Test 3 ch 51 Flashcards
(47 cards)
The nurse explains that the negative feedback inhibition controls hormone release by communication between which two anatomical areas?
a. the pituitary and the target organ.
b. the thymus and the bloodstream.
c. lymphatic system and the target organ.
d. central nervous system and the bloodstream.
a. the pituitary and the target organ.
Which diagnostic test for diabetes mellitus provides a measure of glucose levels for the previous 8 to 12 weeks?
a. Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
b. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGT)
c. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
d. Postprandial glucose test (PPBG)
c. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Which test will furnish immediate feedback for a newly diagnosed diabetic who is not yet under control?
a. Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
b. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
c. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
d. Clinitest
a. Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
To which diet should a patient with Cushing syndrome adhere?
a. Less sodium
b. More calories
c. Less potassium
d. More carbohydrates
a. Less sodium
The patient is a 20-year-old college student who has type 1 diabetes and normally walks each evening as part of an exercise regimen. The patient plans to enroll in a swimming class. Which adjustment will the nurse suggest to the patient based on this information?
a. Time the morning insulin injection so that the peak action will occur during
swimming class.
b. Delete normal walks on swimming class days.
c. Delay the meal before the swimming class until the session is over.
d. Monitor glucose level before, during, and after swimming to determine the need
for alterations in food or insulin.
d. Monitor glucose level before, during, and after swimming to determine the need
for alterations in food or insulin.
Which disorder is a long-term complication of diabetes mellitus?
a. Diverticulitis
b. Renal failure
c. Hypothyroidism
d. Hyperglycemia
b. Renal failure
A patient has returned to his room after a thyroidectomy with signs of thyroid crisis. During thyroid crisis, exaggerated hyperthyroid manifestations may lead to the development of which potentially lethal complication?
a. severe nausea and vomiting.
b. bradycardia.
c. delirium with restlessness.
d. congestive heart failure.
d. congestive heart failure.
In diabetes insipidus, a deficiency of which hormone causes clinical manifestations?
a. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
b. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
c. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
a. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
The nurse expects to see which intervention in the plan of care for a patient who has recently been diagnosed with acromegaly?
a. Encourage fluids
b. Maintain leg joints in flexion
c. Assist with activities of daily living
d. Monitor for episodes of bleeding into the joints
c. Assist with activities of daily living
The use of radioactive iodine in the treatment of hyperthyroidism is for which purpose?
a. stimulate the thyroid gland.
b. depress the pituitary.
c. destroy some of the thyroid tissue.
d. alter the stimulus from the pituitary.
c. destroy some of the thyroid tissue.
Which precaution(s) will the nurse take when caring for a patient who is being treated with radioactive iodine 131 (RAIU)?
a. Initiate radioactive safety precautions.
b. Avoid assigning any young woman to the patient.
c. Wait 3 days after dose before assigning a pregnant nurse to care for this patient.
d. Advise visitors to sit at least 10 ft away from the patient.
c. Wait 3 days after dose before assigning a pregnant nurse to care for this patient.
For which reason would a patient with hyperthyroidism be prescribed the drug methimazole?
a. To limit the effect of the pituitary on the thyroid.
b. To destroy part of the hyperactive thyroid tissue.
c. To stimulate the pineal gland.
d. To block the production of thyroid hormones.
d. To block the production of thyroid hormones.
The nurse will place the patient who has had a thyroidectomy in which position postoperatively?
a. Prone
b. Semi-Fowler
c. Side-lying
d. Supine
b. Semi-Fowler
Which extra equipment will the nurse provide at the bedside of a patient who has returned to the nursing unit after a thyroidectomy three hours ago?
a. Large bandage scissors
b. Tracheotomy tray
c. Ventilator
d. Water-sealed drainage system
b. Tracheotomy tray
As the nurse is shaving a patient who is 2 days postoperative from a thyroidectomy, the patient has a spasm of the facial muscles. The nurse will recognize this as whichsign?
a. Chvostek sign
b. Montgomery sign
c. Trousseau sign
d. Homans’ sign
a. Chvostek sign
Lispro has an onset of action within how many minutes?
a. 90
b. 60
c. 15
d. 45
c. 15
Which information will the nurse provide a patient with type I diabetes regarding excessive exercise?
a. It can increase the need for insulin and may result inhyperglycemia.
b. It can decrease the need for insulin and may result inhypoglycemia.
c. It can increase muscle bulk and may result in malabsorption of insulin.
d. It can decrease metabolic demand and may result in metabolic acidosis.
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b. It can decrease the need for insulin and may result inhypoglycemia.
Which condition does the Chvostek sign and the Trousseau sign indicate?
a. Low levels of serum calcium
b. High levels of blood sugar
c. Low levels of serum sodium
d. High levels of serum aldosterone
a. Low levels of serum calcium
A patient has undergone tests that indicate a deficiency of the parathyroid hormone secretion. The nurse will inform the patient of which potential complication?
a. Osteoporosis
b. Lethargy
c. Laryngeal spasms
d. Kidney stones
c. Laryngeal spasms
The nurse caring for a 75-year-old man who has developed diabetes insipidus following a head injury expects to see which aspect emphasized in the plan of care?
a. limiting fluids to 1500 mL a day.
b. encouraging physical exercise.
c. protecting patient from injury.
d. discouraging daytime naps.
c. protecting patient from injury.
The health care provider orders an 1800-calorie diabetic diet and 40 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously daily for a patient with diabetes mellitus. For which reason will a mid-afternoon snack of milk and crackers be given?
a. To improve nutrition.
b. To improve carbohydrate metabolism.
c. To prevent hypoglycemia
d. To prevent diabetic coma.
c. To prevent hypoglycemia
The nurse teaching a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) will include which information about early signs of hypoglycemia?
a. abdominal pain and nausea.
b. dyspnea and pallor.
c. flushing of the skin and headache.
d. hunger and a trembling sensation.
d. hunger and a trembling sensation.
The nurse discovers a patient with type I diabetes drowsy and tremulous, the skin is cool and moist, and the respirations are 32 and shallow. The nurse recognizes the patient is having which type of reaction and quickly provides which intervention?
a. hypoglycemic reaction; give 6 oz of orange juice.
b. hyperglycemic reaction; give ordered regular insulin.
c. hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic reaction; squeeze glucagon gel in buccal
cavity.
d. hypoglycemic reaction; give ordered insulin.
a. hypoglycemic reaction; give 6 oz of orange juice.
A patient has come to the clinic because of enlarged hands and feet, amenorrhea, and increased hair growth. These symptoms most likely indicate problems with which endocrine gland?
a. pituitary gland.
b. adrenal glands.
c. thyroid gland.
d. pancreas.
a. pituitary gland.
