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A device that transforms chemical energy into electrical energy

A. secondary battery
B. cell
C. battery
D. primary battery

B. cell

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A device that is capable of converting chemical energy into electrical energy

A. generator
B. battery
C. converter
D. cell

D. cell

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A secondary cell whose active positive plate consists of nickel hydroxide, and active negative-plate material is powdered iron oxide mixed with cadmium. Its typical output when fully charged is VO = 1.2V

A. Leclanche cell
B. dry cell
C. Edison cell
D. lead-acid cell

C. Edison cell

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If a cell can be charged after it is depleted, it is considered as

A. a secondary cell
B. a storage cell
C. an accumulator
D. all of the above

D. all of the above

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What type of cell that cannot be recharged which cannot restore chemical reaction?

A. nickel-cadmium cell
B. secondary cell
C. primary cell
D. lead-acid wet cell

C. primary cell

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A cell whose chemical reaction is not reversible

A. primary cell
B. secondary cell
C. rechargeable cell
D. solar cell

A. primary cell

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A voltage source in a single container made from one or more cells combines in series, parallel, or series-parallel.

A. photoelectric
B. thermocouple
C. battery
D. piezo-electric

C. battery

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A battery means

A. cells connected in series
B. cells connected in parallel
C. cells connected in series-parallel
D. all of the above

D. all of the above

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A battery is used to

A. supply a steady dc voltage
B. supply an unstable dc voltage
C. supply an ac voltage
D. supply an ac/dc voltage

A. supply a steady dc voltage

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In a dry cell, what will happen to the internal resistance as it aged?

A. decreases
B. increases
C. remains constant
D. decreases or increases, depends on the chemical composition

B. increases

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The maximum current a cell can deliver through a 0.01 ohm load during testing

A. flash current
B. surge current
C. ideal current
D. full-load current

A. flash current

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In batteries, the material used to insulate the positive plates from negative plates are technically called

A. insulator
B. break-point
C. coupler
D. separator

D. separator

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How long will a battery need to operate a 240 Watts equipment, whose capacity is 100Ah and 24 volts rating?

A. 5 hrs
B. 10 hrs
C. 1 hr
D. 0.10 hr

B. 10 hrs

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A battery is rated 20 A-hr and is delivering a current of 2A. How long does it last?

A. 1 hr
B. 5 hrs
C. 8 hrs
D. 10 hrs

D. 10 hrs

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A primary cell with carbon and zinc as its positive and negative electrodes respectively, and an electrolyte of either a gel or paste. This is commonly known as dry cell.

A. Leclanche cell
B. Edison cell
C. storage cell
D. solar cell

A. Leclanche cell

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Find the output of a four (4) lead acid cells.

A. 3.2 V
B. 8.4 V
C. 5.8 V
D. 12 V

B. 8.4 V

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Silver-cadmium cell has a nominal open-circuit voltage of

A. 1.05 V
B. 1.5 V
C. 2.1 V
D. 2.2 V

A. 1.05 V

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Output of six carbon-zinc cells connected in series

A. 3 V
B. 6 V
C. 6.6 V
D. 9 V

D. 9 V

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The flat 9-V battery, has how many cells in series?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 6
D. 9

C. 6

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Output of automotive battery with six lead-acid cells in series

A. 6V
B. 12V
C. 24V
D. 48V

B. 12V

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Substance, which generates a voltage when exposed to light.

A. generating substance
B. photovoltaic material
C. thermoelectric generator
D. hydroelectric generator

B. photovoltaic material

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A cell whose voltage is generated as a function of light

A. photovoltaic cell
B. thermoelectric cell
C. photodiode
D. LED

A. photovoltaic cell

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Substance used in photovoltaic cells

A. Silicon
B. Selenium
C. Germanium
D. All of these

D. All of these

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A junction between two conductors that exhibits electrical characteristics under condition of changing temperature

A. pn junction
B. photojunction
C. thermoelectric junction
D. hydroelectric junction

C. thermoelectric junction

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Electricity that is generated due to heat, as in thermocouple. A. thermodynamics B. thermojunction C. electric heater D. thermoelectricity

D. thermoelectricity

The source of mechanical power to turn the rotors of alternators, large and small, A.C. and D.C. A. prime contactor B. primer C. prime mover D. prime user

C. prime mover

Electrical machines refer to machines that convert ________ A. mechanical to electrical energy B. electrical to mechanical energy C. electrical energy of one form to electrical energy of another form D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Electrical machines that convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. A. generators B. motors C. cycloconverters D. frequency converters

A. generators

Electrical machine that converts ac voltage to dc voltage, or vice versa. A. generator B. motor C. rotary converter D. frequency converter

C. rotary converter

Electrical machine that changes ac voltage at one frequency to another ac voltage at another frequency. A. generator B. motor C. rotary converter D. frequency converter

D. frequency converter

It consist of a single coil rotated in a magnetic field and produces an A.C. voltage. A. field winding B. armature C. commutator D. elementary generator

D. elementary generator

Generation of voltage in a generator can only happen when? A. there is a rotary conductor B. there is a magnetic field in a conductor C. there is a relative motion between conducting wires and magnetic lines of force D. there is a relative motion between a conductor and electric field

C. there is a relative motion between conducting wires and magnetic lines of force

Two essential parts in rotating generators A. electro/permanent magnets and armature winding B. electromagnets or permanent magnets and commutator C. commutator and armature winding D. brushes and commutator

A. electro/permanent magnets and armature winding

In electrical machines, what do you call the set of conductors wound on laminated cores of good magnetic permeability? A. armature core B. armature winding C. rotary winding D. rotary core

B. armature winding

In dc generator, what converts the alternating emf to DC? A. armature B. commutator C. diode D. alternator

B. commutator

Generally, in dc generators A. The armature winding is rotated with respect to a stationary magnetic field produced by electromagnets or permanent magnets. B. The electromagnets or permanent magnets (magnetic fields) are rotated with respect to the stationary armature winding. C. Current is sent into the armature winding; or the armature winding is usually placed in a stationary laminated iron core and the rotating element may or may not be a set of magnet poles, it depends on the type of motor. D. The armature winding is supplied with current; or the armature is placed inside a set of radially supported magnetic poles.

A. The armature winding is rotated with respect to a stationary magnetic field produced by electromagnets or permanent magnets.

In electrical machines, what type of voltage is generated at the armature winding? A. dc B. pulsating dc C. ac D. ac or dc depending on the type of machine

C. ac

Generally in ac generators A. The armature winding is rotated by a stationary magnetic field produced by electromagnets or permanent magnets. B. Current is sent into the armature winding; or the armature winding is usually placed in a stationary laminated iron core and the rotating element may or may not be a set of magnet poles, it depends on the type of motor. C. The electromagnets or permanent magnets (magnetic fields) are rotated with respect to the stationary armature winding. D. The armature winding is supplied with current; or the armature is placed inside a set of radially supported magnetic poles.

C. The electromagnets or permanent magnets (magnetic fields) are rotated with respect to the stationary armature winding.

A dc generator whose excitation is produced by a winding connected to its own positive and negative terminals. A. series generator B. separately excited shunt generator C. self-excited shunt generator D. compound generato

C. self-excited shunt generator

What is true about field poles in electric machines? A. there are always even number of them (exist by pair) B. there are always an odd number of them C. there are an even or an odd number of them D. none of the above

A. there are always even number of them (exist by pair)

In a compound generator, which field winding usually, has a lower resistance? A. series field winding B. shunt field winding C. armature winding D. excitation winding

A. series field winding

Which winding in a dc-compound generator that is relatively made of fine wires? A. armature winding B. excitation winding C. shunt field winding D. series field winding

B. excitation winding

What important characteristic you should consider in choosing a dc-generator? A. voltage capacity B. current capacity C. voltage vs. load D. power rating

C. voltage vs. load

What is the purpose of laminating the field poles and armature of a dc machine? A. to reduce eddy current B. to avoid contaminants C. to provide isolation D. to beautify the machine

A. to reduce eddy current

An alternator with a lagging power factor of 0.8 will have a ________ voltage regulation at unity power factor. A. 0% B. less than C. greater than D. 100%

C. greater than

With alternators connected in parallel, the frequency of the system can be changed by A. increasing the field excitation B. decreasing the field excitation C. changing the rpm of the prime movers D. synchronizing the prime movers

C. changing the rpm of the prime movers

With alternators connected in parallel, the voltage of the system can be changed by A. changing the field excitation B. increasing the speed of the prime movers C. changing the rpm of the prime movers D. synchronizing the prime movers

A. changing the field excitation

If an ac generator is to be driven from prime mover having variable speed, such as aircraft engine, a ________ must be used. A. constant speed drive (CSD) B. regulator C. conditioner D. peak limited

A. constant speed drive (CSD)

Find the frequency in kilocycles per second in the armature of a 10 pole, 1,200 rpm generator. A. 100 B. 1000 C. 10 D. 0.1

D. 0.1

What should be the speed of a 6-pole ac generator in order to have a frequency of 50Hz? A. 100 rpm B. 500 rpm C. 1000 rpm D. 1500 rpm

C. 1000 rpm

What is the voltage regulation when the full load voltage is the same as no-load voltage assuming a perfect voltage source? A. 100% B. 1% C. 10% D. 0%

D. 0%

Calculate the voltage regulation of a generator having a no-load voltage of 220 V and a full load voltage of 180 V. A. 18% B. 22% C. 28% D. 32%

B. 22%

Usually used to drive low-speed alternators A. diesel engines B. jet propulsion engines C. steam turbines D. hydraulic turbines

D. hydraulic turbines

Is usually used to drive high-speed alternators A. diesel engines B. pneumatic engines C. steam turbines D. hydraulic turbines

C. steam turbines

Which statement is true regarding alternators? A. high-speed alternators are smaller than low-speed B. low-speed alternators are smaller than high-speed C. high-power alternators are smaller than low-power D. high-voltage alternators are smaller than low-voltage

A. high-speed alternators are smaller than low-speed

For what reason, why carbon brushes are widely used dc machines? A. it is abundant B. it is cheap C. it has a high voltage drop D. it lubricates and polishes the contacts

D. it lubricates and polishes the contacts

Alternators have less chance to hunt if driven by A. steam turbines B. hydroturbines C. diesel turbines D. nuclear reactor

A. steam turbines

In alternators, what is the purpose of damper windings? A. it prevents over speeding B. it maintain constant speed C. it prevents hunting D. it protects overloading

C. it prevents hunting

What term applies to the use of two or more generators to supply a common load? A. on-line operation B. series operation C. cascaded operation D. parallel operation

D. parallel operation

In paralleling ac generators, ________ is very important. A. voltage level B. current level C. phase angle D. internal resistance

C. phase angle

Description used for generators trying to self-adjust its parameters before paralleling with on line generators. A. synchronizing B. sequencing C. jogging D. alighning

C. jogging

In changing power from one generator to another, what do you call the operational sequence wherein the incoming generator is connected first before removing the existing generator? A. No Break Power Transfer (NBPT) B. UPS C. LIFO D. Standby Power transfer

A. No Break Power Transfer (NBPT)

What do you mean by break power transfer? A. The incoming generator will be connected first to the bus bar before disconnecting the existing generator. B. The present on-line generator will be disconnected first before connecting the incoming generator. C. The incoming generator will only be connected to the bus bar when the bus bar breaks. D. The present on-line generator will be disconnected first and then reconnected together with the incoming generator.

B. The present on-line generator will be disconnected first before connecting the incoming generator.

How alternators rated? A. in Watts B. in kW C. in kVar D. in kVA

C. in kVar

In electrical power distribution, what do you call the first distribution line from the main generating station? A. main transmission lines B. primary distribution lines C. sub transmission lines D. secondary distribution lines

A. main transmission lines

The lines which carry the energy from the transformer to a customer’s services are called ________. A. main transmission lines B. primary distribution lines C. sub transmission lines D. secondary distribution lines

D. secondary distribution lines

In electrical power Generating/distribution Company, which do you think is their highest expenses? A. generation of power B. distribution of power to the consumers C. power transmission D. substations

B. distribution of power to the consumers

In electrical power distributions, what insulator is generally used? A. rubber B. wood C. plastic D. porcelain

D. porcelain

D. all of the above

Electrical machines that convert electrical energy to mechanical energy. A. generators B. motors C. rotary converters D. frequency converters

B. motors

Synchronous type of ac-motor, A. uses a dc-generator to supply dc-excitation to the rotating field B. uses pulsating dc C. uses alternator D. has an ac or dc depending on the type of machine

A. uses a dc-generator to supply dc-excitation to the rotating field

Generally in dc motors A. the armature winding is rotated by a stationary magnetic field produced by electromagnets or permanent magnets. B. current is sent into the armature winding; or the armature winding is usually placed in a stationary laminated iron core and the rotating element may or may not be a set of magnet poles, it depends on the type of motor. C. the electromagnets or permanent magnets (magnetic fields) are rotated with respect to the stationary armature winding. D. the armature winding is supplied with current; or the armature is placed inside a set of radially supported magnetic poles.

D. the armature winding is supplied with current; or the armature is placed inside a set of radially supported magnetic poles.

In ac motors, generally A. current is sent into the armature winding; or the armature winding is usually placed in a stationary laminated iron core and the rotating element may or may not be a set of magnet poles, it depends on the type of motor. B. the armature winding is supplied with current; or the armature is placed inside a set of radially supported magnetic poles. C. the armature winding is rotated by a stationary magnetic field produced by electromagnets or permanent magnets. D. the electromagnets or permanent magnets (magnetic fields) are rotated with respect to the stationary armature winding.

A. current is sent into the armature winding; or the armature winding is usually placed in a stationary laminated iron core and the rotating element may or may not be a set of magnet poles, it depends on the type of motor.

Among the dc motors, which produces the highest torque? A. series B. shunt C. compound D. differentially compounded

A. series

Dc motor that has the most stable speed. A. differentially compounded B. compound C. shunt D. series

C. shunt

In dc motors, when does severe arcing happens? A. during starting B. during rated speed C. during speed fluctuation D. during shutdown

A. during starting

What is the primary reason why carbon brushes are preferred over copper brushes in dc motors? A. they have low loss B. they are more strong C. they produce less arcing D. all of the above

C. they produce less arcing

In dc motors, the emf developed which opposes to the supplied voltage. A. residual emf B. induced emf C. coercive emf D. counter emf or back emf

D. counter emf or back emf

To minimize arcing during starting of dc motors, a resistance should be added to limit the current in the ________ A. series field winding B. shunt field winding C. armature winding D. all of these

C. armature winding

Which dc motors whose speed is greatly affected by a change in load? It will even run-away if the load is removed. A. series B. shunt C. cumulatively compounded D. differentially compounded

A. series

Motors whose speed can be easily controlled. A. dc motors B. ac motors C. ac & dc motors D. ac or dc motors

A. dc motors

When a dc motor has no load, what will happen to the back emf? A. reduces B. increases C. becomes maximum D. becomes zero

C. becomes maximum

When can we get a maximum mechanical power from a dc motor? A. Eb = 0 B. Eb = ½V C. Eb = 1V D. Eb = 2V

B. Eb = ½V

The torque of a dc motor is A. directly proportional to the field strength B. inversely proportional to the field strength C. directly proportional to the armature current D. A and C are correct

D. A and C are correct

One causes why the shaft torque is less than the developed armature torque of a dc motor. A. eddy current B. field loss C. brushes loss D. friction loss

D. friction loss

For heavy-duty dc motor, how does the effect of armature reaction be corrected? A. using interpoles & brush shifting B. using interpoles C. using compensatory winding D. B & C are correct

D. B & C are correct

Considered as a variable speed motor A. compounded B. differentially compounded C. shunt D. series

D. series

What is the most common method used in varying the speed of a dc motor? A. by varying the supply voltage B. by changing the effective number of conductors in series C. by varying the armature resistance D. by varying the field strength

D. by varying the field strength

The running speed of a dc series motor is greatly affected by what factor? A. field excitation B. load C. armature resistance D. supply voltage

B. load

In choosing a motor for a particular application, what characteristic you should consider? A. speed-torque B. speed-armature current C. speed efficiency D. speed power

A. speed-torque

91. What will happen to the dc shunt motor if the load torque greatly increases? A. the speed will decrease B. there will be a great increase in current C. the speed almost remains constant D. B and C are correct

D. B and C are correct

What will happen to a dc series motor when its load is removed? A. the motor will stop B. the motor speed remains the same C. the torque remains the same D. the motor will overspeed

D. the motor will overspeed

A motor whose speed increases as the load is increased. A. series dc B. dc shunt C. cumulatively compounded D. differentially compounded

D. differentially compounded

Factor(s) that affect iron losses in a dc motor. A. flux B. speed C. armature resistance and flux D. A and B are correct

D. A and B are correct

One advantage of a cumulatively compounded motor is that it does not run widely at light loads, this feature is due to A. shunt winding B. brake winding C. series winding D. clutch winding

A. shunt winding

In applications where an almost constant speed is required, a _______ motor is a good choice. A. dc shunt B. dc series C. cumulatively compounded D. differentially compounded

A. dc shunt

In applications where a high torque is needed during starting a _______ motor is preferred. A. dc shunt B. dc series C. differentially compounded D. cumulatively compounded

B. dc series

In applications where sudden heavy loads happen for short duration, a _______ motor is the best choice. A. dc shunt B. dc series C. cumulatively compounded D. differentially compounded

C. cumulatively compounded

In motors of the same rating, which has the least starting torque? A. dc shunt B. dc series C. differentially compounded D. cumulatively compounded

A. dc shunt

Factor(s) that affect friction and winding loses in dc motors. A. speed B. armature current C. interpoles D. armature resistance

A. speed

In dc motors, power loss is contributed greatly by A. flux loss B. core loss C. copper loss D. mechanical friction

C. copper loss

Dirt on the commutator may produce A. isolation B. excessive sparking C. power loss D. lower torque

B. excessive sparking

Motor vibrations are usually caused by A. loose coupling B. dirt on the commutator C. much brush tension D. worn bearings

D. worn bearings

When a motor is overloaded, it will usually A. slow down B. speed up C. vibrate D. overheat

D. overheat

Which motor that produces the highest increase in torque considering the same increase in current? A. dc shunt B. dc series C. differentially compounded D. cumulatively compounded

B. dc series

When an armature opens in dc motor, it may cause A. intermittent sparking B. an increase in speed C. the motor to slow down D. the motor to stop rotating

A. intermittent sparking

Why do motors take large current during starting? A. the armature resistance is still low B. the field produced is still weak C. it has to break the momentum D. there’s still a low back emf

D. there’s still a low back emf

In dc motors, the speed will A. increase with an increase in field strength B. decrease with an increase in field strength C. decrease as the supply voltage is increased D. B and C are correct

B. decrease with an increase in field strength

When armature current is increased in a dc motor, its armature reaction will A. also increase B. decrease C. increase exponentially D. decrease exponentially

A. also increase

Why does in dc motor, brushes are positioned such that they will be with the direction of the rotation? A. to reduce sparking B. to last long C. to have less loss D. all of the above

A. to reduce sparking

Motors are used to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy. What type of motor that is best suited for heavy-load application? A. dc series motors B. dc compound motors C. single phase motors D. polyphase motors

D. polyphase motors

DC shunt motor speed can be controlled electronically by using a _______ in series with the armature winding. A. thyrector B. potentiometer C. rheostat D. thyristor

D. thyristor

Which thyristor is commonly used is motor speed control? A. triac B. diac C. SCR D. SUS

C. SCR

In controlling motor speed, the SCRs controls the A. number of pulses B. phase angle C. firing angle D. any of these

C. firing angle

How do you reverse the rotation of a dc shunt motor? A. By reversing the direction of the field current, leaving the armature current the same. B. By reversing the direction of the armature current, leaving the field current the same. C. By reversing both field and armature current D. Either A or B

D. Either A or B

In motor speed control, what is responsible for SCR firing? A. trigger circuit B. threshold circuit C. reference circuit D. holding circuit

A. trigger circuit

A circuit that converts ac-voltage to dc-voltage A. rectifier B. inverter C. dc-converter D. ac-converter

A. rectifier

Conversion from dc-voltage to another dc-voltage requires a A. inverter B. cycloconverter C. dc-converter D. ac-converter

C. dc-converter

A converter that changes ac-voltage to another ac-voltage level. A. inverter B. cycloconverter C. dc-converter D. ac-converter

D. ac-converter

What converter must be used if one wished to change dc-voltage into ac-voltage? A. inverter B. cycloconverter C. dc-converter D. ac-converter

A. inverter

A converter that changes ac-voltage frequency from one to another. A. inverter B. cycloconverter C. dc-converter D. ac-converter

B. cycloconverter

In electronic converters, what signal is mostly used to trigger the active device? A. sine-wave B. square-wave C. triangular-wave D. sawtooth-wave

B. square-wave

A transformer consist of the following: A. An inductance and resistance B. A parallel resonant circuit C. A capacitor and an inductor D. Two coils wound on a common core

D. Two coils wound on a common core

Transformer is considered by many as an efficient device due to the fact that A. it uses an inductive coupling B. it is magnetically coupled C. it is a static device D. it is electrically coupled

C. it is a static device

With transformer, what is measured when performing open-circuit test? A. turns ratio B. copper loss C. leakage reactance D. turns impedance

B. copper loss

Open-circuit test with transformers is always done on what winding? A. low-voltage B. high-voltage C. primary D. secondary

A. low-voltage

Short-circuit test with transformers is always done on what winding? A. low-voltage B. high-voltage C. primary D. secondary

A. low-voltage

When the transformer secondary winding is short-circuited, its primary inductance will A. become zero B. decrease C. increase D. not be affected

C. increase

Cooling system for transformers with ratings less than 5kVA A. forced-air cooling B. oil-cooling C. natural air cooling D. water coolin

C. natural air cooling

For transformers, zero efficiency happens when it has A. no-load B. 1/2 of full-load C. 2/3 of full-load D. full-load

A. no-load

For transformers, maximum efficiency happens when A. copper loss is zero B. copper loss is equal to constant loss C. the primary and secondary windings are equal D. the leakage reactances of both windings are equal

B. copper loss is equal to constant loss

In constructing transformers, the primary and secondary windings should have A. good electrical coupling B. loose magnetic coupling C. tight magnetic coupling D. best inductive coupling

C. tight magnetic coupling

What are the two parameters in transformers that are the same in both primary and secondary? A. power and voltage B. power and current C. power and impedance D. voltage per turn and ampere-turns

D. voltage per turn and ampere-turns

In transformers, the amount of copper used in the primary is A. less than that of the secondary B. greater than that of secondary C. exactly twice that of secondary D. almost equal as that of secondary

D. almost equal as that of secondary

At very low frequencies, transformers woks poorly because A. its magnetizing current will be very high B. its core permeability will be greatly increased C. its core permeability will be greatly reduced D. its impedance will increase

A. its magnetizing current will be very high

What will happen if a power transformer is to be operated at a very high frequency? A. it will have a very high core loss B. its impedance will decrease C. its core permeability will be greatly increased D. its core permeability will be greatly reduced

A. it will have a very high core loss

How are the primary and secondary coupled in autotransformers? A. electrically B. magnetically C. electrically and magnetically D. capacitively

C. electrically and magnetically

in a single-phase transformer, the core flux is A. constant B. pulsating C. alternating D. alternating and sometimes stable

C. alternating

What do you think will happen to a transformer when its primary is connected to a DC supply? A. It will become more efficient B. It will become less efficient C. It will have good regulation D. It might burn out

D. It might burn out

Generally, in what application you consider the use of core-type transformers? A. low voltage and low current B. low voltage and high current C. high voltage and low current D. high voltage and high current

C. high voltage and low current

In ________ transformers, when its primary is energized the secondary should never be open-circuited. A. power B. voltage C. current D. matching

C. current

Considered as an ideal transformer A. the one with no losses and leakage reactance B. the one with 100% regulation C. the one with zero efficiency D. the one with equal primary and secondary

A. the one with no losses and leakage reactance

What is the effect of air gaps at the transformer core? A. Its reluctance is decreased B. It increases eddy current C. It decreases hysteresis loss D. It increases magnetizing current

D. It increases magnetizing current

________ currents are wasteful currents which flows in cores of transformers and produces heat. A. Residual B. Eddy C. Sneak D. Magnetizing

B. Eddy

What will happen to the eddy current loss in transformers when the load is increased? A. will also increase B. will decrease C. will become infinite D. nothing will happen

D. nothing will happen

Leakage flux in transformers will cause A. copper loss to increase B. copper loss to decrease C. eddy current to decrease D. voltage drop in the windings

D. voltage drop in the windings

The increase in temperature in a transformer is mainly due to A. true power B. reactive power C. apparent power D. virtual power

C. apparent power

In transformers, the voltage per turn at the primary is ________ the secondary. A. less than that of B. greater than that of C. a factor of D. the same as

D. the same as

In transformer windings, the more number of turns A. the higher is the voltage B. the lower is the voltage C. the lower is the impedance D. the higher is the current

A. the higher is the voltage

What is true about core-type transformers? A. It has a shorter magnetic path B. It has a longer magnetic path C. It has a very long magnetic path D. It has an infinite magnetic path

A. It has a shorter magnetic path

Practically how many percent is copper loss to the total loss in transformers? A. 15% B. 50% C. 85% D. 100%

C. 85%

What is the purpose of laminating the core of a transformer? A. to decrease eddy current loss B. to increase eddy current loss C. to decrease copper loss D. to decrease hysteresis loss

A. to decrease eddy current loss

Large transformers have approximately an efficiency of A. 25% B. 45% C. 75% D. 95%

D. 95%

The loss in a transformer due to the changing field is called A. leakage B. hysteresis loss C. eddy loss D. keeper

B. hysteresis loss

The ratio of the amount of magnetic flux linking a secondary coil compared to the flux generated by the primary coil: A. coupling factor B. mutual coupling C. coefficient of coupling D. hysteresis factor

C. coefficient of coupling

Mutual inductance between two coils can be decreased by A. moving the coils apart B. inserting an iron core C. moving the coils close D. reducing the reluctance

A. moving the coils apart

An advantage of full-wave rectifier over half-wave rectifier. A. Each diode can cool-off during half of each input cycle B. The ripple frequency is lower C. The tube will conduct during both halves of the input cycle D. Output voltage is lower with more ripple

C. The tube will conduct during both halves of the input cycle

One of the following items below is not one of the main components of an alternating current power supply. A. Power transformer B. Voltage regulator C. Rectifier D. Filter

C. Rectifier

Most electronic devices/circuits require dc-voltage to operate. A battery is a good power source, however, its operating time is limited. The use of battery also proves to be expensive. A more practical alternative is to use the household main supply, and since this is an ac-voltage, it must be converted to a dc-voltage. The circuit that converts this ac-voltage to a dc-voltage is called A. rectifier B. clamper C. filter D. regulator

A. rectifier

A rectifier that uses either the positive or negative portion only of the main ac-supply A. half-wave B. full-wave C. full-wave bridge D. all of the above

A. half-wave

For a half-wave rectifier, the average output voltage is _______ of the maximum ac-voltage. A. 31.8% B. 45% C. 63.6% D. 90%

A. 31.8%

Percent ripple of a half-wave rectifier. A. 24% B. 48% C. 63.6% D. 121%

C. 63.6%

Calculate the dc-voltage at the output of a half-wave rectifier with a 12Vrms input. A. 2.7 V B. 3.8 V C. 4.5 V D. 5.4 V

D. 5.4 V

To double the capability of the half-wave rectifier, a _______ must be used. A. full-wave rectifier B. full-wave bridge C. dual-supply D. A or B is correct

D. A or B is correct

Fullwave rectifier defers from fullwave bridge in what aspect? A. fullwave uses two diodes, while four for fullwave bridge B. diode’s PIV in fullwave is twice that of fullwave bridge C. fullwave generates less heat than fullwave bridge D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Common to both full-wave and full-wave bridge rectifiers A. dc-voltage B. ripple factor C. ripple frequency and percent ripple D. all are correct

D. all are correct

Find direct current voltage from a full-wave rectifier with 120 V peak rectified voltage. A. 60 V B. 7.639 V C. 76.39 V D. 6.0

C. 76.39 V

The dc-voltage of a full-wave bridge rectifier. A. 0.318 Vmax B. 0.45 Vmax C. 0.636 Vmax D. 0.90 Vmax

C. 0.636 Vmax

Relate the magnitude of the dc-output voltage to the ac input rms voltage of a full-wave rectifier. A. VDC = 0.318 Vrms B. VDC = 0.45 Vrms C. VDC = 0.636 Vrms D. VDC = 0.90 Vrms

D. VDC = 0.90 Vrms

Determine the dc-voltage of a full-wave bridge rectifier when the input ac-voltage is 24 Vrms. A. 7.63 V B. 10.8 V C. 15.3 V D. 21.6 V

D. 21.6 V

Ripple factor of a full-wave rectifier. A. 0.318 B. 0.48 C. 0.9 D. 1.21

B. 0.48

To improve the dc output voltage of a power supply, a _______ A. shunt resistor may be installed B. limiting resistor may be installed C. feedback element may be installed D. filter capacitor may be installed

D. filter capacitor may be installed

Factor(s) that can reduce the ripple voltage of a power supply. A. filter capacitance B. reduction of load current C. increase in input frequency D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Making the filter capacitor large in a power supply results to A. an increase of the ripple voltage B. an increase of the dc-voltage C. a decrease of the ripple frequency D. A and B above

B. an increase of the dc-voltage

Find the ripple factor (kr) of a sinusoidal signal with peak ripple of 4 volts on an average of 30. A. 0.094 B. 0.013 C. 0.130 D. 0.94

A. 0.094

Calculate the peak-to-peak ripple voltage of a 20 V full-wave power supply with a filter capacitor C = 220 µF when delivering a load current of 50 mA. A. 2.0 Vpp B. 3.79 Vpp C. 5.67 Vpp D. 7.9 Vpp

A. 2.0 Vpp

In capacitor-filtered power supply, what will happen to the ripple voltage if the load is disconnected? A. increases B. becomes infinite C. becomes unpredictable D. drops to zero

D. drops to zero

For a power supply with a peak-to-peak ripple voltage of 5 Vpp, determine its rms ripple. A. 1.44 Vrms B. 1.77 Vrms C. 2.88 Vrms D. 3.54 Vrms

B. 1.77 Vrms

A 20-Vdc power supply was found to have a ripple voltage of 2 Vrms when supplying 1.5 amps load. Calculate its percent ripple. A. 7.5 % B. 10.0 % C. 12.5 % D. 15.0 %

B. 10.0 %

Which power supply filter gives the smallest ripple voltage? A. capacitor filter B. RC-filter C. LC-filter D. multi-section LC-filter

D. multi-section LC-filter

Ripple voltage in power supplies causes unwanted effects on the load it is supplying, i.e. a hum in audio amplifiers. To minimize this effect several filtering techniques are used, however, ripple still exists. What is a better alternative to reduce further the ripples? A. truncation B. clipping C. clamping D. regulation

D. regulation

A voltage regulator connected in parallel with the load. A. series regulator B. parallel regulator C. shunt regulator D. switching regulator

C. shunt regulator

Which regulator is the most efficient? A. series B. shunt C. switching D. modulating

B. shunt

Voltage reference element in most voltage regulators A. diac B. thyrector C. zener diode D. transistor

C. zener diode

In voltage regulators, what do you call the element/device that controls the amount of current/voltage/power? A. sampling circuit B. comparator C. limiter D. control element

D. control element

The element/device used as a comparator in most voltage regulators. A. zener diode B. BJT C. IGBT D. op-amp

D. op-amp

Sampling circuit used in most voltage regulators. A. voltage divider network B. bleeder network C. crowbar D. bootstrap circuit

A. voltage divider network

Most voltage regulators used _______ as their control element. A. BJT B. SBS C. UJT D. JFET

A. BJT

The most efficient voltage regulator and is therefore used in high-current high-voltage applications. A. series regulators B. shunt regulators C. hybrid regulators D. switching regulators

D. switching regulators

A 12 VDC power supply is regulated using 7805 IC and is used in TTL circuits that require a 0.2 amps current. Determine the dropout voltage of the system. A. 4 V B. 5 V C. 6 V D. 7 V

D. 7 V

A load draws 1 A current from a 10-V regulated power supply. Calculate the power dissipated by the regulator if it has an input voltage of 16 V. A. 6 Watts B. 10 Watts C. 12 Watts D. 16 Watts

A. 6 Watts

Three-terminal fixed positive voltage regulators commonly used in industry. A. 78XX series B. 79XX series C. 723 IC regulator D. 317 regulator

A. 78XX series

What is the regulated output voltage of a 7924 regulator? A. + 4 V B. - 4 V C. + 24 V D. - 24 V

D. - 24 V

A three-terminal variable positive voltage regulator A. 317 B. 337 C. 723 D. 741

A. 317

What three-terminal IC regulator that has a variable negative voltage output? A. 317 B. 337 C. 723 D. 741

B. 337

In a three-terminal adjustable positive voltage regulator (317), what is the band-gap voltage between the output terminal and adjustment terminal? A. 1.25 V B. 2.5 V C. 3.25 V D. 4.125 V

A. 1.25 V

Typical ripple rejection of most three-terminal voltage regulators A. 0.1 % B. 0.8 % C. 1.2 % D. 2.0 %

A. 0.1 %

The three-terminal voltage regulators, such as the 78XX series has a typical current rating of 1.5 amperes. If a high current is required, say 30 amperes, how will you make modifications from this regulator in order to provide the required current? A. by cascading them B. by the use of a crowbar circuit C. by connecting them in parallel D. by the use of external pass transistor

D. by the use of external pass transistor

What is the simplest way of protecting power supplies from reverse-polarity/reverse-current flow? A. by a forward-biased diode B. by a reverse-biased diode C. by a crowbar circuit D. by a snubber circuit

B. by a reverse-biased diode

A crowbar circuit is used A. to monitor the output current of a power supply and automatically shuts down the system when an overload occur. B. to monitor the temperature of a power supply and switches the cooling fan when a threshold temperature is reached. C. as voltage reference in regulated power supplies. D. as an over-voltage protection in power supplies.

D. as an over-voltage protection in power supplies.

Technique(s) in using low-power, low-voltage transistors in high voltage regulators. A. ground return regulation B. by lifting the regulator above ground C. connecting them in series D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Which of the regulators dissipates less power and therefore generates less heat? A. series B. shunt C. switching D. UPS

C. switching

In switching regulators, what are the semiconductor devices that can be used as controllable power switches? A. BJTs and MDs B. MOSFETs and IGBT C. GTOs and thyristors D. all of the above

D. all of the above

In voltage regulators, the control element plays a major part in providing proper and efficient regulation. What are the desirable characteristics of the control element to be used if excellent regulator is desired? A. very small off-state leakage current and high on-state current ratings B. large forward and reverse blocking voltage and very small on-sate voltage C. short turn-on and turn-off times so that it can be used in high-speed switching regulators D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Active devices used in switching regulators may experience large over-currents during conduction (turn-on-state) and large over-voltages during turn-off. These excessive currents and voltages may cause distraction or damage of the active devices. How do we protect them? A. by the use of a crowbar circuit B. by providing a buck-boost circuit C. by shunting a thyrector D. by installing a snubber circuit

D. by installing a snubber circuit

One of the major concerns in power electronics is to clean-up or shape-up the utility-supply voltage (the wall-outlet 220 V/60 Hz) from disturbances such as, overvolt, undervolt, voltage spikes, and harmonic distortions. What circuit is used for this? A. power conditioners B. UPS C. power inverters D. line scanning

A. power conditioners

A power supply that continuously provides protection against undervoltage, overvoltage and even power outages. A. standby power supply B. uninterruptible power supply C. power conditioners D. regulated power supply

B. uninterruptible power supply

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