Test 3

Question 1

CSF circulates in the:

Answer 1

subarachnoid space

Question 2

concerned with life support & basic functions (movement)

Answer 2

brainstem

Question 3

concerned w/ coordination of movement & works w/ brainstem to focus on functionality of muscles

Answer 3

cerebellum

Question 4

most advanced section of the brain in evolution

Answer 4

forebrain

Question 5

relay station

Answer 5

thalamus

Question 6

controls the ANS & cognition

Answer 6

hypothalamus

Question 7

regulates emotion

Answer 7

epithalamus

Question 8

controls intelligence, creativity & memory

Answer 8

cerebrum

Question 9

processes & communicates all information coming from the PNS, also translates the impulse into understandable feelings & thoughts

Answer 9

cerebral cortex

Question 10

processes voluntary muscle movements & higher functioning actions (thought & speech). Helps control mood, planning for future, setting goals, & making judgments

Answer 10

frontal lobe

Question 11

processes spatial awareness & receives information about temperature, taste, touch & movements; also processes reading and arithmetic

Answer 11

parietal lobe

Question 12

processes hearing, memory & language functions

Answer 12

temporal lobe

Question 13

assists in processing visual information

Answer 13

occipital lobe

Question 14

located in the frontal lobe, controls voluntary movement

Answer 14

motor cortex

Question 15

responsible for the formation of words or speech

Answer 15

Broca’s area

Question 16

Allows processing of words into coherent thought & understanding of written/spoken words

Answer 16

wernicke’s area

Question 17

maintains equilibrium, controls voluntary movement, predicts distance, gauges speed, keeps from overshooting

Answer 17

cerebellum

Question 18

crossing of the ____ ____ explains how damage to the right motor cortex affects movement on the left side of the body

Answer 18

corticospinal tract

Question 19

the right side of the cerebellum controls the __ side of the body

Answer 19

right

Question 20

portion of the brain that controls respiratory rate and pattern

Answer 20

pons

Question 21

four cranial nerves that originate from the pons:

Answer 21

trigeminal, abducens, facial & vestibulocochlear

Question 22

cardiac slowing center

Answer 22

medulla

Question 23

exists because the endothelial cells of cerebral capillaries are joined tightly together

Answer 23

blood brain barrier

Question 24

substances that can pass through the BBB include:

Answer 24

oxygen, CO2, EtOH, glucose, anesthetics, H20

Question 25

31 pairs of spinal nerves include:

Answer 25

``` 8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 coccygeal ```

Question 26

carries impulses from PNS to spinal cord

Answer 26

afferent (posterior branch)

Question 27

carries impulses from brain to muscles of the body

Answer 27

efferent (anterior branch)

Question 28

represents sensory input from spinal nerves to specific areas of skin

Answer 28

dermatomes

Question 29

describes the positioning of something

Answer 29

proprioception

Question 30

a closed circuit of spinal and peripheral nerves that requier no control by the brain

Answer 30

reflexes

Question 31

Patient may be somewhat confused though fully oriented when awake

Answer 31

awake & alert

Question 32

drowsy but follows simple commands when stimulated

Answer 32

lethargic

Question 33

arousable with stimulation; responds verbally with a word or 2; follows simple commands; otherwise drowsy

Answer 33

obtunded

Question 34

very hard to arouse; inconsistently may follow simple commands or speak simple words or short phrases; limited spontaneous movement

Answer 34

stuporous

Question 35

movements are purposeful when stimulated; does not follow commands or speak coherently

Answer 35

semicomatose

Question 36

may respond with reflexive posturing when stimulated or may have no response to any stimulus

Answer 36

comatose

Question 37

to assess motor response, painful stimuli may be applied for _____ before the patient is considered to not having a motor response

Answer 37

15-30 seconds

Question 38

cardinal sign of dysfunction in many neurological disorders is:

Answer 38

muscle weakness

Question 39

posturing where one or both arms are in full flexion on the chest, legs may be stiffly extended

Answer 39

decorticate posturing

Question 40

posturing where one or both arms stiffly extend, possible extension of the legs

Answer 40

decerebrate

Question 41

worst of the posturing is:

Answer 41

decerebrate

Question 42

unilateral paralysis

Answer 42

hemiparesis

Question 43

unilateral symptoms of paralysis from a contralateral brain lesion

Answer 43

hemiplegia

Question 44

bilateral paralysis from the waist down

Answer 44

paraplegia

Question 45

paralysis resulting from a spinal cord lesion or from peripheral nerve dysfunction

Answer 45

paraplegia

Question 46

associated with cervical spinal lesions, brainstem dysfunction, or large bilateral lesions in the cerebrum

Answer 46

quadriplegia

Question 47

determined with the finger to nose test, if patient overshoots is said to demonstrate ___

Answer 47

dysmetria

Question 48

reflex assessment score that indicates evidence of disease, electrolyte imbalance, or both. Associated with clonic contractions

Answer 48

4+

Question 49

reflex assessment score of a brisk response, possibly indicating disease

Answer 49

3+

Question 50

The 3 cardinal findings of braindeath

Answer 50

coma Absence of brainstem reflex Apnea

Question 51

priority care for a patient having a migraine is:

Answer 51

pain management

Question 52

adenosine's action:

Answer 52

dilates blood vesels and promotes inflammation

Question 53

severe migraines are treated with: ___ which work by:

Answer 53

triptans; activating serotonin receptors

Question 54

triptans should be taken:

Answer 54

as soon as migraine symptoms develop

Question 55

patients taking triptans should be taught to: (4)

Answer 55

1- report angina 2- use contraception 3- expect side effects (flushing, tingling, hot sensation) 4- don't take with SSRI antidepressants or st. john's wort

Question 56

beta blockers are used for migraines to:

Answer 56

decrease excitability of neurons

Question 57

brief, intense, unilateral pains (30-120 mins) occur in the fall/spring without warning

Answer 57

cluster headaches

Question 58

the most common chronic short-duration headaches:

Answer 58

cluster headaches

Question 59

related to vasoreactivity & neurogenic inflammation; may be related to overactive-enlarged hypothalamus

Answer 59

cluster headaches

Question 60

described as excruciating, boring, drilling, non-throbbing & around the eye, unilateral, oculotemporal/oculofrontal

Answer 60

cluster headaches

Question 61

remission for cluster headaches is around:

Answer 61

9 months

Question 62

patient often paces, walks, sits & rocks

Answer 62

cluster headaches