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Embalming > Test 4 Vocab and important Def. > Flashcards

Test 4 Vocab and important Def. Flashcards

1
Q

Circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that ends in suppuration and and is accompanied by systemic symptoms, such as fever and leukocytosis; Several communicating boils of the skin and subcutaneous tissues with the production and discharge of pus and dead tissue?

A

Carbuncle

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2
Q

Abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain?

A

Hydrocephalus

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3
Q

Chemical in powder form that has the ability to absorb and to disinfect; often used in cavity treatment of autopsied cases?

A

Hardening Compound

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4
Q

The building up phase of of postmortem caloricity?

A

Anabolism

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5
Q

Between the cells of a structure?

A

Intercellular

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6
Q

An organic catalyst produced by living cells and capable of autolytic decomposition?

A

Enzyme

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7
Q

A specific antibody acting destructively upon cells and tissues?

A

Lysin

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8
Q

Established by drawing a line which connects the two points where the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi muscles blend into the arm?

A

Lateral Boundary

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9
Q

Method of mouth closure in which a suture is passed through the septum of the nose and around the mandible?

A

Mandibular Suture

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10
Q

Extravascular color change that occurs when heme, released by hemolysis of red blood cells, seeps through the cessel walls and into the body tissues

A

Postmortem Stain / Laking

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11
Q

Building blocks of which proteins are constructed, and the end products of protein digestion or hydrolysis. Their basic formula is NH2-CHR-COOH; an amino group, an alpha carbon, any aliphatic or aromatic radical, and a carboxyl group?

A

Amino Acid

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12
Q

The passage of solvent from a solution of lesser to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane?

A

Osmosis / Hindered Diffusion

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13
Q

Postmortem evacuation of any substance from and external orifice of the body as a result of pressure?

A

Purge

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14
Q

Separation of substances in solution by the difference in their rates of diffusion through a semipermeable membrane?

A

Dialysis/ Selective Diffusion

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15
Q

Drug-induced edema wherein the excess fluid is located within the cell. Upon palpation, there is no noticeable depression?

A

Solid Edema

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16
Q

An evaluation of exposures that are time-weighted over an established period. It allows the exposure levels to be averaged generally over an eight-hour time period?

A

TWA- Time Weighted Average

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17
Q

Ingredient of embalming fluids that retards the natural postmortem tendency of blood to become more viscous or prevents adverse reactions between blood and other embalming chemicals?

A

Anticoagulant Fluid

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18
Q

Fluid injected for purposes other than preservation and disinfection?

A

Supplemental Fluid

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19
Q

Extravascular movement of preservative fluids by gravitational force to the dependent areas of the body?

A

Gravity Filtration

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20
Q

An agent used to remove chemical constituents from municipal water supplies that could interfere with drainage and preservation?

A

Water Conditioner

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21
Q

Group of chemicals used in addition to vascular and cavity embalming fluids; includes but is not limited to: hardening compounds, preservative powders, sealing agents, mold preventative agents, and pack application agents?

A

Accessory Chemical

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22
Q

Distention of the pelvis and calyces of one or both kidneys with urine as a result of obstruction?

A

Hydronephrosis

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23
Q

Chemical in powder form; typically used for surface embalming of the remains?

A

Preservative Powder

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24
Q

Loss of Blood to the point where life can no longer be sustained?

A

Exsanguination

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25
Q

The substance that is dissolved in a solution?

A

Solute

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26
Q

Established by drawing a line which connects the two points where the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi muscles blend into the chest wall?

A

Medial Boundary of the Axillary Space

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27
Q

Necrotic tissue that is wet as a result of inadequate venous drainage; may be accompanied by bacterial infection?

A

Moist (Wet) Gangrene

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28
Q

The action of a force against an apposing force (a force applied or acting against resistance)?

A

Pressure

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29
Q

The difference between potential and actual pressure?

A

Differential Pressure

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30
Q

The maximum legal limits established by OSHA for regulated substances; these are baded on employee exposures that are time-weighted over an eight-hour work shift. When these limits are exceeded, employers must take proper steps to reduce employee exposure?

A

PEL- Permissible Exposure Limit

.75ppm (parts per million) for Formaldehyde

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31
Q

A non-toxic disinfectant suitable for the use on animal tissue?

A

Antiseptic

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32
Q

An influential person in medical embalming who is known as the “Father of Embalming”?

A

Frederick Ruysch

1665-1717

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33
Q

Chemicals which kill or render incapable of reproducing disease causing microorganisms?

A

Germicide

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34
Q

Conditions characterized by excessive concentration of bilirubin in the skin and tissues and deposition of excessive bile pigment in the skin, cornea, body fluids, and mucous membranes with the resulting yellow appearance of the patient?

A

Jaundice / Icterus

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35
Q

The presence of bacteria in the blood?

A

Bactermia

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36
Q

Chemicals added to the embalming solution to deal with varying demands predicated upon the embalming fluid to be used, type of embalming, and the environment?

A

Modifying Agents

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37
Q

The non protein portion of hemoglobin; the red pigment of the hemoglobin?

A

Heme

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38
Q

Grey discoloration of the body caused by the reaction of formaldehyde from the embalming process with hemoglobin to form methyl hemoglobin?

A

Formaldehyde Grey

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39
Q

Soft whitish crumbly or greasy material that forms upon the postmortem hydrolysis and hydrogenation of body fats?

A

Adipocere / Grave Wax

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40
Q

Method of mouth closure in which a suture is passed through the septum of the nose and through the mentalis muscle of the chin?

A

Musculature Suture

41
Q

Removal of particles (liquid or solid) from a solution, as it passes through a membrane or other partial barrier?

A

Filtration

42
Q

Process of soap formation; as related to decomposition, the conversion of fatty tissues of the body into a soapy waxy substance called adipocere or grave wax?

A

Saponification

43
Q

An agent, usually chemical, applied to inanimate objects/surfaces to destroy disease causing microbial agents, but USUALLY NOT BACTERIAL SPORES?

A

Disinfectant

44
Q

Postmortem accumulation of gas in tissues or cavities brought about by an anaerobic gas forming bacillus?

A

Tissue Gas

ex. clostridium perfringens

45
Q

Established by drawing a line along the fold of skin which envelopes the lateral border of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

Posterior Boundary of the Axillary Space

46
Q

Absorption of the fluid portion of the blood by the tissues after death resulting in postmortem edema?

A

Imbibition

47
Q

The increase size of an organ or part due to the excessive but regulated increase in the number of it’s cells?

A

Hyperplasia

48
Q

A paired bone with several processes that form the skeletal base of most of the superior face, roof of the mouth, sides of the nasal cavity, and floor of the orbit?

A

Maxilla

49
Q

The breaking down phase (ex cooling phase of postmortem caloricity from a point of maximum temperature until it reaches 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit)

A

Catabolism

50
Q

Positive intravascular pressure causing passage of embalming solution through the capillaries causing passage of embalming fluid from an intravascular to an wall to diffuse with the interstitial fluids; extravascular position?

A

Pressure Filtration

51
Q

The red respiratory portion of the red blood cells; iron containing pigment of red blood cells functioning to carry oxygen to the cells?

A

Hemoglobin

52
Q

Fluid in the supporting connective tissues surrounding body cells (about one-fifth the body weight)?

A

Interstitial Fluid

53
Q

Intravascular; the increase of viscosity of blood brought about by the clumping of particulate formed elements in the blood vessels which is a specific type of congealing?

A

Agglutination

54
Q

A substance bringing about precipitation. The oxilates formerly used in water conditioning chemicals are now illegal because of the poisonous nature to the embalmer?

A

Precipitant

55
Q

The movement of the arterial solution through the capillaries into the intercellular spaces, from intravascular to to an extravascular position?

A

Fluid Diffusion

56
Q

To force a fluid through (an organ or tissue), especially by way of the blood vessels; injection during vascular embalming?

A

Perfusion

57
Q

Injection of embalming chemicals directly into the tissues through the use of a syringe and needle or a trocar?

A

Hypodermic Embalming

58
Q

Acute, deep-seated inflammation in the skin which usually begin as a subcutaneous swelling in a hair follicle?

A

Boil / Furuncle

59
Q

Pathological death of a tissue still still part of the living organism?

A

Necrosis

60
Q

Antemortem necrosis in a wound infected by an anaerobic gas forming bacillus, the most common etiologic agent being clostridium perfringens?

A

Gas Gangrene

61
Q

Pathologic state, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the blood or other tissues?

A

Sepsis

62
Q

An organic compound containing nitrogen; any compounds formed from ammonia by replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by organic radicals. The general formula for primary amines is R-NH2?

A

Amine

63
Q

The pressure indicated by the injector gauge needle when the injector motor is running and the arterial tubing is clamped off?

A

Potential Pressure

64
Q

Destruction of red blood cells that liberates hemoglobin?

A

Hemolysis

65
Q

Postmortem, intravascular , red-blue discoloration resulting from hypostasis of blood, can usually by cleared via arterial injection and drainage?

A

Livor Mortis / Cadaveric Lividity / Postmortem Lividity

66
Q

The destruction of most pathogenic organisms and their products in or on the body?

A

Disinfection

67
Q

A liquid holding another substance in solution?

A

Solvent

68
Q

Established by drawing a line along the fold of skin which envelops the lateral border of the pectoralis major muscle?

A

Anterior Boundary of the Axillary Space

69
Q

Antemortem and/or postmortem settling of blood and/or fluids to dependent portions of the body?

A

Hypostasis

70
Q

Underdevelopment of a tissue, organ, or the body?

A

Hypoplasia

71
Q

Any one of a group of nitrogenous organic compounds formed by the action of the putrefactive bacteria on proteins; indole, skatole, cadaverine, and putrescine?

A

Ptomaine

72
Q

An injury caused by a blow without laceration; a contusion?

A

Bruise / Ecchymosis

73
Q

The dilution attained as the embalming solution is mixed in the embalming machine?

A

Primary Dilution

74
Q

Organelle that exists within a cell, but separate from the cell; contains hydrolytic enzymes that break down proteins and certain carbohydrates?

A

Lysosome

75
Q

These levels are established to ensure adequate protection of employees at exposures below the OSHA limits, but to minimize the compliance burdens for employers whose employees have exposures below the 8 hour permissible exposure limit ?

A

Action Level /
AL-Exposure Limits

The AL for formaldehyde is 0.5 ppm

76
Q

Condition characterized by the multiplication of bacteria in blood?

A

Septicemia

77
Q

Colorless, strong-smelling gas that when used in solution is a powerful preservative and disinfectant; a potential occupational carcinogen?

A

Formaldehyde / HCHO / CH2O

78
Q

A condition in which the vital signs of life are feebly maintained and there is a waxy rigidity of the body?

A

Catalepsy

79
Q

An influential person in medical embalming who is regarded as the “Father of Modern Embalming,” and “Father of Embalming in the United States.” [American]?

A

Dr. Thomas Holmes

1817-1900

80
Q

Condition in which interstitial spaces contain such excessive amounts of fluid that the skin remains depressed after palpation?

A

Pitting Edema

81
Q

a wasting, decrease in size of an organ or tissue?

A

Atrophy

82
Q

STEL Legal limits established by OSHA to which workers can be exposed continuously for a short period of time without damage or injury exposures at the STEL should not be for more than 15 minutes and not repeated more than 4 times per work day?

A

Short Term Exposure Limit / STEL

83
Q

Chemical that increases the ability of embalmed tissue to retain moisture?

A

Humectant

84
Q

A chemical which affects the stabilization of the acid-base(pH) balance within embalming solutions and in the embalmed tissues?

A

Buffers

85
Q

Antemortem, physiological death of the cells of the body followed by their replacement most cells in the body are completely replaced every 14 years?

A

Necrobiosis

86
Q

The horseshoe shaped bone forming the inferior jaw?

A

Mandible

87
Q

The pressure which is indicated by the injector gauge needle when the arterial tube is open and the arterial solution is flowing into the body?

A

Actual Pressure

88
Q

Chemicals which inactivate saprophytic bacteria, render unsuitable for nutrition the media upon decomposition which such bacteria thrive, and which will arrest by altering enzymes and lysins of the body as well as converting the decomposable tissue to a form less susceptible to decomposition?

A

Preservative / “Fixers”

89
Q

Fluid inside cells of the body (constituting about one-half of the body weight)?

A

Intracellular Fluid

90
Q

Condition that results when the body part that dies had little blood and remains aseptic and occurs when the arteries but not the veins are obstructed?

A

Dry Gangrene

91
Q

Distension of the tissues beneath the skin by gas or air; an antemortem condition brought about by a surgical procedure or trauma?

A

Subcutaneous Emphysema

92
Q

A protein found in blood plasma?

A

Albumin

93
Q

Organic compound found in plants and animals; can be broken down into amino acids?

A

Protein

94
Q

Abnormal accumulation of fluids in a saclike structure, especially the scrotal sac?

A

Hydrocele

95
Q

The rise in temperature after death due to continued cellular metabolism?

A

Postmortem Caloricity

96
Q

General deterioration of the body; a state of ill health, malnutrition, and wasting It may occur in many chronic diseases as certain malignancies and advanced pulmonary tuberculosis?

A

Cachexia / Wasting Syndrome

97
Q

The deep layer of skin under the epidermis?

A

Derma / Dermis/ Skin / Corium / True Skin

98
Q

The movement of the arterial solution from the point of injection through the blood vascular system?

A

Fluid Distribution

99
Q

Postmortem cooling of the body to the surrounding temperature?

A

Algor Mortis

Embalming (2 decks)

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