Test 3

Question 1

The hereditary material found in all cells is

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

If the protein coat of a virus that infects a bacterium is labeled with radioactive sulfur and the DNA of the virus is labeled with radioactive phosphorus, over time only the

Answer 2

phosphorus will be found inside the bacterium.

Question 3

The individual(s) credited with the discovery of the structure of DNA is (are)

Answer 3

James Watson and Francis Crick.

Question 4

The amount of adenine is always equal to the amount of

Answer 4

Thymine in DNA

Question 5

Which of the following have nitrogenous bases correctly paired in DNA?

Answer 5

adenine—thymine; guanine—cytosine.

Question 6

A nucleotide contains

Answer 6

DNA and RNA

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true about DNA?

Answer 7

contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.

Question 8

The enzyme that is used to join complementary DNA nucleotides together is

Answer 8

DNA polymerase.

Question 9

Because one original strand of the double-stranded helix is found in each daughter cell, the replication process is called

Answer 9

Semi-conservation.

Question 10

In semiconservative DNA replication, each new double helix formed will have

Answer 10

one new and one old strand in each helix.

Question 11

A gene is physically located on a _____ in the nucleus of a cell.

Answer 11

Chromosome.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT true about RNA?

Answer 12

RNA forms a helix.

Question 13

Which of the following nucleotide bases is found only in RNA, not in DNA?

Answer 13

Uracil.

Question 14

The function of transfer RNA is to

Answer 14

carry amino acids to ribosomes.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT part of gene expression?

Answer 15

Replication.

Question 16

Which of the classes of RNA molecules carries the genetic information from the nucleus as it is needed for the construction of a protein?

Answer 16

Messenger RNA.

Question 17

Prior to protein synthesis, the DNA serves as a template for the production of

Answer 17

mRNA

Question 18

In modern biochemical genetics, the flow of inherited information is from

Answer 18

DNA → RNA → protein.

Question 19

If one strand of DNA has the base sequence AAGCAA, the complementary strand has which of the following sequences?

Answer 19

TTCGTT

Question 20

During the process of transcription, the information in DNA is converted into

Answer 20

RNA information.

Question 21

Which is the process by which a protein is constructed in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells?

Answer 21

Transition.

Question 22

Which is the process that synthesizes mRNA?

Answer 22

Translation.

Question 23

Which is NOT true about the genetic code?

Answer 23

It is exactly the same in all organisms.

Question 24

The ____ of a tRNA molecule will base-pair with the codon of a mRNA molecule.

Answer 24

Anticodon.

Question 25

The correct sequence of events in the production of a polypeptide is

Answer 25

initiation → elongation → termination

Question 26

The site of translation is the

Answer 26

Ribosome.

Question 27

A man is color blind. What is the likelihood that his son will be color blind because of him?

Answer 27

50%

Question 28

Assume that having three nostrils is inherited as a Y-linked trait. A man with three nostrils has a daughter who has a son with a man who has only two nostrils. What is the probability that the three-nostriled man’s grandson has three nostrils?

Answer 28

0%

Question 29

Hemophilia in humans is due to an X-chromosome mutation. What will be the results of mating between a normal (non-carrier) female and a hemophilac male?

Answer 29

Daughters will be the carriers and the sons will be normal.

Question 30

A human female "carrier" who is heterozygous for the recessive, sex-linked trait causing hemophilia gets married to a normal male. What proportion of their male progeny will be hemophiliac?

Answer 30

50%

Question 31

Women have sex chromosomes of XX, and men have sex chromosomes of XY. Which of a man's grandparents could not be the source of any of the genes on his Y-chromosome?

Answer 31

Mothers mother.

Question 32

Women have sex chromosomes of XX, and men have sex chromosomes of XY. Which of a women's grandparents could not be the source of any of the genes on either of her X-chromosomes?

Answer 32

Fathers father.

Question 33

In Mendel's experiments, if the gene for tall (T) plants was incompletely dominant over the gene for short (t) plants, what would be the result of crossing two Tt plants?

Answer 33

1/4 would be tall; 1/2 intermediate height; 1/4 short.

Question 34

You have a form of a gene that gives you long eyelashes and another form that gives you short eyelashes. What is the term for the different forms of the gene?

Answer 34

Allele.

Question 35

Attached earlobes are dominant over detached earlobes. A father has attached earlobes and is homozygous for the trait. The mother has detached earlobes. What is the likelihood that their children will be heterozygous for the earlobe trait?

Answer 35

25%

Question 36

Living organisms are assigned to groups based upon

Answer 36

their similarities and evolutionary relationships.

Question 37

________ is the discipline of indentifying and classifying organisms. Taxonomy.

Answer 37

taxonomy.

Question 38

Fossils are ___________.

Answer 38

mineralized bones of animals, plants pressed into shale, footprints, worm casts or preserved worm droppings.

Question 39

_____ structures are anatomical features that are fully developed and functional in one group of organisms but are reduced and functionless in similar groups.

Answer 39

Vestigal.

Question 40

The main characteristics to consider when classifying living things are:

Answer 40

Type of cell, number of cells, method of acquiring nutrition.

Question 41

Which is NOT a characteristic of Kingdom Monera?

Answer 41

Acquire nutrition by infecting host.

Question 42

Which is NOT a characteristic of Kingdom Protista?

Answer 42

They are bacterias.

Question 43

Which is NOT a characteristic of Kingdom Fungi?

Answer 43

Eat living things.

Question 44

The Categories of Classification rank high to low from least inclusive to most inclusive.

Answer 44

True.

Question 45

The correct binomial name for humans is?

Answer 45

Homo sapiens.

Question 46

Charles Darwin was the first to demonstrate that changes to phenotype acquired during an individuals lifetime result in genetic changes that are heritable.

Answer 46

True.

Question 47

occurs over a long period of time. Happens to populatios not individuals.

Answer 47

Evolution

Question 48

______ is changes in allele frequencies in a population or evolutionary change within populations.

Answer 48

Microevolution.

Question 49

______ has occurred when there is a change in gene pool frequencies.

Answer 49

Microevolution.

Question 50

______ provides new alleles and therefore underlies all other mechanisms that produce variation.

Answer 50

Mutation.

Question 51

In nature, ______ lead(s) to small populations in which genetic drift drastically affects gene pool frequencies.

Answer 51

Founder effect and bottleneck effect.

Question 52

Natural selection is the process by which populations become ______ to their environment

Answer 52

Adapted.

Question 53

Nonrandom mating occurs when individuals pair up, NOT by chance, but according to their

Answer 53

Genotypes or phenotypes.

Question 54

Some cancers have proven to be evolutionary beneficial.

Answer 54

True.

Question 55

There is scientific evidence of evolution within some species that have occurred during the human lifetime?

Answer 55

True.