Test 3 Flashcards
(32 cards)
What were the reasons behind the growth of the lumbar industry in Michigan?
After the clearing of forests on the east coast, loggers were attracted to the white pine forests in MI.
What 9 cities were associated with the lumbar industry in MI?
Alpena, Bay City, Cheboygan, Grand Haven, Manistee, Muskegon, Saginaw, and Traverse City
Where did lumberers in MI immigrate from?
New England states, Canada, and the Scandinavian Peninsula
What factors determined Saginaw to be a central site for the lumber industry?
Convenient access to water transportation, such as the Saginaw River
What factor caused the UP to become a major producer of lumber?
when the white pine forests in the LP began to dwindle
What were the environmental consequences of lumbering?
Constant fires became a hazard to navigation in Michigan
Henry Crapo
Businessman, mayor of Flint, and eventually, governor of Michigan
Charles Hackley
One of the very famous lumbar barons – he made a fortune off of the lumber industry.
What city did Hackley donate a lot of money to?
Muskegon
David Whitney
Famous lumber baron from MA. He used his riches to built many buildings in Detroit.
What are 6 leading minerals mined in Michigan?
Copper, coal, iron ore, gypsum, salt, and limestone
Why does Michigan have such large salt deposits?
due to the great glaciers that covered Michigan long ago.
What building stones are quarried in Michigan?
Sandstone and Limestone
Where is the gold and silver in MI located?
In the UP
When was copper mining the most profitable?
in the 1840’s and 1850’s
What were the 2 leading copper mines in Michigan?
Calumet and Hecla Consolidated and the Copper Range Company
Which copper mine was the most productive?
Calumet and Hecia Consolidated
What were the leading ethnicities of the miners who worked in the UP mining industry? (6)
Cornishmen, Swedes, Finns, Norwegians, Slovenians, and Irishmen
How was railroad construction funded?
Sponsored by federal land grants
How did funding for railroads bypass the constitution of 1850?
the state legislature began passing a series of special acts from 1863 granting local communities the right to pass bond issues supporting railroad projects
What mode of transportation was most economical for transporting ore to market?
Ships!
- How did the railroad companies seek new revenues after the decline of the lumber industry?
a. They attempted to attract new settlers to Michigan by offering land they had received as land grants for sale at low prices
What 4 towns became important in the new tourist industry?
Petosky, Harbor Springs, Charlevoix, and Mackinac Island
- What was the significance of the Chicago’s World Fair of 1896 for the rise of the automobile industry?
Many people viewed the inventions and that stimulated them to improve their own engines
