Test 3

Question 1

What is temperature?

Answer 1

Average kinetic energy

Question 2

What are the three temperature scales?

Answer 2

Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin

Question 3

What is absolute zero?

Answer 3

When matter stops moving, thus cannot exist. It is at 0K

Question 4

Energy that transfers from one object to another due to a difference in temperature is _________.

Answer 4

Heat

Question 5

If heat stops flowing between two objects, they are in _______________.

Answer 5

Thermal equilibrium

Question 6

What is a calorie, and how does it relate to a joule?

Answer 6

A calorie is the energy it takes to raise the temperature of one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. One calorie equals 4.184 joules

Question 7

Explain the difference between a calorie and a Calorie

Answer 7

There are 1,000 calories in one Calorie

Question 8

Q=mcΔT

Answer 8

Q= energy (J)
M= mass (g)
C= specific heat (c or J)
ΔT= change in temperature

Question 9

What is the specific heat of water?

Answer 9

4.184 Joules

Question 10

Thermal expansion

Answer 10

In general, when an object is heated, it expands

Question 11

If heat is flowing from one thing to another, they are in __________________.

Answer 11

Thermal contact

Question 12

Conduction

Answer 12

Molecule to molecule contact

Question 13

Convection

Answer 13

Transfer of heat through fluids

Question 14

Radiation

Answer 14

Through EM waves, radiant energy travels in propagating waves of differing wavelengths

Question 15

Conductor

Answer 15

Readily transfer heat

Question 16

Insulator

Answer 16

Not good at transferring heat

Question 17

What law states the rate of cooling is proportional to temperature difference?

Answer 17

Newton’s Law of Cooling

Question 18

Evaporation

Answer 18

Liquid to gas

Question 19

Deposition/ condensation

Answer 19

Gas to liquid

Question 20

Is evaporation a warming or cooling process

Answer 20

Cooling

Question 21

Is condensation a warming or cooling process

Answer 21

Warming

Question 22

What does humidity measure?

Answer 22

Air and water vapor quantities

Question 23

Q=mL

Answer 23

Q= energy
M= mass
L= latent heat

Question 24

What temperature scale is always used for thermodynamics?

Answer 24

Kelvin

Question 25

Heat added = increase in internal energy + _________________

Answer 25

External work

Question 26

What does the second law of thermodynamics state?

Answer 26

Heat will never, of itself, flow from a cold object to a hot object

Question 27

What does the first law of thermodynamics state?

Answer 27

When heat is added to a system, it will transform into an equal amount of other energies

Question 28

Adiabatic

Answer 28

compression or expansion of a gas without heat entering or leaving a system

Question 29

Is anything ever truly adiabatic?

Answer 29

No

Question 30

Carnot efficiency

Answer 30

(Thot - Tcold)/ Thot

Question 31

Entropy

Answer 31

The degree of disorder

Question 32

Can entropy be reversed?

Answer 32

Yes, but work must be put into it

Question 33

Vibration

Answer 33

A "wiggle" in time

Question 34

Wave

Answer 34

A "wiggle" in time and space

Question 35

A transverse wave looks like a _____ curve as seen in trigonometry.

Answer 35

Sine

Question 36

What is the unit for frequency?

Answer 36

Hertz

Question 37

Transverse waves

Answer 37

- EM waves | - Motion is perpendicular to the wave motion

Question 38

Longitudinal waves

Answer 38

- Sound waves | - Motion is parallel to the wave motion

Question 39

Standing wave

Answer 39

A transverse wave goes back and forth creating nodes

Question 40

Nodes

Answer 40

A part of a transverse wave that does not move up and down

Question 41

What are two types of interferences in waves?

Answer 41

Constructive and destructive

Question 42

Doppler Effect

Answer 42

An apparent change in frequency due to motion

Question 43

What is the difference between a bow wave and a shock wave?

Answer 43

A bow wave is 2 dimensional while a shock wave is 3 dimensional

Question 44

How does a sonic boom occur?

Answer 44

An object has a faster velocity than sound waves

Question 45

Sound needs a ______ to travel

Answer 45

Medium

Question 46

All sound is due to the ________ of an object

Answer 46

Vibrations

Question 47

Compression

Answer 47

A pulse of closely packed air

Question 48

Rarefraction

Answer 48

A pulse of low pressure air

Question 49

Under what circumstances does the speed of sound change?

Answer 49

The phase of the medium and the temperature

Question 50

Pitch

Answer 50

Our subjective interpretation of frequency

Question 51

Loudness is proportional to the ____________ of a sound wave

Answer 51

amplitude squared

Question 52

Forced Vibration

Answer 52

movement of a vibration from one object to another

Question 53

What is the range of frequencies that humans can hear?

Answer 53

20-20,000 Hz

Question 54

What are frequencies less than 20 Hz called?

Answer 54

Infrasonic

Question 55

What are frequencies more than 20,000 Hz called?

Answer 55

Ultrasonic

Question 56

An object tends to vibrate uniquely due to what?

Answer 56

Natural frequency which is due to its physical properties

Question 57

Resonance

Answer 57

When forced vibrations equals the natural frequency of an object, the amplitude of the wave increase dramatically

Question 58

Beats

Answer 58

A periodic variation in the loudness of sound