Test 2 Chapter 5

Question 1

Social support

Answer 1

Perceived comfort, caring, assistance and information that a person receives from others

Question 2

What is the most important type of social influence?

Answer 2

Social support

Question 3

Social influence

Answer 3

Real or imagined pressure to change attitudes, behavior, or beliefs

Question 4

Approaches for social support (2)

Answer 4

1. Measure size of one’s social network

2. Measure amount and type of support a person receives

Question 5

Types of Social Support (5)

Answer 5

Instrumental, emotional, informational, companionship, and validation

Question 6

Instrumental social support

Answer 6

Tangible, practical assistance that will help a person achieve exercise goals

Question 7

Spotting a weightlifter at a gym, driving one’s father to rehab, and taking care of a baby are all examples of what type of social support?

Answer 7

Instrumental social support

Question 8

Emotional social support

Answer 8

Encouragement, caring, empathy, and concern

Question 9

Examples of emotional support

Answer 9

Praising one for their efforts, sympathizing when one complains, etc.

Question 10

1. What does emotional social support enhance? (4)

Answer 10

1. Self-esteem
2. Comfort
3. Acceptance
4. Reassurance

Question 11

What does emotional support reduce?

Answer 11

Anxiety

Question 12

Informative social support

Answer 12

Giving information, advice, or suggestions & feedback

Question 13

Examples of informative social support

Answer 13

Tips, sharing life experiences, explaining

Question 14

Companionship social support

Examples?

Answer 14

Reflects availability of people with whom one can exercise

Examples: friend, family, or exercise group

Question 15

Validation social support

Answer 15

Involves comparing oneself with others in order to gauge progress and to confirm one’s thoughts, feelings, problems, & experiences are normal

Question 16

Example of validation

Answer 16

“If they can do it, so can I.”

Question 17

What does social support depend on? (3)

Answer 17

1. Moods/feelings
2. Biophysical changes
3. Developmental/age-related changes

Question 18

Do social support needs differ between the sexes?

Answer 18

Yes! Women have a greater need for companionship and emotional types of physical activity support relative to men.

Question 19

Pros of family social support? (4)

Answer 19

1. Lower dropout rates
2. Reminders/encouragement
3. Spousal help for mothers with kids
4. Parental support

Question 20

Cons of family support? (3)

Answer 20

1. Pestering for not exercising
2. Behavior reluctance (advocated one responds in opposite direction)
3. Social control

Question 21

What effects can an exercise leader/instructor have?

Answer 21

Both positive and negative

Question 22

The 4 behaviors of transformative leadership

Answer 22

1. Idealized influence
2. Inspirational motivation
3. Intellectual stimulation
4. Individualized consideration

Question 23

Idealized influence

Answer 23

Generate trust & respect of others & acts as a role model

Question 24

Inspirational motivation

Answer 24

Be optimistic about what others can accomplish

Question 25

Intellectual stimulation

Answer 25

Engage in rationality of others, cause them to look at old pictures in new ways

Question 26

Individualized consideration

Answer 26

Demonstrate care for others physical & psychological needs

Question 27

Components of an exercise group (3)

Answer 27

Group cohesion, group composition, & group size