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Level 1 > Test 2 NMNC 1135 > Flashcards

Test 2 NMNC 1135 Flashcards

1
Q

Difficult, labored breathing

A

Dyspnea

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2
Q

Peak of the pressure wave on arterial walls

A

Systolic pressure

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3
Q

A bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes

A

Cyanosis

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4
Q

A slow heart rate

A

Bradycardia

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5
Q

Absence of breathing

A

Apnea

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6
Q

Presence of a fever

A

Febrile

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7
Q

Apical pulse exceeds the radial pulse

A

Pulse deficit

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8
Q

Increased respiratory rate

A

Tachypnea

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9
Q

Difficulty in breathing in positions other than upright

A

Orthopnea

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10
Q

Lowest pressure on arterial walls, occurs when the heart rests

A

Diastolic pressure

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11
Q

Permanent or temporary hair loss

A

Alopecia

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12
Q

Collapse of all or part of the lung

A

Atelectasis

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13
Q

Abnormal “swooshing” sound

A

Bruit

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14
Q

Earwax

A

Cerumen

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15
Q

Double vision

A

Diplopia

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16
Q

Bruising

A

Ecchymosis

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17
Q

Swelling

A

Edema

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18
Q

Redness of skin caused by congestion or dilation of the superficial blood vessels in the skin, signaling circulatory changes to an area.

A

Erythema

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19
Q

Yellow hue to the skin

A

Jaundice

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20
Q

Numbness or tingling

A

Paresthesia

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21
Q

Itching

A

Pruritis

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22
Q

Bending and twisting

A

Tortuosity

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23
Q

Disequilibrium, spinning sensation

A

Vertigo

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24
Q

Mechanism of cultural change achieved through the exchange of cultural features resulting from firsthand contact between groups

A

Acculturation

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25
Q

Process by which individuals from one cultural group merge with, or blend into a second group

A

Assimilation

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26
Q

A statement, idea, or principle that has a broad application

A

Generalization

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27
Q

Focuses on the outsider’s world and especially on professional views

A

Etic perspective

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28
Q

Process whereby a culture is passed from generation to generation

A

Enculturation

29
Q

Arbitrarily assigning a race to a person on the basis of a societal dictate that associates social identity with ancestry

A

Rule of descent

30
Q

Focuses on the local, indigenous, and insider’s culture

A

Emic perspective

31
Q

Belief that one’s own culture is superior to that of another while using one’s own cultural values as the criteria by which to judge other cultures

A

Ethnocentrism

32
Q

A group of people having a common interest or identity

A

Community

33
Q

Process of being reared and nurtured within a culture and acquiring its characteristics

A

Socialization

34
Q

Results from nerve injury

A

Neuropathic pain

35
Q

Physiological pain

A

Somatic pain

36
Q

Excessive sensitivity

A

Hyperalgesia

37
Q

Occurs after an amputation when the brain continues to receive messages from the area of the amputation

A

Phantom pain

38
Q

Pain that extends to other areas

A

Radiating pain

39
Q

Pain that is perceived by an individual but has no physical cause

A

Psychogenic pain

40
Q

Pain from noninjury stimuli

A

Allodynia

41
Q

Greatly exaggerated pain reaction to stimuli

A

Hyperpathia

42
Q

The administration of medications before a painful event

A

Preemptive analgesia

43
Q

Unpleasant, abnormal sensation

A

Dysesthesia

44
Q

A central pulse that can be auscultated over the apex of the heart at the point of maximal impulse (PMI)

A

Apical pulse

45
Q

An irregular rhythm in the pulse, caused by an early, late, or missed heartbeat,

A

is referred to as a dysrhythmia or an arrhythmia.

46
Q

Listening with a stethoscope

A

auscultation

47
Q

The absence of Korotkoff sounds noted in some patients after the initial systolic pressure; the gap may cover a range as wide as 40 mm Hg. Failure to recognize this may lead to major errors in measuring blood pressure.

A

Auscultatory gap

48
Q

The measurable pressure of blood within the systemic arteries.

A

Blood pressure

49
Q

Temperature of deep tissues

A

Core temperature

50
Q

a rise in body temperature above normal, caused by trauma or illness

A

Fever (pyrexia)

51
Q

Occurs from exposure to subnormal temperatures. Ice crystals form inside the cells, which may cause permanent circulatory and tissue damage. Common sites for this are earlobes, the tip of the nose, fingers, and toes. The skin becomes white and firm, with a loss of sensation. Interventions for this include gradual warming, pain management, and protection of the injured area.

A

Frostbite

52
Q

Occurs when extreme or prolonged environmental heat exposure leads to profuse sweating with consequent excessive water and electrolyte loss.

A

Heat exhaustion

53
Q

Occurs when prolonged exposure to the sun or high environmental temperatures overwhelms the body’s heat loss mechanisms. This health emergency carries a high mortality rate. Risk factors include very young or very old age, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and alcoholism, along with exercise or work out of doors in predisposing conditions. Signs and symptoms include confusion, delirium, excessive thirst, nausea, muscle cramps, and high temperature and heart rate. Hot, dry skin and absence of sweating are other features

A

heat stroke

54
Q

high levels of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream

A

Hypercapnia

55
Q

low oxygen levels in the blood

A

Hypoxemia

56
Q

Elevated blood pressure; it is the leading cause of cardiovascular disorders and the most important risk factor for stroke.

A

Hypertension

57
Q

High body temperature

A

hyperthermia

58
Q

Deep, rapid respirations often caused by stress or anxiety

A

hyperventilation

59
Q

The sounds for which the nurse listens when assessing blood pressure.

A

Korotkoff sounds

60
Q

A sudden drop of 20 mm Hg in systolic pressure and 10 mm Hg in diastolic pressure when the patient moves from a lying to sitting to standing position.

A

orthostatic hypotension

61
Q

Amount of oxygen in the arterial blood.

A

oxygen saturation

62
Q

Physical examination using touch to assess body organs and skin texture, temperature, moisture, turgor, tenderness, and thickness.

A

palpation

63
Q

Pulses that can be palpated over arteries located away from the heart.

A

peripheral pulse

64
Q

The palpable, bounding blood flow created by the contraction of the left ventricle of the heart.

A

pulse

65
Q

The frequency of breaths per minute (BPM). One inhalation and one exhalation is one breath.

A

respiration

66
Q

An increase in respiratory rate to more than 24 BPM in the adult.

A

tachypnea

67
Q

The sensible heat of the human body.

A

temperature

68
Q

A basic but very important component of the physiologic assessment of a patient; used to monitor the functioning of body systems. VS consist of body temperature (T), pulse (P), respirations (R), and blood pressure (BP).

A

vital signs (VS)

Level 1 (8 decks)

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