test 3

Question 1

constructivism

Answer 1

construct our own knowledge and view of the world. the minds of children at different ages use different approaches to analyze the world

Question 2

Piaget was interested in

Answer 2

cognition

Question 3

scheme

Answer 3

organizes existing knowledge, mental framework, concept, prototype. template for evaluating new experience, a group of similar items or skills

Question 4

organization

Answer 4

combine existing schemas into new, more complex ones. information is organized as schemas

Question 5

adaption

Answer 5

adjusting to the environment through cognitive disequilibrium and equilibrium

Question 6

assimilation

Answer 6

the process of bringing new objects or information into an existing scheme, interprets new experiences in terms

Question 7

accommodation

Answer 7

modifies schema or creates new ones to fit new information

Question 8

cognitive conflict/ disequilibrium

Answer 8

new information dosent fit into existing schemas

Question 9

cognitive equilibrium

Answer 9

can comfortably respond to new information with existing cognitive framework

Question 10

how did Piaget over and underestimate young abilities?

Answer 10

he failed to distinguish between competence and performance

Question 11

how did Piaget contribute to the study of children’s cognitive development?

Answer 11

created the stages to determine of what age these children are thinking at

Question 12

how was his stages criticized?

Answer 12

some kids learn faster or slower than others

Question 13

sensoriomotor stage age

Answer 13

0- 2

Question 14

preoperational stage age

Answer 14

2-7

Question 15

concrete stage age

Answer 15

7-10

Question 16

formal operational stage age

Answer 16

11<

Question 17

sensorimotor stage

Answer 17

experience the world through looking, touching and mouthing

Question 18

stage 1 of sensorimotor

Answer 18

first month
reflexive
infants exercise reflexes. steady coordination of arm, eye, hand and mouth

Question 19

stage 2 of sensorimotor

Answer 19

1-4 months
primary circular reactions
first habit, repeating interesting acts centered on body

Question 20

stage 3 sensorimotor

Answer 20

4-8 months
secondary circular reactions
direct activity outside themselves, repeat on interesting acts on object in environment, shake rattle, produce results in environment, learn about world

Question 21

stage 4 sensorimotor

Answer 21

8-12 months
coordination of secondary schemes
goal-oriented, complete acts, action to solve problem, put down object to grab another, intentionally

Question 22

stage 5 sensorimotor

Answer 22

12-18 months
tertiary circular reactions
repetition with variation
new ways to solve problems or produce outcomes

Question 23

stage 6 sensorimotor

Answer 23

18-24 months
beginning of thought
object permanence, has insight and solve problems mentally

Question 24

mnemonic for sensorimotor stages

Answer 24

Rachel posts snapchats concerning the bears

Question 25

object permanence

Answer 25

the awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived. out of sight, out of mind, displacements a not be error, true object permanence

Question 26

out of sight out of mind

Answer 26

will not search 0-8 months

Question 27

a not b error

Answer 27

searches last successful place, 8-18 months

Question 28

true object permanence

Answer 28

can think about objects when not present, 18-24 months

Question 29

accomplishments of sensorimotor?

Answer 29

SM period, object permanence and symbolic capacity

Question 30

symbolic capacity

Answer 30

represent things with images and words

Question 31

animism/ anthropomorphism

Answer 31

attributing life, consciousness to objects

Question 32

egocentrism

Answer 32

"we wanted you to get a toy, but daddy said you'd like flowers"

Question 33

centration

Answer 33

focus on only one dimension at a time, sometimes the most salient, not the most important

Question 34

static thought

Answer 34

cannot mentally transform from one state to another, experiences is like a series of snapshots, not a movie

Question 35

irreversible thinking

Answer 35

cannot mentally undo or reverse an action

Question 36

lack of conversation because

Answer 36

centration, irreversible thinking, static thought

Question 37

intuitive thought

Answer 37

based on past experiences, reasoning that is neither conscoious nor rational

Question 38

they can do basic classification but problems with

Answer 38

class inclusion

Question 39

what is the three mountains task?

Answer 39

assess visual perspective taking in children

Question 40

concrete logic

Answer 40

mental actions using logic on real concrete objects

Question 41

conservation

Answer 41

a superficial change in appearance does not change the fundamental properties of the object

Question 42

conservations and their ages

Answer 42

liquid, mass, number- 6-7 years area- 9-10 volume 9-12

Question 43

reversibility

Answer 43

mentally undo what was just done

Question 44

decentration

Answer 44

con focus on more than one aspect of a problem

Question 45

seriation

Answer 45

arranging items according to increasing or decreasing dimension

Question 46

transitivity

Answer 46

if A > B and B > C, which is greater a or c

Question 47

non-egocentric

Answer 47

can take others perspectives

Question 48

abstract logic

Answer 48

mental actions on ideas, can think about the hypothetical

Question 49

hypothetical-deductive reasoning

Answer 49

from the general to the specific

Question 50

when do kids usually not believe in Santa?

Answer 50

5-6 or when they hit concrete operational

Question 51

vygotsky emphasized

Answer 51

learning, sociocultural

Question 52

zone of proximal development

Answer 52

what a learner can do independently

Question 53

scaffolding

Answer 53

structuring a learning situation so learning becomes easier, giving guidelines for completing a task, organizing the task, dividing into smaller, feedback

Question 54

meditation

Answer 54

adult proposes meanings and interpretations of objects and events, introduces concepts, knowledge, skills and strategies

Question 55

dualism

Answer 55

right or wrong

Question 56

multiplicity and relativism

Answer 56

many views, contextual

Question 57

commitment

Answer 57

what is right for you

Question 58

what are three things that characterize post formal thinking?

Answer 58

practical, realistic, and more individualistic

Question 59

microsystem

Answer 59

immediate environment, direct effect

Question 60

mesosystem

Answer 60

interrelationships of microsystem

Question 61

exosystem

Answer 61

external, social settings that have indirect effects

Question 62

macrosystem

Answer 62

society, world events, the planet, historical era

Question 63

chronosystem

Answer 63

time

Question 64

nature

Answer 64

inborn similar stages in any language, brain structures for language, realitively few errors

Question 65

nurture

Answer 65

learned, environmental view some exposure to spoken language seems necessary

Question 66

under what conditions do older adults have trouble understanding speech

Answer 66

presbucusis and tinnitus

Question 67

what aspects of older people speech are different from younger adults?

Answer 67

decrease in complexity of sentences