Test Four Flashcards
(23 cards)
Pauli exclusion
No 2 electrons within an atom can have the same four quantum numbers if two electrons are in the same energy level they must repel
Hunds rule
In orbitals of equal energy (p d and f) place one electron in each orbital before making any pairs
Valence electron
Highest energy level with outside layer of electrons
S+p
Properties of metal
Good conductor
Shiny
Ductile (can be stretched into thin wires)
Malleable (can be pounded into thin sheets)
Reaction with water
Non metal properties
Dull Not good conductors Non ductile Not malleable Mostly gases
Metalloids
Properties of both metals and non metals
Shiny or dull
Semi conductors
Doesn’t conduct heat / electricity as well as metals
Ductile and malleable
Alkali metals
Soft, most reactive, never free in nature, shiny
1 valence shell electron
Alkaline earth metals
Less Reactive than alkali metals, never found in nature, DIETARY MINERAL ELEMENTS
2 valence shells
Transition elements
D orbital blocks
Properties similar to each other
2 valence shells
Inner transition elements
F orbital block
Metals mostly man made
Boron group
3 valence shells
Carbon family
4 valence shells
Element carbon is organic chemistry
Nitrogen family
5 valence shells
Oxygen family
5 valence electors
The halogens
7 valence electrons
MOST REACTIVE NON METALS
The noble glades
Non mentals
All gases
Very unrestricted
Fill electrons levels
Dmitri Mendeleev
Father of the periodic table
Arranged elements by the atomic mass (wrong)
Arranged elements in columns by the way they reacted
Henry Moseley
Arranged by atomic #
Period - horizontal row
Groups / families- vertical columns
Aufbau principle
Electrons fill from the lowest energy to the highest
Principle quantum numbers
Energy level
Spdf
0123
Angular momentum quantum numbers
Shape/ sublevel
L = 0 (n-1)
Magnetic quantum numbers
Number of orbitals
ML= -L-+L
Spin quantum number
Only two electrons per orbital
-1/2 or +1/2
