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test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

________ neutralizes the acidity of chyme from the stomach.
a. Sodium bicarbonate
b. Bile
c. Trypsin
d. Pancreatic amylase

A

sodium bicarbonate

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2
Q

The myelin sheath:
a. is a protein covering around dendrites.
b. is a covering around cell bodies.
c. is a covering only around axons.
d. is responsible for integrating information.

A

is a covering only around axons.

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3
Q

The pulmonary artery carries blood away from the
a. right ventricle.
b. left atrium.
c. right atrium.
d. aorta.

A

right ventricle

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4
Q

As an animal grows larger, the surface area increases by the mathematical ____ of its dimensions.
a. square
b. square root
c. cube
d. doubling

A

square

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5
Q

Which of the following are true of neuron transmitter substances?
a. May be excitatory or stimulatory.
b. Could include acetylcholine.
c. Both A & B.
d. Neither A nor B.

A

both a & b

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6
Q

Cilia lining the respiratory tubes beat mucus upward in order to:
a. conduct the mucus that contains particles to the pharynx and away from the lungs.
b. moisten the bronchioles.
c. provide mucus to the lungs to prevent them from dehydrating.
d. promote gas exchange by providing mucus for the respiratory surfaces.

A

conduct the mucus that contains particles to the pharynx and away from the lungs.

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7
Q

Which of the following eye conditions is NOT treated with corrective lenses?
a. astigmatism
b. cataracts
c. nearsightedness
d. farsightedness

A

cataracts

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8
Q

Cones are
a. sensitive to blue light.
b. sensitive to green light.
c. sensitive to red light.
d. All the above.

A

all of the above

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9
Q

Blood in arteries
a. travels from the lungs.
b. is always oxygen-rich.
c. always travels away from the heart.
d. always travels toward the heart.

A

always travels away from the heart.

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10
Q

Which of the following statements concerning an exoskeleton is false?
a. It is composed of living tissue that grows along with the animal.
b. It is capable of providing protection against predators or pathogens.
c. Although the exoskeleton is rigid, it allows for flexibility.
d. It may act as an anchor to which muscles attach.

A

It is composed of living tissue that grows along with the animal

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11
Q

The lymphoid organs include all but the
a. thymus.
b. spleen.
c. stomach.
d. All the above are lymphoid organs.

A

stomach

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12
Q

Which bridges the gap between a neuron sending a message and the neuron receiving it?
a. action potential
b. neurotransmitter
c. threshold value
d. neurohormone

A

neurotransmitters

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

Which organisms have a hydrostatic skeleton with a soft body wall?
a. Chordata
b. Porifera
c. Arthropoda
d. Cnidaria

A

cnidaria

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15
Q

Muscle tissue is involved in all of the following except:
a. the circulation of blood.
b. the movement of food through the digestive system.
c. locomotion.
d. None of the above, all of these are functions of muscles

A

none of the above

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16
Q

The semilunar valves:
a. prevent blood from moving from the arteries back into the ventricles.
b. prevent blood from moving from the atria back into the veins.
c. prevent blood from moving backwards in the capillaries.
d. prevent blood from moving from the ventricles back into the atria.

A

prevent blood from moving from the arteries back into the ventricles.

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17
Q

The part of the central nervous system that is composed of parts that work against each other is the
a. peripheral nervous system composed of the cranial and spinal nervous system.
b. central nervous system composed of the brain and spinal cord.
c. autonomic nervous system composed of the sympathetic and parasympathetic subsystems.
d. none of these; the muscular system is the only system with antagonistic subset systems

A

autonomic nervous system composed of the sympathetic and parasympathetic subsystems.

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18
Q

Nutrients absorbed by the intestines move directly to the liver, which
a. converts excess glucose to glycogen.
b. converts glucose to alcohol.
c. converts the nutrients into monomers.
d. None of the above.

A

converts excess glucose to glycogen.

19
Q

Color vision:
a. is limited to vertebrates.
b. depends on blue, green, and red cones in primates.
c. is the result of different concentrations of the photopigment rhodopsin.
d. All of the above.

A

depends on blue, green, and red cones in primates.

20
Q

Blood leaves the _______ to the aorta.
a. left atrium
b. right ventricle
c. left ventricle
d. right atrium

A

left ventricle

21
Q

Skeletal muscles produce movement by pulling on ____________, which attach to bones.
a. sarcomeres
b. ligaments
c. cross bridges
d. tendons

A

tendons

22
Q

The tubular structure that moves food by peristalsis from the mouth to the stomach is the
a. tongue.
b. glottis.
c. esophagus.
d. epiglottis.

A

esophagus

23
Q

The dentition of omnivores is specialized for ______ in their diets.
a. meat only
b. bacteria only
c. plants only
d. both plants and meat

A

both plant and animal meat

24
Q

Epithelial cells lining the intestine have surface projections that increase nutrient absorption. These projections are called
a. villi.
b. flagella.
c. cilia.
d. None of the above.

A

villi

25
Q

Which of the following includes all the others?
a. I-band
b. myosin
c. sarcomere
d. actin

A

sarcomere

26
Q

Which of the following would NOT be a part of the central nervous system?
a. cerebellum
b. pons
c. spinal nerves
d. medulla

A

spinal nerves

27
Q

What happens to nutrient macromolecules in an animal’s digestive tract?
a. Nutrient macromolecules are digested into monomers before absorption.
b. They are absorbed whole and are broken down into monomers in cells that ultimately use them.
c. The digestive breakdown of macromolecules is keyed to the body’s need for monomers; only the monomers that are immediately needed are produced.
d. Proteins and nucleic acids are digested into monomers before absorption; energy-storage macromolecules (starch and fat) are absorbed whole.

A

Nutrient macromolecules are digested into monomers before absorption.

28
Q

Which of the following statements about the muscular system is NOT true?
a. Muscles can move a bone by pushing or pulling it as they contract.
b. Muscles are attached to bones by tendons.
c. Muscles work in pairs across a joint.
d. All the above are true.

A

Muscles can move a bone by pushing or pulling it as they contract.

29
Q

What name is given to the sheet of muscle that helps move air in and out of the lungs?
a. larynx
b. diaphragm
c. alveolus
d. trachea

A

diaphragm

30
Q

Which of the following are NOT actively involved in nerve impulse transmission?
a. neuroglia
b. ganglia
c. neuron
d. interneuron

A

neuroglia

31
Q

When a neuron is at rest
a. there is a voltage difference across the membrane of about -70 millivolts.
b. the interior is negatively charged.
c. it is not responding to a stimulus.
d. All the above.

A

all of the above

32
Q

In nearsightedness, light rays are brought into focus
a. unevenly across the retina.
b. in back of the retina.
c. in front of the retina.
d. on the retina.

A

in front of the retina

33
Q

Which of the following is NOT found in the middle ear?
a. hammer
b. pinna
c. stirrup
d. anvil

A

pinna

34
Q

Which of the following is NOT true of a neuron at resting potential?
a. interior of neuron has negative charge
b. more potassium ions inside neuron
c. more sodium ions outside neuron
d. interior of neuron is positive

A

interior of neuron is positive

35
Q

A skeletal system may include all of the following except:
a. a system of bones.
b. myosin.
c. a fluid-filled compartment.
d. an exoskeleton.

A

myosin

36
Q

Which of the following structures function(s) to bend light rays?
a. lens and cornea
b. ciliary body
c. rods and cones
d. choroid

A

lens and cornea

37
Q

Olfactory receptors can detect chemicals best when they are in what form?
a. liquid
b. solid
c. vaporized
d. oxidized

A

vaporized

38
Q

Skeletal systems can serve all of the following purposes except:
a. protection.
b. allowing for movement.
c. contraction.
d. attachment for muscles.

A

contraction

39
Q

The exchange of gases between an organism and its environment is known as:
a. respiration.
b. inhalation.
c. exhalation.
d. aeration.

A

respiration

40
Q

A respiratory system is needed if an organism is too ____________ to rely on the diffusion of gases through the body’s tissues.
a. long
b. thick
c. small
d. thin

A

thick

41
Q

Mechanoreceptors are located in
a. tendons.
b. joints.
c. skin.
d. All the above

A

all of the above

42
Q

Fish can control buoyancy by:
a. inflating the chambers of their tracheae.
b. expelling air from their lungs.
c. holding air in their lungs.
d. adjusting the amount of gas in their swim bladders.

A

adjusting the amount of gas in their swim bladders.

43
Q

Which of the following statements is false?
a. The rate of blood flow varies throughout the circulatory system.
b. The function of the heart is to generate pressure to make the blood flow through the circulatory system.
c. The systemic circuit carries oxygenated blood.
d. Humans have an open circulatory system.

A

Humans have an open circulatory system.

44
Q

During muscle contractions
a. the actin filaments move toward the middle of the sacromere during contraction and away on relaxation.
b. the actin and myosin filaments slide over each other.
c. the muscle thickens.
d. All the above

A

all of the above

BioSci (30 decks)

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