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Dental Morphology > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

type of teeth found in children 2-6 “meaning fall off”

A

deciduous

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2
Q

nick names for primary teeth (2)

A

baby, milk teeth

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3
Q

premature loss of primary teeth can lead to what

A

over crowded permanent teeth

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4
Q

Trauma of primary tooth can cause defect in permanent tooth is called what

A

Turners tooth

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5
Q

what are the proportions of dentin, enamel and pulp

A

relatively thin dentin and enamel, proportionally large pulp

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6
Q

Spacing is normal throughout primary anterior teeth, but is most noticeable at these locations

A

Primate Spaces

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7
Q

What is beneficial regions in primary teeth that occur 50% of the time and often concern parents

A

Primate Spaces

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8
Q

provide room for permanent incisors and canines, which are wider

A

primate spaces

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9
Q

How is the primary crown compared to the permanent teeth

A

wider mesiodistally and shorter insicocervially

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10
Q

what is the color of primary teeth

A

whiter than permanent

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11
Q

primary teeth are less what and more prone to attrition

A

mineralized

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12
Q

primary dentition usually do not have what three things

A

no depressions, mammelons or perykimata

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13
Q

Enamel seems to do what at the cervical line

A

seems to bulge rather than gradually tapering

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14
Q

Primary teeth have relatively longer what compared to their crowns

A

longer roots

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15
Q

Primary Universal numbering system

A

A-J -upper

K-T lower

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16
Q

Primary International numbering system

A

5,6,7,8, ones are at the central incisors and eight at 2nd molar

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17
Q

Maxillary Central incisors developmental stages

A 
Initial calcification 4-4.5 months in utero
Enamel Completed 17 weeks
Eruption 32 weeks
Root completed 1-2 years
Exfoliate 6-7 years
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18
Q

Maxillary Lateral incisors

A 
Initial calcification 4.5 months in utero
Enamel Completed 22 weeks 
Eruption 34 weeks
Root completed 1.5-2 years
Exfoliate 7-8 years
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19
Q

Maxillary Canines

A 
Initial calcification 5 months in utero
Enamel Completed 39 weeks
Eruption 1 1/3- 1-2/3 year
Root completed 2-3 years
Exfoliate 10-12 years
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20
Q

Mandibular central incisors

A 
Initial calcification 4-4.5 months in utero
Enamel Completed 17 weeks
Eruption 28 weeks
Root completed 1-2 years
Exfoliate 6-7 years
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21
Q

Mandibular lateral incisors

A 
Initial calcification 4.5 months in utero
Enamel Completed 18 weeks 
Eruption 30 weeks
Root completed 1-2 years
Exfoliate 7-8 years
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22
Q

Mandibular canines

A 
Initial calcification 5 months in utero
Enamel Completed 39 weeks 
Eruption 1 1/2- 1/2/3 years
Root completed 2-3 years
Exfoliate 9-12 years
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23
Q

which primary teeth do not have facial depressions like the permanent

A

maxillary central incisors

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24
Q

The proximal surfaces of the primary mandibular incisors are more

A

convex

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25
Q

The cingula of the primary central incisor is more or less prominent than the permanent

A

more prominent

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26
Q

The apical aspect of the primary incisors roots curves in what direction

A

facially

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27
Q

the MD, FL dimensions of the mandibular primary incisors is more what than the maxillary primary

A

nearly equal, more even

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28
Q

maxillary have larger of which crown dimensions compared to mandibular

A

faciolingual

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29
Q

lateral incisor roots have a proportionally longer what then the central

A

root

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30
Q

from the incisal view the crown shape of the maxillary central incisors is what

A

diamond shaped

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31
Q

from the incisal view the crown shape of the maxillary lateral incisors is what

A

circular

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32
Q

the mandibular central incisor meet at a nearly what

A

right angle

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33
Q

the mandibular lateral incisor has what compared to the mandibular central incisors

A

root is longer and curves distally

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34
Q

which mandibular incisor is not symmetrical and has a cingulum bulge toward the distal

A

mandibular lateral

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35
Q

what is the incisal edge curvature of the mandibular lateral incisor compared to the mandibular central incisor

A

mandibular lateral is curved

mandibular central is nearly straight

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36
Q

from the incisal view the crown shape of the maxillary central incisors is what

A

maxillary central incisor

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37
Q

Which primary tooth has symmetrical crown

A

mandibular central incisor

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38
Q

the cusp on which canine (set trait) is sharper and longer

A

primary canine

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39
Q

the primary maxillary canine appear exeptionally what

A

short and wide

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40
Q

The apical third of the primary canine root bends in what direction whereas the permanent canine roots remains relatively straight

A

facially

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41
Q

maxillary crowns are what when view facially compared to the mandibular

A

wider, less narrow

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42
Q

Mandibular cusp for primary canines is what compared to maxillary

A

sharper cusp

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43
Q

what is unique about the cusp ridge of the primary maxillary canine

A

the mesial side is longer than the distal

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44
Q

what are two characteristics of primary maxillary canines

A

longer root that is bent distally

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45
Q

mandibular primary canine has a single concave what

A

lingual fossa

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46
Q

what is more pronounced in the maxillary canine than the mandibular canine when viewed lingually

A

more pronounced marginal and lingual ridges

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47
Q

what surface is more visible for the primary maxillary canine, what is more visible for the primary mandibular canine

A

lingual

Facial

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48
Q

cusp tip is off set in which direction for primary maxillary canine

A

distal

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49
Q

The cusp tip is mesially positioned and the distal aspect is slightly more bulky for which primary canine

A

mandibular

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50
Q

The cingulum is centered or just distal of center for which primary canine

A

mandibular

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51
Q

Which tooth has longer mesial cusp ridge than distal cusp ridge

A

A. Primary maxillary canine= answer
B. Primary mandibular canine
C. Permanent maxillary canine
D. Permanent mandibular canine

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52
Q

Which primary tooth has the longest

root prior to resorption

A

A. Primary maxillary canine = answer
B. Primary mandibular canine
C. Permanent maxillary canine
D. Permanent mandibular canine

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53
Q

high energy passes through substances without any change in either the matter or the photons themselves

A

penetration

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54
Q

energy is transferred to atoms of the substance, which completely reduces (absorbs) the energy of the photons to eliminate the radiation.

A

attenuation

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55
Q

Some energy is transferred to atoms of the substance, reducing photon energy and thus changes the direction of the original course of emitted radiation

A

scatter

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56
Q

the viewable, tangible image of the object that is exposed to the x-radiation.

A

radiograph

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57
Q

technique of production of an

image on film.

A

radiography

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58
Q

what type of xray shows interproximal caries in one portion of the jaw

A

bitewing

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59
Q

whaty type of xray shows the entire tooth structure from root to crown

A

Periapical

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60
Q

what is it called when teeth do not erupt

A

ameleoblastoma

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61
Q

an increase in cemental grown in and around the root is called

A

hypercemetosis

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62
Q

most common supernumerary tooth may be erupted, impacted or inverted

A

Mesodens, Hyperdontia

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63
Q

cementum of tooth’s root is fused to the surrounding bone, very hard to extract, submerged tooth

A

ankylosis

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64
Q

impaction usually occurs where in posterior teeth

A

when the third molars begin to erupt

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65
Q

balloon like enlargement of root canal

A

internal resorbtion

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66
Q

the part of the tooth (root) covered by cementum

A

anatomic root

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67
Q

the part of the tooth (crown) covered by enamel

A

anatomic crown

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68
Q

the part of the tooth (root) not visible in the oral cavity

A

clinical root

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69
Q

the inner surface of the cementum lining the root.

A

cementodential junction

70
Q

separates the anatomic crown from the anatomic root. Also known as the cervical line - the demarcation of the cervix of the tooth.

A

cementoenamel junction

71
Q

the inner surface of the enamel cap.

A

dentinoenamel junction

72
Q

the opening at the apex of the root through which pass nerves and blood vessels

A

apical foramen

73
Q

the area of a multi-rooted tooth where the root divides.

A

furcation

74
Q

the area between the roots of a multiroooted tooth.

A

interfurcal area

75
Q

soft connective tissue, contains blood vessels, non calcified in the cavity of the crown

A

pulp

76
Q

responds to injury or caries (infection) by forming reparative dentin (odontoblasts). Is which function of pulp

A

defensive

77
Q

transports nutrients from the bloodstream to cells of the pulp that reach the osteoblasts in the dentin. Blood in the pulp had passed through the heart only 6 seconds previously is what function of the pulp

A

nutritive

78
Q

Nerve endings permit the sense of pain from heat, cold, instrumentation, sweet, caries (bacteria), and trauma. The nerve fibers are unable to distinguish the cause of the pain. is what function of the pulp

A

sensory

79
Q

dentin-producing cells (odontoblasts) produce dentin throughout the life of the tooth. This is called secondary dentin. is what function of the pulp

A

formative

80
Q

The branch of dentistry concerned with the morphology, physiology, & pathology of the human dental pulp and periradicular tissues.

A

endodontics

81
Q

Portion of the root canal system within the anatomical crown, area where injury to pulp can occur, and most blood vessels are located

A

pulp chamber

82
Q

Extensions of the pulp chamber coronally

A

pulp horn

83
Q

Where the pulp chamber joins the pulp located within the root

A

pulp orifices

84
Q

the main opening at the apex of the root through which pass the nerves and blood vessels supplying the pulp.

A

apical constriction

85
Q

the smallest diameter of canal as it exits the tooth.

A

apical foramen

86
Q

what is the general shape of the area including the apical constriction and apical foramen

A

funnel shaped

87
Q

the apical foramen connects what two things

A

the pulp to the rest of the body

88
Q

Canal connecting the pulp with the periodontal tissue. The canal/s exit the root at the accessory foramen. Most occur in the apical 1/3, second most are in the furcation area.

A

accessory canal

89
Q

in general the pulp shape reflects what

A

the shape of the crown

90
Q

average tooth and pulp are fully complete how many years after eruption

A

4.5

91
Q

what two things cause change in root morphology

A

physiological age and irritants

92
Q

abrasion, erosion, attrition, caries and periodontal disease are examples of what

A

irritants

93
Q

Connective tissue and vessels but are not thought to supply pulp with collateral circulation is which type of canal

A

lateral canals

94
Q

where are lateral canals most common

A

in apical 1/3 of root

95
Q

The closer two canal orifices are to each other, the more likely they are to connect with each other at some other point along their path to the apex, TRUE OR FALSE

A

True

96
Q

When one canal splits into two in a facial-lingual direction, the lingual canal may separate at a very sharp angle. The facial canal is usually the one with direct access to the apex. This sharp angle is known as a

A

fast break

97
Q

when two canals join to form one, which canal is the one with the direct access to the apex

A

lingual

98
Q

Degree of curvature, As the degree of curvature increases what happens

A

the cases become more difficult

99
Q

Radius of curvature, as the radius of the curvature decreases what happens

A

the cases become more difficult

100
Q

the cases become more difficult as what increases and what decreases

A

increase curvature, and decrease angle of curvature

101
Q

Greater radius, smaller angle (degree) Smaller radius, greater angle (degree) which one is more difficult

A

smaller radius, greater angle

102
Q

The floor of the pulp chamber is always located in the center of the tooth at the level of the CEJ. Is what law

A

law of centrality

103
Q

The walls of the pulp chamber are always concentric (extending out equally in all directions) to the external surface of the tooth at the level of the cervical line. which law?

A

law of concentricity

104
Q

The CEJ is the most consistent, repeatable landmark for locating the position of the pulp chamber.

A

law of CEJ

105
Q

what tends to be darker than the surrounding tooth structure when considering root structure

A

pulp chamber floors

106
Q

what are always located at the junction of the walls & floors

A

canal orifices

107
Q

Reparative dentin and calcification can obscure what two things

A

pulp chamber floor and canal orifices

108
Q

occasionally there are developmental lines that are darker than the pulp chamber floor that are called

A

root fusion lines

109
Q

If one canal exists where is it located

A

in the center of the preparation

110
Q

if only one orifice is found and it is not located at the center of the correct prep you must

A

look for the other orifices

111
Q

Primary mandibular central incisor eruption

A

8 months

112
Q

Primary maxillary central incisors eruption

A

10 months

113
Q

Primary mandibular lateral incisors eruption

A

13 months

114
Q

Primary maxillary lateral incisors eruption

A

11 months

115
Q

Primary maxillary 1st Molar

A

16 months

116
Q

Primary mandibular 1st Molar

A

16 months

117
Q

Primary maxillary canine

A

19 months

118
Q

Primary mandibular canine

A

20 months

119
Q

Primary mandibular 2nd molar

A

27 months

120
Q

Primary maxillary 2nd molar

A

29 months

121
Q

Permanent maxillary and mandibular 1st molar crown completion is when

A

2-3

122
Q

Permanent Max and Mand central and lateral incisors crown completion

A

4-5

123
Q

Permanent max and mand 1st premolar crown completion

A

5-6

124
Q

permanent max and mand 2nd premolar and max and mand canine crown completion

A

6-7

125
Q

Permanent max and mand 2nd molars crown completion

A

7-8

126
Q

Permanent max and mand 3rd molars crown completion

A

12-16

127
Q

Primary max central incisor crown completion

A

1.5 months

128
Q

Primary mand central incisors and max lateral incisors crown completion

A

2.5 months

129
Q

Primary mand lateral incisors crown completion

A

3

130
Q

Primary mand 1st molar crown completion

A

5.5

131
Q

Primary max 1st molar crown completion

A

6

132
Q

Primary max and mand canines crown completion

A

9

133
Q

Primary mand 2nd molar crown completion

A

10

134
Q

Primary max 2nd molar crown completion

A

11

135
Q

permanent Mand 1st molar, max 1st molar mand central incisor eruption

A

6-7

136
Q

permanent mandibular lateral incisors and max central incisor eruption

A

7-8

137
Q

permanent max lateral incisors eruption

A

8-9

138
Q

permanent mand canine eruption

A

9-10

139
Q

permanent max 1st premolar eruption

A

10-11

140
Q

permanent mand 1st premolar and max 2nd premolar eruption

A

10-12

141
Q

permanent mand 2nd premolar and max canine eruption

A

11-12

142
Q

permanent mand 2nd molar and max 2nd molar eruption

A

11-13

143
Q

permanent max and hand 3rd molar eruption

A

17-21

144
Q

Primary root completion max central incisors, mand central and lateral incisors root completion

A

1.5

145
Q

Primary max lateral incisors root completion

A

2

146
Q

Primary mand 1st molar root completion

A

2.25

147
Q

Primary max 1st molar root completion

A

2.5

148
Q

Primary max and mand 2nd molar root completion

A

3

149
Q

Primary max and mand canines root completion

A

3.25

150
Q

Permanent Mand central incisors root completion

A

9

151
Q

Permanent max and mand 1st molar root completion

A

9-10

152
Q

Permanent max central and mand lateral incisors root completion

A

10

153
Q

Permanent max lateral incisors root completion

A

11

154
Q

Permanent max and mand 1st premolar root completion

A

12-13

155
Q

Permanent mand canines and max 2nd premolars root completion

A

12-14

156
Q

Permanent mand 2nd premolars root completion

A

13-14

157
Q

Permanent max canines completion

A

13-15

158
Q

Permanent mand 2nd molars completion

A

14-15

159
Q

Permanent max 2nd molars completion

A

14-16

160
Q

Permanent max and mand 3rd molars completion

A

18-25

161
Q

With a type IV vertucci classification, how many distinct roots will be present at the apical end

A

2

162
Q

What are located in the apex of the root

A

apical foramen and apical constriction

163
Q

Regarding the root

A

Irritants, such as caries, periodontal disease, and trauma, can change the morphology

164
Q

Which primary anterior tooth is symmetrical

A

Mandibular central I

165
Q

Which of the following teeth erupt in the intertransitional phase

A

No teeth erupt during this period

166
Q

The first primary teeth to erupt are _______ and the last primary teeth that erupt are_____?

A

O, P and A, J

167
Q

In the formation of a classic radiographic image, which of the following elements is NOT necessary?

a. X-rays
b. Object- tooth, bone
c. Image receptor- traditional film, digital sensor
d. Contrast density equalizer
e. viewer

A

D

168
Q

Which structure has the highest radiopacity on a radiograph

A

dental amalgam

169
Q

one root one canal is what type of vertucci

A

type 1

170
Q

two canals that become one root is what type of vertucci

A

type 2

171
Q

one canal that splits to make two and then rejoins is what type of vertucci

A

type 3

172
Q

third molars erupt following what period

A

second transition period

Dental Morphology (5 decks)

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