Test 3

Question 1

What is a sound wave?

Answer 1

a

Question 2

What are the 3 Properties of Sound?

Answer 2

FAT

Question 3

What is Frequency?

Answer 3

a

Question 4

What is a Period?

Answer 4

a

Question 5

What is a Wavelength?

Answer 5

The distance of one vibratory cycle (Compression and Rarefraction) and can be determined by taking the Speed of Sound (1130 ft/sec) and dividing it by the Frequency.

Question 6

What is Pitch?

Answer 6

The mind’s interpretation of frequency

Question 7

What is Amplitude?

Answer 7

The maximum displacement from a resting position

Question 8

What is Loudness?

Answer 8

The mind’s interpretation of amplitude

Question 9

What is Sound Intensity?

Answer 9

Sound Power per Unit Area

Question 10

What is Sound Pressure?

Answer 10

Local Pressure Deviation as compared with Atmospheric Pressure

Question 11

What is Decibels?

Answer 11

The Ratio of a given Intensity to the threshold of hearing

Question 12

What is Timbre?

Answer 12

The quality of a sound, note or tone that distinguishes different types of sound production

Question 13

What is Timbre determined by..?

Answer 13

NDRIFT

Question 14

How is the Basic Color of Timbre interpreted?

Answer 14

1. Size of Body
2. VF size and configuration
3. Supra-glottal Resonance Cavities

Question 15

What is Damping?

Answer 15

The time rate at which energy dissipates in a vibrating body

Question 16

What is Interference?

Answer 16

The effect produced, by 2 or more super-imposed sound waves, that either Reinforces, Negates or Neutralizes each other.
Constructive (in phase) v Destructive (out of phase)

Question 17

What is resonance?

Answer 17

The relationship between 2 vibrating bodies with the result being an increase in amplitude and a more efficient sound wave

Question 18

What are the 4 Acoustical Laws concerning Resonance Cavities?

Answer 18

1. Volume- Larger= Lower Frequency; Smaller= Higher
2. Size of Aperture- Longer= Lower Frequency; Short= Higher
3. Texture of Walls- Hard=High Harmonics; Soft= Low Harmonics
4. Conductivity Factor- coupling of resonances to enhance the Acoustical Information generated at the source

Question 19

How is the Voice like a Reed Instrument?

Answer 19

1. Air
2. VF like Double Reed
3. Resonance tube

Question 20

What are the 4 features of Vocal Sound?

Answer 20

.

Question 21

What are the two Resonance Cavities?

Answer 21

P and M

Question 22

What is the Pharynx?

Answer 22

k

Question 23

According to Garcia, which is the real mouth of the singer?

Answer 23

pharynx

Question 24

What is one major cause of constriction?

Answer 24

Disuse of Extrinsic Musculature

Question 25

According to Zemlin, what are the 3 Articulatory Motions that shape the Vocal Tract?

Answer 25

1. Location of Mjr Constriction along the length of the VT (hump of tongue) 2. Degree of Constriction (space between tongue and roof of mouth) 3. Length of VT (influenced by larynx and lips)

Question 26

Name the Palatal depressors, elevators and tensor.

Answer 26

Depressors: Glosso-palatine Pharyngo-palatine velum Elevators: Levator palatine Tensor palatine uvular muscle

Question 27

What is the Fauces?

Answer 27

The doorway from the oral cavity to the pharynx

Question 28

What are the effects of the movement of the face?

Answer 28

Face- Soft Palate- VeloPharyngeal opening- Flow (resistance of VT)- VF resistance- thickness of VF- pitch

Question 29

What is the Summary of the Resonance Chapter?

Answer 29

1. No perfect solution for resonance 2. Not effortful 3. Articulators shape the vocal tract to makes it acoustically sensitive to sound waves being produced by the VF 4. Interdependence of articulators of resonace tract with phonatory and breathing mechanism is key to maximum efficiency.