TEST 3: Personality Flashcards
Define personality
characteristics, emotional responses, thoughts, and behaviors that are relatively stable over time and across circumstances
Distinguish how the perspectives of psychology explain personality development.
Freud- Psychodynamic theory:
psychodynamic theory: personality is rooted in unconscious conflicts between our desires and actual experiences
Describe how Maslow’s hierarchy of needs relates to personality.
allows us to maximize our own potential, potential for self growth, free choice
Discuss how Bandura uses the social-cognitive perspective to explain personality.
emphasizes the role of observational learning in personality development. can preform adequately in a situation due to self-efficacy. Reciprocal determinism: returned interactions exist among cognitions, environment, and behavior
Explain why reliability and validity are important in personality assessment.
reliability is important in making sure the tests will give the same answers, validity is important in making sure it is a proper test of what you are measuring (truthful)
Define projective tests and evaluate their strengths and limitations.
Assessments used to explore characteristics that might not be accessible through interview or observation. OPEN ENDED and SUBJECTIVE. POOR reliability and validity
Describe objective personality tests and evaluate their strengths and limitations.
objective personality tests use a standard set of questions with answer choices (true/false, multiple choice, circle the number) and have clear scoring instructions that are identical for everyone taking the test. GOOD reliability and validity. self report, some bias
Freud- structural model of personality
ID- basic biological urges (seeks immediate satisfaction)
EGO- pragmatic, reality principle (satisfy without violating superego rules)
SUPEREGO- family and societal rules (tell between right and wrong)
