Test 2: Ionic Compounds

Question 1

Compounds

Answer 1

two or more atoms bonded to produce a new pure substance

Question 2

When a compound gains or loses electrons, it forms an

Answer 2

ion

Question 3

Ion

Answer 3

an atom carrying a charge

Question 4

cation

Answer 4

positively charge ion

Question 5

anion

Answer 5

negatively charged ion

Question 6

Which group of elements are very stable and unreactive and have full shells

Answer 6

Noble gases

Question 7

Octet rule

Answer 7

noble gases have 8 valence electrons in their outer shells

Question 8

usually group 4 atoms do not form __ at all.

Answer 8

ions

Question 9

We will not predict what type of ion will be formed by a transition metal atom because

Answer 9

it does not follow a uniform pattern

Question 10

Polyatomic ions

Answer 10

An ion that contains more than one covalently bonded atoms.

Question 11

What are the 18 common polyatomic ions?

Answer 11

hydronium ammonium, acetate, cyanide, hydroxide, hypochlorite, perchlorate, nitrate, nitrite, carbonate, hydrogen carbonate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate,
Dihydrogen phosphate, sulfate, Hydrogen sulfate, Sulfite, Oxalate

Question 12

Every time we see a compound formed with a metal and a non-metal we know it is an

Answer 12

ionic compound

Question 13

Every time an ionic compound dissolves in water the ions

Answer 13

separate

Question 14

dissociation

Answer 14

an ionic compound dissolves in water

Question 15

Electrolytes

Answer 15

Solutions with ions dissolved in them that conduct electricity

Question 16

What unique property do solutions with dissolved ions have

Answer 16

the solutions conduct electricity

Question 17

ions with multiple charges may end up attracting

Answer 17

multiple atoms

Question 18

Whenever an ionic compound forms the overall charge must be

Answer 18

neutral, or zero

Question 19

What questions do I ask to find the formula for an ionic compound?

Answer 19

What is the charge of the anion and cation?
What is the lowest possible ratio of cations:anions to make a net charge of 0?

Question 20

Determining a balanced formula of an ionic compound means

Answer 20

Determining the type and quantity of each ion

Question 21

Special care must be taken to distinguish polyatomic ions, when writing a balanced ionic compound formula. This is done by placing what around groups of atoms?

Answer 21

(Parenthesis)
ie. Ba3(PO4)2

Question 22

we can use the charge of an ion we do know to

Answer 22

help us determine the charge of an ion we do not know

Question 23

When looking at a compound, cations are always listed __ and metal atoms always form __

Answer 23

first, cations

Question 24

Common properties of ionic compounds? (4)

Answer 24

Brittle, crystalline solid, high melting point, solutions conduct electricity

Question 25

Ionic compounds are held together by electrostatic attraction rather than forming

Answer 25

discrete neutral molecules

Question 26

The charge of polyatomic ions must be

Answer 26

memorized

Question 27

the charge of ionic compounds WITH polyatomic ions must be

Answer 27

neutral

Question 28

Polyatomic ion charge is determined by

Answer 28

the formation of bonded ions

Question 29

Ionization energy and electron affinity ___ as we go across or up the periodic table

Answer 29

increase

Question 30

Ionization energy

Answer 30

the energy you must put in to remove an electron and create a cation