Test 2 Flashcards
(27 cards)
How are molecules and atoms related?
Atoms make up molecules
What are ions?
Charger molecules
What is an electrolyte and why are they important?
Ions made from dissociation of salts; carry electrical energy for functions
What does it mean when proteins become denatured? Why is this a problem?
Loses its shape; can’t function/do it’s job
What are enzymes and how do they work? Include substrates, active site, and product
Enzymes speed up reactions in the active site to change substrates into products
What is enzyme specificity?
When an enzyme has a specific shape to fit with substrate?
🔓-enzyme & 🔑 - substrate
What type of macromolecule does
“-saccharide” refer to?
Sugars (carbs)
What are examples of mono? (Saccharide)
1 sugar/ glucose, fructose, & galactose
What are examples of di? (Saccharide)
Di- 2 sugars/ lactose, sucrose
What are examples of poly? (Saccharide)
Many sugars/cellulose, starch, glycogen
What are the different subtypes of polysaccharides- give examples of each
Glycogen-sugar
Starches-carbs
Cellulose-fiber
What is gluten?
Protein in food
Why might some NEED to be gluten free?
They can’t digest gluten properly
What things do all 3 macromolecules have in common?
C,H,O atoms
Found in food we eat
Organic-carbon based
What are the general features of proteins ?
Acts as catalysts build up structures in body
What are the general features of carbohydrates?
Used for quick energy source; fuel reactions
What are the general features of lipids?
Help with vitamin absorption & energy storage
Building blocks of proteins
Amino acids
Building blocks of cabs
Glucose fructose galactose
Building block lipids
Fatty acids + glycerol
Major groups/types of proteins
Enzymes, substrates, products
Major groups:types carbs
Monosaccharides
Polysaccharide
Disaccharide
Major groups/types lipids
Triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids
Proteins used for what
Building muscle, transporting, speed up reactions
