Test 3

Question 1

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

o Support
o Protection
o Mineral Storage
o Blood Cell Production

Question 2

Diaphysis

Answer 2

Shaft of the bone made of compact bone and filled with yellow marrow

Question 3

Epiphysis

Answer 3

Ends of the bone; spongy bone surrounded by compact bone

Question 4

The epiphysis contains what 3 things?

Answer 4

1. Red Bone Marrow
2. The Growth Plate
3. Epiphyseal Plate

Question 5

Red Bone Marrow

Answer 5

• Site of blood cell production

* Found in spongy bong and flat bones

Question 6

Growth Plate

Answer 6

Region in which bone increases in length

Question 7

Epiphyseal Line

Answer 7

Remnant of growth plate

Question 8

Medullary Cavity

Answer 8

Space within diaphysis and increases strength of bone

Question 9

Yellow Bone Marrow is located where?

Answer 9

The diaphysis

Question 10

What is the function of yellow bone marrow?

Answer 10

Fat Storage

Question 11

Compact Bone

Answer 11

o Composed of osteons

o Surrounds Medullary cavity of diaphysis and the epiphyses

Question 12

Spongy Bone

Answer 12

Composed of bony struts filled with red bone marrow

Question 13

Articular Cartilage

Answer 13

Cartilage (hyaline) found on ends (epiphyses)

Question 14

Periosteum

Answer 14

Fibrous connective tissue membrane covering compact bone except at articulating surfaces

Question 15

The structure of long bones include what?

Answer 15

• Diaphysis
• Epiphysis
• Medullary Cavity
• Compact Bone
• Spongy Bone
• Articular Cartilage
• Periosteum

Question 16

What are the 3 types of Bone Cells?

Answer 16

1. Osteoblasts
2. Osteocytes
3. Osteoclasts

Question 17

Osteoblasts

Answer 17

o Secrete the bone tissue

o Bone forming cells

Question 18

Osteocytes

Answer 18

o Mature bone cells

o Osteoclasts “trapped” in the bone tissue they secreted

Question 19

Osteoclasts

Answer 19

o Break down bone tissue for bone remodeling

Question 20

Bone Repair includes what 4 steps?

Answer 20

• Blood Clot Formation
• Fibrocartilage Callus
• Bony Callus
• Bone Remodeling

Question 21

Blood Clot Formation

Answer 21

6-8 hrs – Blood clot formed between broken bone

Question 22

Fibrocartilage Callus

Answer 22

3 weeks – cartilaginous callus forms between broken bones

Question 23

Bony Callus

Answer 23

3-4 months – cartilaginous callus is turned to bone

Question 24

Bone Remodeling

Answer 24

Old bone tissue is replaced by new bone tissue

Question 25

Bone renewal at a rate of up to 18% per year?

Answer 25

Bone Remodeling

Question 26

Remodeling allows bones to respond to what?

Answer 26

Stress

Question 27

Bone Remodeling regulates calcium levels in the blood through what two hormones?

Answer 27

 Parathyroid hormone |  Calcitonin

Question 28

Parathyroid Hormone

Answer 28

increased blood calcium by accelerating bone recycling

Question 29

Calcitonin

Answer 29

decrease blood calcium

Question 30

What are the 3 Bones of Skeletal System?

Answer 30

1. Ligaments 2. Axial Skeleton 3. Appendicular Skeleton

Question 31

Ligaments

Answer 31

o Dense connective tissue | o Connect bone to bone

Question 32

Axial Skelton

Answer 32

Bones located along mid-longitudinal axis of body

Question 33

Appendicular Skeleton

Answer 33

Bones of appendages and bones connecting appendages to the axial skeleton

Question 34

Joints includes what 4 things?

Answer 34

1. Articulations 2. Fibrous 3. Cartilaginous 4. Synovial

Question 35

Articulations

Answer 35

Regions where 2 bones meet

Question 36

Fibrous

Answer 36

Usually immovable such as the sutures between cranial bones

Question 37

Cartilaginous

Answer 37

Slightly movable such as the intervertebral disks

Question 38

Synovial

Answer 38

Freely movable joints