Test 3 Flashcards
1
Q
type of teeth found in children 2-6 “meaning fall off”
A
deciduous
2
Q
nick names for primary teeth (2)
A
baby, milk teeth
3
Q
premature loss of primary teeth can lead to what
A
over crowded permanent teeth
4
Q
Trauma of primary tooth can cause defect in permanent tooth is called what
A
Turners tooth
5
Q
what are the proportions of dentin, enamel and pulp
A
relatively thin dentin and enamel, proportionally large pulp
6
Q
Spacing is normal throughout primary anterior teeth, but is most noticeable at these locations
A
Primate Spaces
7
Q
What is beneficial regions in primary teeth that occur 50% of the time and often concern parents
A
Primate Spaces
8
Q
provide room for permanent incisors and canines, which are wider
A
primate spaces
9
Q
How is the primary crown compared to the permanent teeth
A
wider mesiodistally and shorter insicocervially
10
Q
what is the color of primary teeth
A
whiter than permanent
11
Q
primary teeth are less what and more prone to attrition
A
mineralized
12
Q
primary dentition usually do not have what three things
A
no depressions, mammelons or perykimata
13
Q
Enamel seems to do what at the cervical line
A
seems to bulge rather than gradually tapering
14
Q
Primary teeth have relatively longer what compared to their crowns
A
longer roots
15
Q
Primary Universal numbering system
A
A-J -upper
K-T lower
16
Q
Primary International numbering system
A
5,6,7,8, ones are at the central incisors and eight at 2nd molar
17
Q
Maxillary Central incisors developmental stages
A
Initial calcification 4-4.5 months in utero Enamel Completed 17 weeks Eruption 32 weeks Root completed 1-2 years Exfoliate 6-7 years
18
Q
Maxillary Lateral incisors
A
Initial calcification 4.5 months in utero Enamel Completed 22 weeks Eruption 34 weeks Root completed 1.5-2 years Exfoliate 7-8 years
19
Q
Maxillary Canines
A
Initial calcification 5 months in utero Enamel Completed 39 weeks Eruption 1 1/3- 1-2/3 year Root completed 2-3 years Exfoliate 10-12 years
20
Q
Mandibular central incisors
A
Initial calcification 4-4.5 months in utero Enamel Completed 17 weeks Eruption 28 weeks Root completed 1-2 years Exfoliate 6-7 years
21
Q
Mandibular lateral incisors
A
Initial calcification 4.5 months in utero Enamel Completed 18 weeks Eruption 30 weeks Root completed 1-2 years Exfoliate 7-8 years
22
Q
Mandibular canines
A
Initial calcification 5 months in utero Enamel Completed 39 weeks Eruption 1 1/2- 1/2/3 years Root completed 2-3 years Exfoliate 9-12 years
23
Q
which primary teeth do not have facial depressions like the permanent
A
maxillary central incisors
24
Q
The proximal surfaces of the primary mandibular incisors are more
A
convex
25
The cingula of the primary central incisor is more or less prominent than the permanent
more prominent
26
The apical aspect of the primary incisors roots curves in what direction
facially
27
the MD, FL dimensions of the mandibular primary incisors is more what than the maxillary primary
nearly equal, more even
28
maxillary have larger of which crown dimensions compared to mandibular
faciolingual
29
lateral incisor roots have a proportionally longer what then the central
root
30
from the incisal view the crown shape of the maxillary central incisors is what
diamond shaped
31
from the incisal view the crown shape of the maxillary lateral incisors is what
circular
32
the mandibular central incisor meet at a nearly what
right angle
33
the mandibular lateral incisor has what compared to the mandibular central incisors
root is longer and curves distally
34
which mandibular incisor is not symmetrical and has a cingulum bulge toward the distal
mandibular lateral
35
what is the incisal edge curvature of the mandibular lateral incisor compared to the mandibular central incisor
mandibular lateral is curved
| mandibular central is nearly straight
36
from the incisal view the crown shape of the maxillary central incisors is what
maxillary central incisor
37
Which primary tooth has symmetrical crown
mandibular central incisor
38
the cusp on which canine (set trait) is sharper and longer
primary canine
39
the primary maxillary canine appear exeptionally what
short and wide
40
The apical third of the primary canine root bends in what direction whereas the permanent canine roots remains relatively straight
facially
41
maxillary crowns are what when view facially compared to the mandibular
wider, less narrow
42
Mandibular cusp for primary canines is what compared to maxillary
sharper cusp
43
what is unique about the cusp ridge of the primary maxillary canine
the mesial side is longer than the distal
44
what are two characteristics of primary maxillary canines
longer root that is bent distally
45
mandibular primary canine has a single concave what
lingual fossa
46
what is more pronounced in the maxillary canine than the mandibular canine when viewed lingually
more pronounced marginal and lingual ridges
47
what surface is more visible for the primary maxillary canine, what is more visible for the primary mandibular canine
lingual
Facial
48
cusp tip is off set in which direction for primary maxillary canine
distal
49
The cusp tip is mesially positioned and the distal aspect is slightly more bulky for which primary canine
mandibular
50
The cingulum is centered or just distal of center for which primary canine
mandibular
51
Which tooth has longer mesial cusp ridge than distal cusp ridge
A. Primary maxillary canine= answer
B. Primary mandibular canine
C. Permanent maxillary canine
D. Permanent mandibular canine
52
Which primary tooth has the longest
| root prior to resorption
A. Primary maxillary canine = answer
B. Primary mandibular canine
C. Permanent maxillary canine
D. Permanent mandibular canine
53
high energy passes through substances without any change in either the matter or the photons themselves
penetration
54
energy is transferred to atoms of the substance, which completely reduces (absorbs) the energy of the photons to eliminate the radiation.
attenuation
55
Some energy is transferred to atoms of the substance, reducing photon energy and thus changes the direction of the original course of emitted radiation
scatter
56
the viewable, tangible image of the object that is exposed to the x-radiation.
radiograph
57
technique of production of an
| image on film.
radiography
58
what type of xray shows interproximal caries in one portion of the jaw
bitewing
59
whaty type of xray shows the entire tooth structure from root to crown
Periapical
60
what is it called when teeth do not erupt
ameleoblastoma
61
an increase in cemental grown in and around the root is called
hypercemetosis
62
most common supernumerary tooth may be erupted, impacted or inverted
Mesodens, Hyperdontia
63
cementum of tooth's root is fused to the surrounding bone, very hard to extract, submerged tooth
ankylosis
64
impaction usually occurs where in posterior teeth
when the third molars begin to erupt
65
balloon like enlargement of root canal
internal resorbtion
66
the part of the tooth (root) covered by cementum
anatomic root
67
the part of the tooth (crown) covered by enamel
anatomic crown
68
the part of the tooth (root) not visible in the oral cavity
clinical root
69
the inner surface of the cementum lining the root.
cementodential junction
70
separates the anatomic crown from the anatomic root. Also known as the cervical line - the demarcation of the cervix of the tooth.
cementoenamel junction
71
the inner surface of the enamel cap.
dentinoenamel junction
72
the opening at the apex of the root through which pass nerves and blood vessels
apical foramen
73
the area of a multi-rooted tooth where the root divides.
furcation
74
the area between the roots of a multiroooted tooth.
interfurcal area
75
soft connective tissue, contains blood vessels, non calcified in the cavity of the crown
pulp
76
responds to injury or caries (infection) by forming reparative dentin (odontoblasts). Is which function of pulp
defensive
77
transports nutrients from the bloodstream to cells of the pulp that reach the osteoblasts in the dentin. Blood in the pulp had passed through the heart only 6 seconds previously is what function of the pulp
nutritive
78
Nerve endings permit the sense of pain from heat, cold, instrumentation, sweet, caries (bacteria), and trauma. The nerve fibers are unable to distinguish the cause of the pain. is what function of the pulp
sensory
79
dentin-producing cells (odontoblasts) produce dentin throughout the life of the tooth. This is called secondary dentin. is what function of the pulp
formative
80
The branch of dentistry concerned with the morphology, physiology, & pathology of the human dental pulp and periradicular tissues.
endodontics
81
Portion of the root canal system within the anatomical crown, area where injury to pulp can occur, and most blood vessels are located
pulp chamber
82
Extensions of the pulp chamber coronally
pulp horn
83
Where the pulp chamber joins the pulp located within the root
pulp orifices
84
the main opening at the apex of the root through which pass the nerves and blood vessels supplying the pulp.
apical constriction
85
the smallest diameter of canal as it exits the tooth.
apical foramen
86
what is the general shape of the area including the apical constriction and apical foramen
funnel shaped
87
the apical foramen connects what two things
the pulp to the rest of the body
88
Canal connecting the pulp with the periodontal tissue. The canal/s exit the root at the accessory foramen. Most occur in the apical 1/3, second most are in the furcation area.
accessory canal
89
in general the pulp shape reflects what
the shape of the crown
90
average tooth and pulp are fully complete how many years after eruption
4.5
91
what two things cause change in root morphology
physiological age and irritants
92
abrasion, erosion, attrition, caries and periodontal disease are examples of what
irritants
93
Connective tissue and vessels but are not thought to supply pulp with collateral circulation is which type of canal
lateral canals
94
where are lateral canals most common
in apical 1/3 of root
95
The closer two canal orifices are to each other, the more likely they are to connect with each other at some other point along their path to the apex, TRUE OR FALSE
True
96
When one canal splits into two in a facial-lingual direction, the lingual canal may separate at a very sharp angle. The facial canal is usually the one with direct access to the apex. This sharp angle is known as a
fast break
97
when two canals join to form one, which canal is the one with the direct access to the apex
lingual
98
Degree of curvature, As the degree of curvature increases what happens
the cases become more difficult
99
Radius of curvature, as the radius of the curvature decreases what happens
the cases become more difficult
100
the cases become more difficult as what increases and what decreases
increase curvature, and decrease angle of curvature
101
Greater radius, smaller angle (degree) Smaller radius, greater angle (degree) which one is more difficult
smaller radius, greater angle
102
The floor of the pulp chamber is always located in the center of the tooth at the level of the CEJ. Is what law
law of centrality
103
The walls of the pulp chamber are always concentric (extending out equally in all directions) to the external surface of the tooth at the level of the cervical line. which law?
law of concentricity
104
The CEJ is the most consistent, repeatable landmark for locating the position of the pulp chamber.
law of CEJ
105
what tends to be darker than the surrounding tooth structure when considering root structure
pulp chamber floors
106
what are always located at the junction of the walls & floors
canal orifices
107
Reparative dentin and calcification can obscure what two things
pulp chamber floor and canal orifices
108
occasionally there are developmental lines that are darker than the pulp chamber floor that are called
root fusion lines
109
If one canal exists where is it located
in the center of the preparation
110
if only one orifice is found and it is not located at the center of the correct prep you must
look for the other orifices
111
Primary mandibular central incisor eruption
8 months
112
Primary maxillary central incisors eruption
10 months
113
Primary mandibular lateral incisors eruption
13 months
114
Primary maxillary lateral incisors eruption
11 months
115
Primary maxillary 1st Molar
16 months
116
Primary mandibular 1st Molar
16 months
117
Primary maxillary canine
19 months
118
Primary mandibular canine
20 months
119
Primary mandibular 2nd molar
27 months
120
Primary maxillary 2nd molar
29 months
121
Permanent maxillary and mandibular 1st molar crown completion is when
2-3
122
Permanent Max and Mand central and lateral incisors crown completion
4-5
123
Permanent max and mand 1st premolar crown completion
5-6
124
permanent max and mand 2nd premolar and max and mand canine crown completion
6-7
125
Permanent max and mand 2nd molars crown completion
7-8
126
Permanent max and mand 3rd molars crown completion
12-16
127
Primary max central incisor crown completion
1.5 months
128
Primary mand central incisors and max lateral incisors crown completion
2.5 months
129
Primary mand lateral incisors crown completion
3
130
Primary mand 1st molar crown completion
5.5
131
Primary max 1st molar crown completion
6
132
Primary max and mand canines crown completion
9
133
Primary mand 2nd molar crown completion
10
134
Primary max 2nd molar crown completion
11
135
permanent Mand 1st molar, max 1st molar mand central incisor eruption
6-7
136
permanent mandibular lateral incisors and max central incisor eruption
7-8
137
permanent max lateral incisors eruption
8-9
138
permanent mand canine eruption
9-10
139
permanent max 1st premolar eruption
10-11
140
permanent mand 1st premolar and max 2nd premolar eruption
10-12
141
permanent mand 2nd premolar and max canine eruption
11-12
142
permanent mand 2nd molar and max 2nd molar eruption
11-13
143
permanent max and hand 3rd molar eruption
17-21
144
Primary root completion max central incisors, mand central and lateral incisors root completion
1.5
145
Primary max lateral incisors root completion
2
146
Primary mand 1st molar root completion
2.25
147
Primary max 1st molar root completion
2.5
148
Primary max and mand 2nd molar root completion
3
149
Primary max and mand canines root completion
3.25
150
Permanent Mand central incisors root completion
9
151
Permanent max and mand 1st molar root completion
9-10
152
Permanent max central and mand lateral incisors root completion
10
153
Permanent max lateral incisors root completion
11
154
Permanent max and mand 1st premolar root completion
12-13
155
Permanent mand canines and max 2nd premolars root completion
12-14
156
Permanent mand 2nd premolars root completion
13-14
157
Permanent max canines completion
13-15
158
Permanent mand 2nd molars completion
14-15
159
Permanent max 2nd molars completion
14-16
160
Permanent max and mand 3rd molars completion
18-25
161
With a type IV vertucci classification, how many distinct roots will be present at the apical end
2
162
What are located in the apex of the root
apical foramen and apical constriction
163
Regarding the root
Irritants, such as caries, periodontal disease, and trauma, can change the morphology
164
Which primary anterior tooth is symmetrical
Mandibular central I
165
Which of the following teeth erupt in the intertransitional phase
No teeth erupt during this period
166
The first primary teeth to erupt are _______ and the last primary teeth that erupt are_____?
O, P and A, J
167
In the formation of a classic radiographic image, which of the following elements is NOT necessary?
a. X-rays
b. Object- tooth, bone
c. Image receptor- traditional film, digital sensor
d. Contrast density equalizer
e. viewer
D
168
Which structure has the highest radiopacity on a radiograph
dental amalgam
169
one root one canal is what type of vertucci
type 1
170
two canals that become one root is what type of vertucci
type 2
171
one canal that splits to make two and then rejoins is what type of vertucci
type 3
172
third molars erupt following what period
second transition period
