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NSG 203 > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

What is marasmus?

A

Severe malnutrition - protein-energy under nutrition

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2
Q

What is Kwashiorkor?

A

Lack of protein

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3
Q

What is starvation?

A

Lack of nutrients

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4
Q

What is Basal Metabolic Rate?

A

Minimum amt of energy required for body to function

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5
Q

What are the 2 major biochemical processes?

A

Anabolism, Catabolism

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6
Q

What is anabolism?

A

Protein synthesis - Anabolism Adds Amino Acids together

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7
Q

What is catabolism

A

Catabolism is the CATAstrophic breakdown of proteins for energy

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8
Q

What are the macro nutrients?

A

Carbs, Fats, Proteins, Water

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9
Q

Micronutrients

A

Vitamins, minerals, electrolytes

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10
Q

Triglycerides are the _____ _____ lipids in food

A

Most abundant

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11
Q

Trans fatty acids

A

Raise the body’s cholesterol

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12
Q

What are the 2 unsaturated “essential” fatty acids?

A

Omega-3 and Omega-6

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13
Q

Fat soluble vitamins are:

A

A, D, E, K (A fat DEK)

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14
Q

Water Soluble Vitamins

A

Vit C and B’s

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15
Q

Water soluble vitamins are involved in the production of what?

A

RBCs

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16
Q

Vitamin D: (1)
Vitamin K: (1)
Vitamin C: (2)

A

Vitamin D: bone structure
Vitamin K: clotting
Vitamin C: healing, immunity

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17
Q

K+ plays a major role in what body system?

A

Heart/Cardio

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18
Q

Na+ plays a role in what body system?

A

Brain/Neuro

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19
Q

Antioxidants protect against ____ _____ and _____.

A

Free radicals and disease.

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20
Q

Where does digestion begin?

A

In the mouth

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21
Q

Digestive enzymes ____________.

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A

Breakdown food for digestion.

22
Q

What does bile do?

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A

Breaks down fats

23
Q

Where is insulin produced?

24
Q

Where is bile stored?

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A

In the liver.

25
Where are the nutrients absorbed?
In the SMALL intestine
26
How much dietary Na+ per day?
<2300 mg/day
27
What is the vasomotor symptoms that occur w/in 30 minutes of eating?
Dumping Syndrome
28
Obesity = BMI of _____
30 or higher
29
Morbid Obesity is BMI of _____
40 or higher
30
Anorexia can have body image _____
Distortion
31
Joint Commission says Mini Nutritional Assesment (MNA) must be completed within _____ of admission
24 hours
32
What does malnutrition do to the hair? (5 things)
Thin Dry Stiff Lack of shine Lose pigment, appear pale
33
What does malnutrition do to the skin? (6 things)
Dry skin Rough Pallor Bruise easy or petechiae Poor skin turgor Dry, cracked lips
34
Is BMI a independent assessment?
No - it’s part of a full body assessment
35
Swallow studies are needed for which type of patients? (2)
Dysphasia and those at risk for aspiration
36
What 2 nutrition factors contribute to diarrhea?
High fat intake Use of artificial sweeteners
37
What labs would we assess for nutrition assessment? (5)
Albumin Prealbumin Transferin Hgb, Hct Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine
38
What data supports “impaired nutritional intake”? (3)
Inadequate intake Cachectic appearance (wasting) 18 kg/40# wt loss in 6 months
39
What data supports “impaired swallowing”? (2)
Neurological damage (ex: CVA) Gagging, choking, coughing with intake
40
What data supports “impaired self-feeding”? (2)
Sensory and motor deficits (ex: spinal cord injury) BUE paralysis
41
What macronutrient should you increase in older adults (>65)?
PROTEIN
42
What’s are the 2 most important things to remember when administering meds through a G-tube?
Dissolve meds in water (never add directly into G-tube) Give meds separately
43
What do you document regarding feeding tubes? (5)
1. Complications following PEG tube placement 2. Assess skin 3. Patent? 4. Patient tolerance of feeding 5. Patient and family teaching r/t tube care and maintenance
44
What type of nutrition is given using a PICC line or CVC by means of an infusion pump?
TPN
45
What is an NG tube used for? (5)
Short-term feeding Suction stomach contents Irrigation of the stomach Decompress the stomach Allows GI to rest/heal
46
What is the only way to verify placement of an NG tube?
X-ray
47
What major thing to watch for while inserting NG tube? Why?
C/O difficulty breathing (it went into the lungs)
48
How often do you assess placement?
Q shift
49
Where should the HOB be?
45-90 degrees
50
NG tubes: Flush c _____mL of water every _____ hours. Why?
30mL of water every 4 hours. To keep the tube patent.

NSG 203 (1 decks)

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