Test

Question 1

What is True under the metabolic condition of anaerobic glycolysis?

Answer 1

There is a net synthesis of two molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose converted to pyruvate.

Question 2

What statement below describes metabolic effects of an infant with an enlarged liver due to a deficiency in the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase?

Answer 2

A. Cannot maintain blood glucose levels either by glycogenolysis or by gluconeogenesis.

Question 3

What type of sugar is glucose?

Answer 3

D-aldose

Question 4

A deficiency in which glycolytic enzymes below would have the largest effect in increasing BPG concentration and thus decreasing oxygen binding affinity of hemoglobin?

Answer 4

Pyruvate kinase

Question 5

What is a characteristic of a rate-determining step of a metabolic pathway?

Answer 5

A step that functions far from equilibrium and has a large negative free energy change.

Question 6

In what from does carbon enter the TCA cycle?

Answer 6

Acetyl-CoA

Question 7

Which of the following conditions decreases the oxidation of acetyl-CoA by the citric acid cycle?

Answer 7

A low NAD+/NADH ratio

Question 8

Which of the statements below does not describe a possible metabolic fate for glucose?

Answer 8

Conversion to Glycogen via Glycogenolysis

Question 9

Which one of the following statements concerning glycolysis is TRUE?

Answer 9

The regulated reactions are the one with largest change in free energy.

Question 10

Glutamine can be used as a source of energy through what metabolic process?

Answer 10

Glutaminolysis

Question 11

Which one of the metabolites in the TCA cycle is a precursor to fatty acid biosynthesis?

Answer 11

Citrate

Question 12

What is the site of fatty acid catabolism?

Answer 12

Mitochondria

Question 13

Which is not a potential metabolic fate of glucose?

Answer 13

fatty acid

Question 14

Which pathway contributes to the biosynthesis of nucleotides?

Answer 14

Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Question 15

Which process would you expect to be minimal after a well balanced meal?

Answer 15

Gluconeogenesis

Question 16

Which of the metabolite listed below connects carbon and fatty acid metabolism?

Answer 16

Acetyl-CoA

Question 17

What statement below provides the best argument for lipids as the most efficient form of biologically stored energy?

Answer 17

Highly reduced state

Question 18

Acetyl-CoA can be used for the biosynthesis of which molecules?

Answer 18

Ketone bodies, cholesterol, and HMG-CoA

Question 19

What is the importance of transamination reactions?

Answer 19

Transamination reactions allows the utilization of alpha-ketoglutarate for the biosynthesis of glutamate.

Question 20

How are fatty acids transported to the mitochondria?

Answer 20

Carnitine shuttle

Question 21

Which statement is true regarding ketone bodies?

Answer 21

The are produced form Acetyl-CoA

Question 22

Which organ receives the bulk of nutrients and actively stores, catabolizes, synthesizes or releases these nutrients back in the bloodstream?

Answer 22

Liver

Question 23

Acetyl-CoA is a compound that contains a “high energy” ______ bond.

Answer 23

Thioester

Question 24

What is the best reason lactate production can rapidly increase in a working muscle?

Answer 24

The rate of oxygen reduction by mitochondria becomes rate limiting

Question 25

Where does fatty acid oxidation and synthesis take place?

Answer 25

F. A. synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm, while oxidation takes place in the mitochondria.

Question 26

Which of the lipoproteins has the highest content of TAG?

Answer 26

Chylomicrons

Question 27

Which of the compounds below links the majority of metabolic pathways?

Answer 27

Pyruvate

Question 28

In what molecular form is the majority of metabolic fuel stored?

Answer 28

TAG

Question 29

Which of the reactions in the TCA cycle involve the formation of a carbon carbon bond

Answer 29

Citrate synthesis

Question 30

During starvation , what is the major fuel source for the production of ketone bodies?

Answer 30

Fats stored in adipose tissue