Test 2 Botanical "Essential Facts"

Question 0

What part of the plant is used for Devil’s Claw?

Answer 0

Tubers

Question 1

What is the scientific name for Devil’s Claw?

Answer 1

Harpagophytum Procumbens

Question 2

What is the active constituent for Devil’s Claw?

Answer 2

Iridoid Glycosides

Question 3

What are the physiological effects for Devil’s Claw?

Answer 3

Anti inflammatory via COX-2 inhibition
Analgesic
Chondroprotective

Question 4

What kind of clinical evidence is there for Devil’s Claw?

Answer 4

Osteoarthritis of the spine, hip, and knee.
Chronic non-specific LBP.
Acute exacerbations of chronic non-specific LBP.

Question 5

What are the extraction and standardization criteria for effective preparations of Devil’s Claw?

Answer 5

Crude powder herb, extract using 60% of ethanol or water. Harpagoside content varies from <30 mg to 100 mg/day.
Aqueous has most concentration for harpagoside.

Question 6

What are the contraindications/precautions for Devil’s Claw?

Answer 6

Interaction with anti-coagulants.

Exacerbation of peptic ulcer.

Question 7

What’s the scientific name for Willow Bark?

Answer 7

Salix Alba

Question 8

What part of the plant is used for Willow Bark?

Answer 8

Bark (hopefully that was kinda obvious)

Question 9

What is the active constituent for Willow Bark?

Answer 9

Salicylates

Question 10

What are the physiological effects of Willow Bark?

Answer 10

Anti-inflammatory via COX-2 inhibition.
Analgesic.
Fever reducing.

Question 11

What is the clinical evidence for Willow Bark?

Answer 11

OA and RA.

LBP.

Question 12

What are the extraction and standardization criteria for effective preparations of Willow Bark?

Answer 12

Need extracts standardized in salicin (40-80 mg salicin).

Question 13

What are the contraindications/precautions for Willow Bark?

Answer 13

Additive affects when combined with anti-coagulant meds.
Risk of Reye’s Syndrome.
Similar cautions for aspirin.

Question 14

What is the scientific name for Capsaicin?

Answer 14

Capsicum annum or Frutescenes

Question 15

What part of the plant is used for Capsaicin?

Answer 15

Fruit (hot pepper)

Question 16

What is the active constituent for capsaicin?

Answer 16

Capsaicinoids

Question 17

What are the physiological effects of capsaicin?

Answer 17

Desensitizes sensory neurons (releases substance P).

Anti-inflammatory effect.

Question 18

What is the clinical evidence for Capsaicin?

Answer 18

Arthritis.
Small effects on fibromyalgia and chronic neck pain.
Headaches.

Question 19

What are the extraction and standardization criteria for effective preparations of capsaicin?

Answer 19

Creams must contain .025% capsaicin, patches should have quantified capsaicinoid (22 mcg/cm2).

Question 20

What are the contraindications/precautions for capsaicin?

Answer 20

Wash hands, avoid contact with eyes and open lesions, avoid breathing volatized creams.

Question 21

What is capsaicin a component of?

Answer 21

Cayenne pepper

Question 22

What is the scientific name for gingko biloba?

Answer 22

Maidenhair tree (common name)

Question 23

What part of the plant is used for ginkgo biloba?

Answer 23

Leaf

Question 24

What are the active constituents for ginkgo biloba?

Answer 24

Flavone glycosides and Terpene lactones.

Question 25

What are the physiological effects of ginkgo biloba?

Answer 25

Affects neurotransmitter function, blood flow characteristics, and inhibits neuronal damage.

Question 26

What is the clinical evidence for ginkgo biloba?

Answer 26

Improves cognitive fxn, or decline in healthy populations. Alzheimer's dz, age related cognitive decline, and cerebral insufficiency. Improves intermittent claudication.

Question 27

What are the extraction and standardization criteria for effective preparations of ginkgo biloba?

Answer 27

Highly concentrated (50:1) extract. Standardized leaf extract (6% terpene lactones and 24% flavone glycosides). 180-240 mg per day in divided doses. Up to 6 weeks or more for results.

Question 28

What are the contraindication/precautions for Ginkgo Biloba?

Answer 28

Children under 12.

Question 29

What are the side effects for gingko biloba?

Answer 29

Transient HA. Occasional upset GI. Occasional allergic skin reactions.