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Surgical Tech 150 > Test 4 Pharmacology > Flashcards

Test 4 Pharmacology Flashcards

(86 cards)

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1
Q

What is controlled substance class 1?

A

high abuse potential
- no medical approval
Ex heroin, LSD

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2
Q

What is controlled substance class 2?

A

-High abuse potential
-Ability to produce physical and psychological dependence
-medical approval needed
Ex Oxy, codeine, morphine

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3
Q

What is controlled substance class 3?

A

-Less potential for abuse
- medical approval needed
-Ex hydrocodone, codeine

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4
Q

What is controlled substance class 4?

A

Low potential for abuse
Medical approval needed
Ex benzos (Valium and Ativan)

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5
Q

What is controlled substance class 5?

A

Narcotics to treat couching and diarrhea
No prescription needed
OTC
Ex couch syrup with codeine

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6
Q

What is a nonprescription drug?

A

Drug with safe dose
No prescription needed
Ex ibuprofen 200mg

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7
Q

What is a prescription drug?

A

Need a prescription
Can cause harm if used wrong
Ex ibuprofen 800mg

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8
Q

PLLR (pregnancy and lactation labeling rule) category A

A

Well documented
No risk to fetus
Ex folic acid, magnesium sulfate

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9
Q

PLLR class B

A

No fetal risk to animal trials
Ex cyclobenzaprine, amoxicillin

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10
Q

PLLR class C

A

Evidence of fetal risk in animals
Benefits outweigh risks
Ex Tramadol, gabapentin, prednisone

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11
Q

PLLR class D

A

Risk in humans trials
Benefit may outweigh risk
Ex lisinopril, alprazolam, losartan, lorazepam

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12
Q

PLLR class X

A

Fetal abnormalities
Risks outweigh benefits
Ex atorvastatin, warfarin

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13
Q

PLLR class N

A

Drug not classified by FDA

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14
Q

What sources do drugs come from?

A

Animals
Biotechnology
Laboratory synthesis
Minerals
Plants

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15
Q

What are examples of drugs in gas form?

A

Inhalants
Nasal spray
Anesthesia gases

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16
Q

What are emulsion liquids?

A

2 liquids cannot mix
Ex propofol

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17
Q

What are solution liquids?

A

A Drug (solute) dissolved in water(solvent)

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18
Q

What are aqueous drugs?

A

Solution prepped with water (new or salt water)

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19
Q

What are syrup liquid drugs?

A

Sweetened aqueous solution
Ex cough syrup

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20
Q

What are tincture liquid drugs?

A

Solution prepared with alcohol
Ex benzoin

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21
Q

What is an elixir liquid drug?

A

Sweetened alcohol solution
Ex mucinex

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22
Q

What is a suspension liquid drug?

A

Solid particles within a liquid
Needs to be shaken
Ex milk of magnesia

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23
Q

What are semisolid drugs?

A

Creams, foams, gels, lotions, ointments, suppositories

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24
Q

What are solid drug forms?

A

Powder like capsule or tablets

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25
Additive
Alters the aspects of the action of the original agent Ex adding epinephrine to lidocaine
26
Drug agonist
Binds to the receptor site, causes a response
27
Drug antagonist
Binds to receptor site to prevent other meds from binding Can reverse effects Ex narcan to opioids
28
Drug synergist
Drugs act together to produce stronger affect then if each were alone (lower dosage given of each when together)
29
Therapeutic drug actions
Concentration/ dose used to produce desired result without producing harmful effects
30
What are indications
List of medical conditions that the medication is known to treat
31
What are contraindications
List of circumstances/ conditions medications should not be used Ex pregnancy, liver failure, renal failure
32
What are adverse drug effects
Undesired and potentially harmful effect that can lead to organ damage or failure Ex allergic reaction or rash (Harmful)
33
What are side effects
Expected, undesired, but tolerable Ex dry mouth, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness (Not harmful)
34
Enteral
Through GI tract By mouth or rectal
35
Parental
Injected not by mouth
36
Intra-articular
By artery
37
Intracardiac
By heart (right atrium)
38
Intradermal
By skin
39
Intramuscular (IM)
By muscle
40
Intrathecal
By spine
41
Intravenous (IV)
By vein
42
Retrobulbar
Behind the eye
43
Sub cuticular (SC or SQ)
Deeper in the skin
44
Topical route
Applied to skin or mucous membrane
45
Buccal route
By mouth
46
Inhalation route
By lungs
47
Intraocular route
By eye
48
Instillation route
Eye, ear, nose
49
Sublingual route
Under the tongue
50
What are the 6 rights?
Right drug Right dose Right route Right patient Right time Right documentation
51
Normal body temperature
98.6 F = 37C
52
Dosage formula
(Desired amount over have amount) times available Ex (50mg/100mg)x 1ml= 0.5ml
53
Analgesic
Symptom- pain Effects- pain relief
54
Opioids/narcotic
Symptoms- moderate to severe pain Effects -tx postoperative pain -respiratory depression
55
Narcotic antagonist
Narcan Symptoms- respiratory depression Effects- reverses effects of narcotics
56
Analgesic antipyretic
Symptoms - pain and fever Effects - pain relief, fever reduction
57
Anticoagulants
Symptoms -Having vascular surgery -Prone to DVT Effects -increase blood coagulation time - prevent clot formation
58
Fibrinolytics
Symptoms - has a blood clot Effects -breaks up blood clot
59
Anticonvulsant
Symptoms - seizures Effects - tx of tonic/clonic seizures
60
Antiemetic
Symptoms - having surgery - experiencing nausea/vomiting Effects - prevent post op nausea - prevent aspiration
61
Antihistamine
Symptoms - allergic reaction Effects - counteracts hypersensitivity reaction
62
Anti-infective
Symptoms - having surgery - prophylactic therapy Effects - prophylactic measure - treat infection - treat sepsis
63
Adrenerics
Symptoms - local surgery - tx malignant hypotension Effects - added to prolong effect - causes vasoconstriction
64
Cholinergics
Symptoms - myasthenia gravis - autoimmune disorder - prevent bradycardia - receiving muscle relaxers Effects - reverse effects of muscle relaxants
65
Anti-cholinergics
Symptoms - experiencing bradycardia - experiencing bronchospasm - experiencing motion sickness - having surgery Effects - bronchodilator, decreases bronchial secretions, decreases GI secretion
66
Cardiac anti arrhythmia
Symptoms - abnormal rhythm Effects - tx ventricular tachycardia - tx ventricular fibrillation
67
Cardiac coronary dilator
Symptoms - experiencing myocardial ischemia, angina pectoral, hypertension, heart failure - cardiac bypass Effects - dilates coronary arteries
68
Cardiac inotropic
Symptoms - experiencing atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, heart failure Effects - increase strength and speed of myocardial contraction
69
Analeptic
CNS Symptoms - having surgery - respiratory depression Effects - cns stimulation - increase reflex excitability - stimulate respiratory and vasomotor receptors
70
Neuroleptic
CNS Symptoms - experiencing psychiatric disorders Effects - tx and manage symptoms of psychiatric disorders
71
Coagulants, hemolytic, and sealants
Symptoms - bleeding Effects - stops bleeding
72
Contrast medium
Symptoms - outline internal structures Effects - structure is outlined * remove bubbles from solution*
73
Diuretic
Symptoms - increased intercranial pressure - increased introcular pressure Effects - removes fluids - increase urine output
74
Dyes
Symptoms - hard to find structures - need to mark surgical site Effects - tissue absorbs the dye
75
Gastric H2- receptor blockers
Symptoms - having surgery Effects - alters ph of gastric secretions - reduce gastric volume - promotes pyloric emptying
76
Gastric proton-pump inhibitor
Symptoms - acidic stomach Effects - reduces stomach acid
77
Corticosteroids
Inhibit inflammatory process Decrease edema Maintain adrenal hormone levels Tx shock
78
Insulin
Management of blood glucose
79
Glucagon
Tx hypoglycemia Dilates sphincter of Oddi for ERCP
80
Prostaglandin
Lipid with hormone like actions when tissue damage
81
Estrogen cream
Tx of inflamed vagina
82
Irrigation solutions
Symptoms - contaminated surface Effects - irrigation of contaminated
83
Iv fluids
Symptoms - hypovolemia Effects - tx hypovolemia
84
Sedative hypnotic
Symptoms - preop anxiety Effects - tx preop anxiety - intraoperative sedation
85
Staining
Symptoms - has dysplasia Effects - healthy tissue picks up stain
86
Tranquilizer
Symptoms - preop anxiety Effects - decrease anxiety - provides sedation and amnesia

Surgical Tech 150 (15 decks)

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