Test 3

Question 1

What are the types of muscles?

Answer 1

Involuntary smooth, cardiac, and voluntary skeletal muscle

Question 2

This type of muscle surrounds tubes (internal organs)

Answer 2

Involuntary smooth muscle

Question 3

This type of muscle has intercalated disks (gap junctions)

Answer 3

Cardiac muscle

Question 4

This is an electrical impulse that travels down a nerve when skeletal muscle contracts

Answer 4

Action potential

Question 5

A single nerve cell

Answer 5

Neuron

Question 6

Single muscle cell

Answer 6

Muscle fiber

Question 7

When – binds to the receptor on the sarcolemma the muscle cell generates an —

Answer 7

ACh

Action potential

Question 8

This is the plasma membrane of the muscle fiber

Answer 8

Sarcolemma

Question 9

This is the end of the motor nerve

Answer 9

Synaptic knob

Question 10

The synaptic knob contains millions of molecules of —?

Answer 10

ACh

Question 11

What happens when an action potential hits the synaptic knob?

Answer 11

Some ACh is released and bind to a receptor

Question 12

This is the region of the sarcolemma with ACh receptors?

Answer 12

Motor end plate

Question 13

This enzyme destroys ACh in order to prevent the muscle from being stuck in a contracted state

Answer 13

Achesterase

Question 14

This stores calcium and dumps it into the cell which causes contraction

Answer 14

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Question 15

The action potential travel across the sarcolemma and down–?

Answer 15

T-tubules

Question 16

When muscles get bigger it is because myofibrils are added to existing fibers

Answer 16

Hypertrophy

Question 17

Which myofibrils contain troponin?

Answer 17

Thin myofibrils

Question 18

Which myofibrils contain myosin and which contain actin?

Answer 18

Myosin= thick 
Actin= thin

Question 19

When a muscle contacts; this binds to troponin and pulls it off the active site of actin

Answer 19

Calcium

Question 20

When calcium pulls the troponin off of the active site of actin, what happens next?

Answer 20

The actin binds to the myosin heads

Question 21

When — are binded to – this causes the muscle cell to shorten (contract)

Answer 21

1. Myosin heads

2. Actin

Question 22

What is needed to release myosin heads off of the actin?

Answer 22

ATP

Question 23

What are the nervous system functions?

Answer 23

Sensory, integrative, motor

Question 24

What is the insulation on the axon?

Answer 24

Myelin

Question 25

A multipolar nerve cell is efferent or afferent?

Answer 25

Efferent

Question 26

A bi polar cell is efferent or afferent?

Answer 26

Afferent

Question 27

Special sense neurons are found in what type of cell?

Answer 27

Bipolar

Question 28

Somatic skeletal and visceral muscles and sensory nerves are found here

Answer 28

Unipolar cell

Question 29

Unipolar cell is afferent or efferent?

Answer 29

Afferent

Question 30

This group of neurons has ganglia

Answer 30

Peripheral neurons

Question 31

This type of neuron group has a nucleus

Answer 31

Central nervous system

Question 32

The central nervous system consists of what?

Answer 32

Brain and spinal cord

Question 33

The peripheral nervous system is made up of what types of nerves?

Answer 33

Afferent and efferent

Question 34

These carry info to the CNS, they are sensory nerves

Answer 34

Afferent nerves

Question 35

These nerves carry info away from the CNS, these are usually motor nerves

Answer 35

Efferent nerves

Question 36

In the peripheral nervous system there are 2 systems called?

Answer 36

1. Somatic system | 2. Autonomic system

Question 37

This system has motor nerves going to skeletal muscle, it is voluntary

Answer 37

Somatic system

Question 38

This system is involuntary and consists nerves going to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

Answer 38

Autonomic system

Question 39

These nerves have the 4 F's

Answer 39

Sympathetic nerves

Question 40

What are the 4 F's?

Answer 40

Flight, Fight, Frolic, Fright

Question 41

Name the neurotransmitters

Answer 41

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 42

In the autonomic system what receptors do the neurotransmitters bind to?

Answer 42

Alpha and beta

Question 43

These receptors ( alpha and beta) are collectively called?

Answer 43

Adrenergic receptors

Question 44

Autonomic system binding causes:

Answer 44

1. Blood routed away from GI and towards skeletal muscle 2. Heart rate increases 3. Respiratory rate increase 4. Trachea dilates 5. Pupils dilate

Question 45

What happens in the parasympathetic nerve system (rest and digest)

Answer 45

1. Release ACh 2. ACh binds to muscarinic or nicotonic receptors 3. Opposite effects of sympathetic

Question 46

Nicotinic and Muscarinic receptors are called ---?

Answer 46

Cholinergic receptors