Test 4 - Pulm Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs to treat ashtma

A
Beta 2 agonists - sympathomimetic agents 
Theophylline (methylxanthines)
Antimuscarinic agents
Corticosteroids
Leukotriene pathway inhibitors
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2
Q

B2 agonist MOA

A

Bind to b2 receptors on smooth muscle — activates AC to yield CAMP which relaxes bronchial and tracheal smooth muscle

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3
Q

Short acting b2 agonists

A

Albuterol and levalbuterol

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4
Q

Long acting b2 agonists

A

Advair - salmeterol/fluticasone

Symbicort - Formoterol/budenoside

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5
Q

SABA duration of action

A

4 hours

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6
Q

Max bronchodilation with SABA achieved after ___________ of inhalation

A

15 minutes

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7
Q

This Saba is a purer form and causes less tachycardia

A

Levalbuterol

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8
Q

Salmeterol/Formoterol duration of action

A

12 hours - 2x a day dosing

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9
Q

Salmeterol/Formoterol always used in combo with a _____________

A

Corticosteroid

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10
Q

Sympathomimetic (b2) AE

A

Transient tachy, palpitations, tremor, excitability, headache, hypokalemia

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11
Q

Theophylline is given _________

A

Orally

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12
Q

Theophylline requires _______________

A

Therpeutic drug monitoring

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13
Q

Due to side effects and newer agents, Theophylline is now used as an add-on for

A

Maintenance therapy in refractory disease

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14
Q

Short acting antimuscarinic

A

Ipatropium (atrovent)

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15
Q

Long acting antimuscarinic

A

Tiotropium (spiriva)

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16
Q

Ipratropium is given via inhalation route for ___________

A

Acute episodes of asthma

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17
Q

Ipratropium has _________ systemic absorption. It does not enter the _______

A

Minimal; CNS

18
Q

Ipratropium has enhanced bronchodilation when combined with _________

19
Q

Ipratropium bromide + albuterol=

20
Q

Tiotropium is used for as maintenance therapy for _________

21
Q

Corticosteroids inhibit the production of _____________

22
Q

Are corticosteroids bronchodilators?

23
Q

Corticosteroids reduce _____________

A

Hyper-reactivity

24
Q

Corticosteroids are given routinely via inhalation as ____________ in moderate to severe asthma

A

Maintenance therapy

25
Corticosteroids are given via oral route for ___________ AND ___________
Severe, acute episodes and refractory disease
26
Common corticosteroid side effects
Hoarseness and oral thrush (rinse mouth!)
27
Inhaled corticosteroid agents
Budenoside | Fluticasone
28
Leukotrine pathway inhibitor agents
Singulair and Zyflo
29
LPI most commonly used
Singulair
30
Zyflo is associated with __________
Liver toxicity
31
LPIs are given __________
Orally
32
LPIs are used for __________
Maintenance control
33
Reassess pt ________ after each med adjustment
2-6 weeks
34
Baseline treatment for ashtma
SABA for rescue (everyone should have!)
35
SABA > 2 times per week first step
Low dose inhaled steroid or singulair (LPI)
36
SABA > 2 x a week second step
Medium dosed inhaled steroid OR | Add LABA/steroid
37
SABA > 2x a week third step
Medium dosed inhaled steroid + LABA
38
SABA > 2x a week fourth step
Consult asthma specialist for addition of oral steroids, high dose inhaled steroid, antibody
39
____________ more commonly seen in COPD vs. Asthma
Long-acting antimuscarinics
40
_______ is not used in COPD
IgE
41
___________ are usually dosed significantly higher in COPD
Corticosteroids
42
___________ may be used if infection is present with COPD
Antibiotics