TEST 6 - Mix 2020

Question 1

What does the cardiovascular system do? (4)

Answer 1

Transport food molecules broken down in digestion (1) to all the 37 trillion cells (1) where they’re broken down to release energy in their bonds (1)

Question 2

What kind of tissue is blood? (1)

Answer 2

Connective

Question 3

What % of the blood that leaks out of the capillaries returns via the venules? (1)

Answer 3

85%

Question 4

What % of the blood that leaks out of the capillaries returns via the lymph vessels? (1)

Answer 4

15%

Question 5

What % of blood is liquid (plasma) ? (1)

Answer 5

55%

Question 6

What % of blood plasma is water? (1)

Answer 6

92%

Question 7

What % of the formed elements in blood is white blood cells? (1)

Answer 7

1%

Question 8

What are the 3 components of formed elements in blood? (3)

Answer 8

Rbcs, wbcs, platelets

Question 9

Where are the pluripotent stem cells located ? (1)

Answer 9

In bones

Question 10

How long do red blood cells live? (1)

Answer 10

90-120days

Question 11

1Why can’t red blood cells repair themselves ? (1)

Answer 11

No nucleus or organelles

Question 12

Which digestive enzyme is made from haemoglobin? (1)

Answer 12

Bile

Question 13

What is anaemia? (1)

Answer 13

Reduced oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Question 14

What is haemophilia? (1)

Answer 14

Inherited deficiency of clotting causing spontaneous bleeding on minor trauma

Question 15

What is jaundice and what causes it? (2)

Answer 15

Yellowing of skin and eyes due to bilirubin in blood

Question 16

What are leucocytes?(1)

Answer 16

Wbc’s

Question 17

What are wbc’s involved in? (1)

Answer 17

Body defences

Question 18

What do platelets (thrombocytes) do? (2)

Answer 18

Help plug holes in bv walls and make blood clot (haemostasis)

Question 19

Why do clots often form in veins? (1)

Answer 19

Blood flows slowly there

Question 20

What is the pericardium? (1)

Answer 20

Fibrous ‘balloon’ the heart sits in

Question 21

What does it mean to say that the circulation of the blood is a double circulation ? (2)

Answer 21

For each circulation of the blood round the body the blood goes through the heart twice

Question 22

What is the name of the blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs? (1)

Answer 22

Pulmonary arteries

Question 23

What is the name of the blood vessels that carry blood from the lungs back to the heart? (1)

Answer 23

Pulmonary veins

Question 24

What are the 2 main blood vessels bringing deoxygenated blood back to the heart? (2)

Answer 24

SVC, IVC

Question 25

What is the main blood vessel sending oxygenated blood around the body? (1

Answer 25

Aorta

Question 26

How many valves are there in the heart, and what are the 2 main types of valve? (3)

Answer 26

4(? ) , semi lunar, cuspid

Question 27

What is oedema? (1)

Answer 27

Swelling

Question 28

What is the myocardium? (1)

Answer 28

Muscle layer of the heart wall

Question 29

What is an ectopic pacemaker? (1)

Answer 29

Parts other than the SA node becoming excitable

Question 30

Give 2 other names for an abnormal heart rhythm (2)

Answer 30

Arrhythmia, dysrhythmia

Question 31

The first thing the heart does is supply itself – how? (1)

Answer 31

Via coronary arteries

Question 32

What is the number 1 risk factor for Coronary Artery Disease? (1)

Answer 32

Smoking

Question 33

What is angina pectoris? (1)

Answer 33

temporary lack of oxygen to the heart

Question 34

what is an aneurysm? (1)

Answer 34

bulge in artery wall

Question 35

What is a heart attack? (1)

Answer 35

Heart muscle cell death due to lack of oxygen

Question 36

What may cause a heart murmur? (1)

Answer 36

Leaking heart valves – blood rushing back

Question 37

What do muscular arteries become? (1)

Answer 37

arterioles

Question 38

Which part of the nervous system connects with the blood vessels? (1)

Answer 38

Sympathetic NS

Question 39

What stops blood in veins flowing backwards? (1)

Answer 39

Valves

Question 40

What is a DVT? (1)

Answer 40

Blood clot in the deep veins of the legs