Test 2 Flashcards
(38 cards)
Is potassium more on the inside or outside of a cell
inside
Is sodium more on the inside or outside of a cell
outside
Carriers
- highly specific for solute (glucose)
- look like pac Man
- some have additional regulation
Na+/K+/ATPace pump
- each round (1 ATP), 3 NA+ out, 2 K+ in
example of ion channel receptors
Muscle contraction following nerve cell signaling
example of receptors Tyrosine kinases
insulin is the ligand activating glucose uptake
motor protein
- enzyme that uses the energy from ATP to generate movement
- for cilia/flagella –> dynein
- for vesicle/organelle —> kinesin
what is the motor protein for muscle contractions?
- myosin
Gibbs free energy equation
delta G= delta H- T(delta S) or delta G= delta G° + RTln(products/ reactants)
- H= heat
- T= temp in kelvin (0 degrees celsius = 273 degrees Kelvin
- S= entropy
- R= constant
delta G°’= ?
-7.3 Kcal/ mol
Which of the following molecules are able to cross the cell membrane by themselves at pH = 7?
- chloride
- water
- N2
- glucose
- amino acids
- starch
- oxygen
- testosterone
- chloride: N
- water: Y
- N2: Y
- glucose: N
- amino acids: N
- starch: N
- oxygen: Y
- testosterone: Y
With a fluorescent dye, you are able to keep track of a single phospholipid molecule in a cell. If you first found the phospholipid in the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and then came back 48 hours later, where are you LEAST likely to find that phospholipid when you return?
mitochondrial membrane
A cell with a predominance of free ribosomes is most likely
producing primarily cytoplasmic proteins.
In preparation for cell division, or mitosis, a cell must make new membrane in order to grow in size. The lipids and proteins needed for the new membrane will be made in the ________ and ________, respectively.
the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, the rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth ER: large amount rough ER: average amount mitochondria: average # Golgi: average amount Lysosomes: large amount
liver cell
smooth ER: small amount rough ER: small amount mitochondria: large # Golgi: small amount Lysosomes: small amount
muscle cell
smooth ER: small amount rough ER: large amount mitochondria: small # Golgi: large amount Lysosomes: small amount
cell that secretes
smooth ER: small amount rough ER: average amount mitochondria: average # Golgi: average amount Lysosomes: large amount
phagocytic cell
what does a Signal Recognition Particle (SRP) do?
- temporarily stops synthesis of a protein destined for the secretory pathway.
- has a receptor that it binds to on the ER membrane.
true or false: If a protein does enter the secretory pathway, and has no additional signals (other than the signal to
enter the secretory pathway), it will be secreted from the cell.
true
Unlike animal cells, plant cells have ___ and ___. Unlike plant cells, animal cells have ___ and ____.
large central vacuoles . . . cell walls . . . centrioles. . . lysosomes
Dynein arms
are found on microtubules in cilia and flagella and cause movement by grabbing and pulling at adjacent
microtubule doublets.
Which of the following does not happen when a ligand binds to a tyrosine kinase receptor?
GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP
The resting membrane potential of –70mV in a typical cell is maintained by (among other things)
facilitated diffusion mechanisms allowing potassium to exit the cell
