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Advanced Pharmacology > Test 4 - Pulm > Flashcards

Test 4 - Pulm Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs to treat ashtma

A 
Beta 2 agonists - sympathomimetic agents 
Theophylline (methylxanthines)
Antimuscarinic agents
Corticosteroids
Leukotriene pathway inhibitors
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2
Q

B2 agonist MOA

A

Bind to b2 receptors on smooth muscle — activates AC to yield CAMP which relaxes bronchial and tracheal smooth muscle

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3
Q

Short acting b2 agonists

A

Albuterol and levalbuterol

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4
Q

Long acting b2 agonists

A

Advair - salmeterol/fluticasone

Symbicort - Formoterol/budenoside

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5
Q

SABA duration of action

A

4 hours

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6
Q

Max bronchodilation with SABA achieved after ___________ of inhalation

A

15 minutes

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7
Q

This Saba is a purer form and causes less tachycardia

A

Levalbuterol

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8
Q

Salmeterol/Formoterol duration of action

A

12 hours - 2x a day dosing

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9
Q

Salmeterol/Formoterol always used in combo with a _____________

A

Corticosteroid

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10
Q

Sympathomimetic (b2) AE

A

Transient tachy, palpitations, tremor, excitability, headache, hypokalemia

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11
Q

Theophylline is given _________

A

Orally

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12
Q

Theophylline requires _______________

A

Therpeutic drug monitoring

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13
Q

Due to side effects and newer agents, Theophylline is now used as an add-on for

A

Maintenance therapy in refractory disease

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14
Q

Short acting antimuscarinic

A

Ipatropium (atrovent)

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15
Q

Long acting antimuscarinic

A

Tiotropium (spiriva)

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16
Q

Ipratropium is given via inhalation route for ___________

A

Acute episodes of asthma

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17
Q

Ipratropium has _________ systemic absorption. It does not enter the _______

A

Minimal; CNS

18
Q

Ipratropium has enhanced bronchodilation when combined with _________

A

Albuterol

19
Q

Ipratropium bromide + albuterol=

A

Combivent

20
Q

Tiotropium is used for as maintenance therapy for _________

A

COPD

21
Q

Corticosteroids inhibit the production of _____________

A

Cytokines

22
Q

Are corticosteroids bronchodilators?

A

NO

23
Q

Corticosteroids reduce _____________

A

Hyper-reactivity

24
Q

Corticosteroids are given routinely via inhalation as ____________ in moderate to severe asthma

A

Maintenance therapy

25
Q

Corticosteroids are given via oral route for ___________ AND ___________

A

Severe, acute episodes and refractory disease

26
Q

Common corticosteroid side effects

A

Hoarseness and oral thrush (rinse mouth!)

27
Q

Inhaled corticosteroid agents

A

Budenoside

Fluticasone

28
Q

Leukotrine pathway inhibitor agents

A

Singulair and Zyflo

29
Q

LPI most commonly used

A

Singulair

30
Q

Zyflo is associated with __________

A

Liver toxicity

31
Q

LPIs are given __________

A

Orally

32
Q

LPIs are used for __________

A

Maintenance control

33
Q

Reassess pt ________ after each med adjustment

A

2-6 weeks

34
Q

Baseline treatment for ashtma

A

SABA for rescue (everyone should have!)

35
Q

SABA > 2 times per week first step

A

Low dose inhaled steroid or singulair (LPI)

36
Q

SABA > 2 x a week second step

A

Medium dosed inhaled steroid OR

Add LABA/steroid

37
Q

SABA > 2x a week third step

A

Medium dosed inhaled steroid + LABA

38
Q

SABA > 2x a week fourth step

A

Consult asthma specialist for addition of oral steroids, high dose inhaled steroid, antibody

39
Q

____________ more commonly seen in COPD vs. Asthma

A

Long-acting antimuscarinics

40
Q

_______ is not used in COPD

A

IgE

41
Q

___________ are usually dosed significantly higher in COPD

A

Corticosteroids

42
Q

___________ may be used if infection is present with COPD

A

Antibiotics

Advanced Pharmacology (8 decks)

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