Test for ions

Question 1

Cl-

Answer 1

Silver nitrate and dilute nitric acid - White precipitate

Question 2

Br-

Answer 2

Silver nitrate and dilute nitric acid - Cream precipitate

Question 3

I-

Answer 3

Silver nitrate and dilute nitric acid - Yellow precipitate

Question 4

CO3 2-

Answer 4

Dilute HCL - Effervescence

Question 5

SO4 2-

Answer 5

BaCL2 and Dilute HCL - Thick white precipitate

Question 6

OH-

Answer 6

Dilute NH4CL and warmth/ heat source - Pungent smell

Question 7

Mg2+

Answer 7

NaOH - Thick white precipitate

Question 8

Ca2+

Answer 8

NaOH - Faint white precipitate

Question 9

Sr2+

Answer 9

Dilute H2SO4 - Faint white precipitate

Question 10

Ba2+

Answer 10

Dilute H2SO4 - Thick white precipitate

Question 11

NH4+

Answer 11

NaOH and warmth/ heat source - Pungent smell

Question 12

H+

Answer 12

Na2CO3 - Effervescence

Question 13

Carbonyl

Answer 13

By adding 2,4 - Dinitrophenylhydrazine, this will cause them to form a yellow/orange precipitate

To distinguish between aldehyde and ketones, you can make Tollens’ Reagent by mixing silver nitrate with a few drops of dilute sodium hydroxide, then adding sufficient amount of ammonia