test #2 Flashcards
(84 cards)
1
Q
4 fold community
A
- bhisku
- bhikshuni
- upasakas
- upasikas
2
Q
5 precepts
A
- killing
- stealing
- improper sexuality
- lying
- alcohol
3
Q
who follows just the 5 precepts?
A
upasakas or upasikas
4
Q
bhikshu
A
monks
5
Q
bhikshuni
A
nuns
6
Q
two types of monks
A
- novices= shramanera
2. fully ordained
7
Q
10 precepts
A
first 5 of 5
- eating after noon
- dancing, singing, music, shows
- wearing garlands, perfumes, cosmetics
- lying on high or luxurious beds
- handling gold or silver
*followed by shramaneras
8
Q
what do the fully ordained monks follow?
A
10 precepts + pratimoksha
can go back to lay person if desired
9
Q
can’t eat meat if
A
it was seen
it was heard
it was suspected
10
Q
3 refuges
A
in order to become buddhist, take refuge in the following:
- Buddha
- Dharma
- Sangha
11
Q
pratimoksha
A
list of rules governing monastics
227 rules for monks
250 rules for nuns
12
Q
parajika
A
follow these parts of the pratimiksha or get kicked out:
- no having sex
- no killing a human
- no falsely claiming religious attainments
- no stealing
found in the vinaya
13
Q
sangha
A
monastic community of bhikshus and bhikshunis
14
Q
other less important pratimoksha rules
A
what robes to wear, how big your hut can be, procedural rules about who can be ordained
15
Q
nagas
A
cant be ordained
16
Q
bhikshunis (nuns)
A
follow the 8 heavy rules
17
Q
8 heavy rules
A
rules in addition to the pratimoksha and precepts that subordinate nuns to monks
18
Q
to ordain nuns
A
need to have nuns present, none can currently be ordained
died out in 11th century
19
Q
10 precept nuns
A
women that still want to be nuns that devote their lives to religious practices, follow the 10 precepts even though they cant be ordinated
20
Q
great schism
A
the split of buddhism into two original schools: mahasanghika and sthavira
21
Q
mahasanghika
A
“Great Sangha”
“Great Assembly”
22
Q
Sthavira
A
“Elders”
23
Q
nikayas
A
schools of Buddhism
18
24
Q
tripitika
A
texts of Buddhism, the “3 baskets”
- sutrapitika
- vinayapitika
- abhisharmapitikia
was passed down orally, written down in 1st or 2nd century BCE
25
sutrapitika
sutras
dialogues between people and the buddha
~9000 exist
longest is 50p
26
vinayapitika
vinaya
| rules and the stories of how these rules formed
27
abhidharmapitika
abhidharma
| buddha philosophy
28
anada
Buddha's disciple with an amazing memory, second in the lineage of patriachs (?)
repeated the Buddha's teachings to the monks
29
Theravada
school of Buddhism
in Sri Lanka, Burma/Myanmar, Thailand/Siam
said to preserve the Sthavira school
30
Mahayana Buddhism
"the great vehicle"
| one of 2/3 currently-existant branches of Buddhism
31
main aspects of Mahayana
1. sense of limitations /incompleteness in early Buddhism
| 2. important of the bodhisattva
32
bodhisattva
person destined to become a Buddha in a future life
| train by learning everything about everything
33
Dipamkana Buddha
predicted a braham would be the next Budda and gave him prediction
34
Jataka story
stories of the Buddha's life as a bodhisattva
35
2 criteria to be a bodhisattva
1. make a vow to be a Bod in Buddha's presence
| 2. have the Buddha's prediction
36
UNO
PM of Burma post WWII
claimed to be vowed to be a bohisattva
as PM, evaluated Buddhist texts, made Buddhism the state religion and outlawed killing cattle
earned merit for his actions
37
act of truth
determines if someones a Bodhisattva
38
Mahayana sutras
1st c BCE
expanded teachings- new worlds, philosophies, stories of bodhisattva
the secret teachings previously revealed to bodhisattvas, oriented toward them
EVERYONE WHOP BELIEVES IN THESE TEXTS IS A BODHISATTVA
39
two theories of the start of mahayana
1. compassion/lay-origin
| 2. hard core ascetic/forest
40
the wrong question
why would people willingly undertake the long hard path of the bodhisattva?
41
compassion/lay-origin
people wanted to become bodhisattva to help others
| motivated in selflessness, for the well-being of others
42
hardcore ascetic/forest theory
wanted to gain the highest honour is Buddhism
| largest sum of merit would come from being a bodhisattva/Buddha so it was worth it for that reason
43
bodhisattva path
```
10 stages:
1. first thought of attaining buddhahood
2-7
8. prediction and vow
9-10
```
44
but, why was the original question the wrong one?
1. headstart
2. shortcuts
it is not a hard path to buddhahood due to these things
45
headstart
text-based
| if you read Mahayana texts, you start at the 8th step of 10 on the bodhisattva path
46
shortcuts
1. anumodana
2. text-based shortcuts
3. pure-land practices
47
anumodana
rejoicing
shortcut of the bodhisattva path
make good karma by rejoicing at the good deeds of others
i.e. picture all the merit of all the Buddhas in the world
48
Tushita heaven
aim to make enough merit to get reborn here, and then born as Buddha in the next
49
text-based shortcuts
memorize Mahayana texts, listen to them being read, pay for its production
generates a lot of karma
50
pure-land practices
different worlds with buddhas in them
| specifically special worlds
51
sukhavati
pure land, "land of pleasure"
| Buddha there is named Amitabha/Amitayus
52
Amitabha
"unlimited splendour"
53
Amitayus
"unlimited life"
54
Amitabha/Amitayus
vowed his land would be full of luxury
| no sun in the world because he would radiate enough light
55
2 ways to make rapid progress to Buddhahood there
1. magical power if born there to travel to other Buddha lands and get merit
2. you can hear any sutra you want to hear
56
how do you get born there?
call amitayus 10 times
memorize text
follow the precepts
57
2 things mahayana sutras cover?
1. idea of bodhisattva
| 2. Buddha's secret teachings, oriented toward bodhisattva
58
dharmabhanakas
revealers of the texts, special mahayana preachers
| claimed to be the bodhisattvas that died after the buddha told them the secret teachings
59
Chinese mahayana monks follow
Dharmaguptika tradition
60
Tibetan mahayana monks follow
Mulasarvastivada tradition
61
Mahayana is in which countries:
China, East Asia, Tibet
62
Theravada is in which countries:
Sri Lanka, Thailand, Burma/Myanmar
63
shastras
analytic texts- raising q's and answering them
other Buddhist sects wrote shastras but newer to Mahayana, followed sutras
attempt to create precise, systemic doctrines
64
nagarjuna
"the second Buddha"
composed the first shastras
created the school MADHYAMAKA (the middle school)
referred to as the "refutation of all views"
65
middle way
recognizing the dharmas are truly existant but items like tables/chairs conventionally exist
66
Dravyasat
"ultimately/truly existant"
eg. dharmas
67
Samvrtisat
"conventionally existant"
only exists as matter of thing people agree on
eg. table, chairs, people etc.
68
emptiness
shunyata
becomes samvrtisat with our mind
directly recognizing empitness, can put an end to delusion
69
samvrtisat in madhyamaka
tables, chairs, people + DHARMAS
70
2 truths of the middle way
1. ultimate
| 2. convention
71
svabhava
idea that Dharmas have own existance
denied by Madhyamaka- said we cannot understand reality with our minds
72
yogacara
school?
mind only, everything is just mind
say something is empty and therefore must be empty of something
believe we perceive the same things with different minds because we have the same karma
in emptiness there is ONLY mind
73
tathagatagarbha
3rd to 4th century
influential in Zen and Tibetan buddhism
mind of clear lit
74
tathagata
term used to refer to the Buddha
| "the thus come on"
75
garbha
embryo or womb
76
Zen/Chan buddhism
form of Chinese Buddhism
77
DT Suzuki
most influential scholar of Buddhism
came to the World Parliament of Religions
came with Zen Master Soyen Shaku
wrote "Essays in Zen Buddhism", 3 volumes
lead in getting people to see Buddhism as religion of enlightenment/mediation/looking inward instead of rational system of morality
said zen represents the true essence of Buddhism, and true origin
78
Dhyana
meditation in Sanskrit
| original name of zen
79
main elements of zen
1. meditation
2. enlightenment= psychological change, change how we see the world. comes from meditation, enlightened persons would have personal powers
80
lineage of patriarchs
direct lineage of teachers in zen that goes back to the time of buddha
buddha appointed successor in secret- MAHAKASHYAPA
81
MAHAKASHYAPA
smiled when Buddha picked up flower, everyone else was confused
so Buddha transmitted hum the Dharma
82
the lineage: numbered
1. Mahakashyapa
2. anada
......
28. bodhidharma (1st patriach in china)
83
lineage in china
1. bodhidharma
2. hu-ko
...
6. hui-heng= transferred Dharma to many
84
2 claims to defend that religion wasn't irrelevant
1. religion is/was the sphere or ethics
2. religion could give a unique experience
i. e. contemplative prayer to obtain profound religious experience in Christianity
