Test 2 Flashcards
(37 cards)
1
Q
- Primary autism
A
1st month of life
- equivalent to freud’s primary narcissism
- no recognition of any external object that is the agent of satisfaction
- conditional hallucinatory omnipotence
- midway thru–beginning to recognize someone other that self exists
- but still very egocentric
2
Q
- Normal symbiosis
A
2 months thru 4 months of age
- child’s autistic shell begins to crack (child is growing)
- still limited ability to differentiate between their efforts and the efforts of external agent to reduce tension
- very strong emotional attachment to mother
- child begins to experience mother as separate entity
- what is the significance of mother’s holding…feeding…touching…talking…smiling…have on the child? “I am a person of value and worth…or the opposite”
3
Q
conditional hallucinatory omnipotence
A
“Unreal belief that i’m all powerful, i’m the sustaining person keeping myself alive”
4
Q
- 1st sub-phase
A
differentiation and development of body image-5 thru 9 months
- hatching from shell-what is this? How does this differ from cracking? Coming out of shell
- child emerging as a perceptually aware individual
- early attempts to break away and separate from mother
- great deal of time exploring world
5
Q
indiscriminant
A
- 0 to 5 months
- what is this? Willing to go to anybody, strangers, new people…
6
Q
selective
A
- 5-10 months
- stranger anxiety-what is this? apprehension/anxiety when in presence of other people, hold onto mom when being given to other people, never take eyes off of stranger
7
Q
Multiple attachments
A
> 10 months
-what is this? More willing to go to multiple people
8
Q
secure attachment
A
- what are they? Level of comfort with others in the world
- how do they develop? consistency/ lack of love caring, nurturing …
- impact? Developing secure attachment, more willing to take chances, having a sense of hope, know that it is going to be okay
9
Q
avoidant attachment
A
- difficulty attaching to other people
- fear of isolation
- envious jealous
- frequent promiscuous sexual relationships, sex=love
10
Q
anxious ambivalent
A
- mom was caring sometimes and sometimes wasnt
- ”sometimes i feel good sometimes i dont”
- willingness to trust but then fear of betrayal/abandonment
- envious, jealousy
- sexual relations, love=sex
- feels the person getting too close and they pull away
- franks cat story
11
Q
-4. Practicing sub-phase
A
10 thru 14 months
- what is happening during this time period? What is the child now able to do?
- language tremendous increases in language
- locomotion tremendous increase
- cognitive ability tremendous increases - ego is now capable of reality testing
- child now focuses on inanimate object-examples? Toys, play time, imagination
- but mother is still object of central focus mom is still the thing im attached to to
12
Q
-5. Rapproachment
A
14 months - 2 years
- what is happening during this time period? What is the child now able to go? - >language-receptive and expressive - >locomotion - >cognitive ability-what does that allow for? - child becomes m0re aware of separation from mother - child now more independent - increased sensitivity to moms absence - how does child react to this? As i become more aware, i am ready to separate and it creates anxiety so i reconnect to mom again - approximately 21 months of age-oedipal crisis - mahler embraces the freudian model on this - splitting-what is it? What does it allow a child to do? Get out frustration
13
Q
-6. Separation and individuation
A
2nd thru 4rd years
-emotional object constancy-what is it? For this to occur, what must be in place? Even tho moms not here, i know she still loves me wherever she is
- trust
- ego can now tolerate anxiety associated with separation and and can individuate… i am me… can deal with anxiety associated with separation, i can begin my own journey
14
Q
Margaret Mahler
A
Bridge theorists between analytic and object relations theories-what does this mean?
- tied to drive reduction - embraces the importance of early mother/father/child interactions - Major areas of focus-attachment and separation - makes distinction between truly autistic children and symbiotically psychotic
15
Q
autistic children
A
no ability to use mother as auxiliary ego
16
Q
symbiotically psychotic children
A
attachment is too fused
17
Q
most critical stage for ericcsons theory?
A
FIVE
18
Q
ERIK ERICKSON
A
- freudian analyst-trained by anna freud
- psychosocial theory of development
- expands the functions and capacities of ego
- sometimes referred to as the creative ego
- trust…hope…autonomy…will…industry
- recognizes and stresses importance of social…historical…and cultural factors-how so?
- expands developmental process-when does development/growth end?
19
Q
to have healthy development-what must occur?
A
Positive and negative aspect have to occur but positive has to be more dominant
20
Q
virtue?
A
ego strengths
21
Q
ritualization?
A
socially accepted forms of behaviors and interactions
22
Q
ritualism?
A
rigid…perverted…negative forms of behaviors and interactions
23
Q
weaning-what is it? Why is it important?
A
-mom leaving (work…another pregnancy/child…intimacy with partner…resumption of own life)
24
Q
-what is the hazard if weaning is not handled properly?
A
Acute infantile depression
-state of mourning…reflecting on the better days
25
Stage 1- trust vs mistrust
1st year of life
mother/child interactions are critical
- virtue: hope-what is it?
- belief that losses, failure...etc...will not be overwhelming
- ritualization: numinous-what is it? Healthy reverence for mom, mom is an all special powerful being
- how is this seen? Feeding...holding...caring...touching...acceptance...etc
- what are potential outcomes of above?
- love...care...trust...etc
- if not?estrangement...abandonment...etc
- ritualism: idolism-what is it?
- idolatrous/hero like worship of another
26
stage 2-autonomy vs shame and doubt
2 years of life
- time to learn of the Do’s… donts...expectations...obligations...rights...privileges
- time of greater autonomy...freedom...exploration...how come?
- child learns to accept control from others… and to control self
- virtue-will
- strength to make decisions...assert self...etc
- ritualization judicious-what is it?
- child learns to differentiate between right and wrong… that which is or is not acceptable
- ritualism: legalism-what is it?
- victory of the letter of law over the spirit...punish others...humiliate others...etc… just for the pleasure of it…
27
stage 3: initiative vs guilt
3rd-5th years of life
- >language
- >locomotion
- >cognitive/perceptual abilities
- >exploration of environment
- >capacity to plan and establish goals
- virtue: purpose-what is it?
- courage to pursue goals uninhibited by fear of punishment and guilt
- Ritualization authenticity or dramatic-what is it?
- i am who i am… i can be what i want to be…
- ritualism: impersonation-what is it?
- presentation to other that which is not representative of true personality
28
Stage 4- industry vs inferiority
- danger/crisis-inferiority
- unwillingness to take chances/risks
- fear of failure
- virtue: competence-what is it? Completion of tasks unimpaired by feelings of inferiority
- ritualization: formality- what is it? Learning to perform tasks in a proper way
- ritualism: formalism- what is it? Empty...meaningless behaviors...activity...without purpose…
29
Stage 5- identity vs identity confusion (adolescence)
- failure of person to establish stable identity
- feelings of isolation...emptiness...anxiousness...indecisiveness…
- if negative identity is formed, sometimes adolescents make vindictive choices in an attempt to not only be harmful, but also to regain control
- virtue: fidelity-what is it?
- ability to sustain loyalties…
- what previous virtue is needed for this to be possible? Trust
- ritualization: ideology-what is it?
- incorporation of all previous ritualizations into a coherent set of ideals
- ritualism: totalism-what is it?
- total commitment to cause couple with the loss oneself
30
stage 6- intimacy vs isolation
person is prepared to unite identify with another
- seek partnerships
- affiliation with others
- intimacy with others
Virtue: Love-what is it?
-mutuality of devotion, forever subduing the antagonism associated with divided function-what does this mean? “You complete me”, there’s no completion until I make the connection
- ritualization: affiliative
- common purpose...shared activities...work...friendship...love
- ritualism: elitism-what is it? Not everyone is able to participate
- formation of exclusive groups
31
Stage 7- generativity vs stagnation
-characterized by a concern for what is generated
-products
-ideas
-progeny
-social interest over self interest most be able to sacrifice so children can have a good life
Virtue: care- what is it
-concern for others
-transmission of knowledge to the next generation-what is transmitted?
-ritualization: generational-what is it?
-roles that allow for the transmission of ideals to the next generation-how is this done?
-teaching
-healing
-parenthood everything you do should transport knowledge, care, nurturing to the children
-What value to the person does teaching others have?
-sense of being needed
-sense of being important and of value
-become less consumed by self-interest
-ritualism: authoritism-what is it?
-model of oppression and insensitivity instead of teacher of ideals and values
32
Stage 8- integrity vs despair
sense of my life has had meaning…
- I have cared...taught...produced...etc
- virtue: wisdom-what is it?
- concern for life in the face of death
- ritualization: integral-what is it?
- integration of all previous stages
- recognition that my life has been one of importance I have added to the process of life
- Ritualism: sapientism-what is it?
- the unwise pretense of being wise- what does this mean? Lie to ourselves during the last parts of our life , has our life been in vain or has it been a fruitful one
33
Erikson-Oedipal crisis
embraces the freudian perspective with one change
-female resolution-not damaged, but rather a growing sense of competence because she has a most special role and responsibility...what is that? Women have a sense of value and worth because we are the life sustaining gender
34
first born/oldest
well intended until what? What impacts does this have? Intruder
Reflective of days passed...why?
-neurotics...criminals...drunkards
35
middle child
most well adjusted
- ambitious-why? Get the least attention, fighting for attention, just the middle kid
- rebellious
- envious
- mediator
- better adjusted of the children
36
youngest
- spoiled
| - next to oldest they are most neurotic...maladjusted
37
only child
- rival-who? Girl child-mom, by child-dad
- spoiled
- demanding
