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Phys Diag. II > Test III Phys Diag II > Flashcards

Test III Phys Diag II Flashcards

1
Q

what are the nine regions of the abdomen?

A
  1. Epigastric,
  2. Umbilical,
  3. Hypogastric (pubic),
  4. and 5. right and left hypochondriac,
  5. and 7. right and left lumbar,
  6. and 9. right and left inguinal
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2
Q

what are the dividing lines for the nine quadrants

A

lowest edge of costal margin and the iliac crests and two at the midclavicular lines

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3
Q

Purple stretch marks may be an indication of what pathology

A

cushings disease

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4
Q

from the xiphoid to the pubic bone, when prone, what is typical of the shape of the abdomen?

A

scaphoid shape. or like a canoe or boat.

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5
Q

name 7 types of abdominal hernias

A 
epigastric 
paraumbilical
umbilical 
lumbar
spigelian
femoral
inguinal
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6
Q

what is a spigilian hernia

A

one that is lateral to the rectus abdominus muscles.

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7
Q

what is the most common type of hernia

A

umbilical

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8
Q

separation of the rectus abdominus seen in pregant women mostly.

A

diastasis recti

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9
Q

when a patient has a prominent midline bulge when patient raises their head

A

Diastasis recti

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10
Q

there are three types of abdominal palpation. what are they and how deep do you press?

A

light palpation 1 cm
moderate palpation 2-3 cm
Deep palpation 4cm or deeper

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11
Q

is deep palpation optional in assessing the abdominal organs?

A

no, it is a must

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12
Q

how do you do deep palpation. what does your hand look like?

A

use the palm of the hand with fingers together

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13
Q

When can false positives of pain occur during deep palpation of the abdomen

A

ilioceal region, sigmoid, aorta on a thin patient, iliac crest
floating ribs, other bony prominences.

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14
Q

when you increase intra-abdominal pressure you can get what two major things

A

hiatal hernia

hemorrhoids

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15
Q

areas of false positives for masses?

A

feces in the colon, lateral borders of the rectus abdominus
uterus
aorta
common iliac arteries

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16
Q

liver palpation what side of the patient do you stand on

A

right

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17
Q

where do you place your hand on the patient to begin liver palpation

A

inferior costal margin, 11th and 12th ribs

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18
Q

Thats not my

A

name

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19
Q

when do you use liver punch, or liver percussion.

A

when tenderness cannot be palpated.

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20
Q

are most gallbladders palpable?

A

nope, if you can. its prolly not that healthy

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21
Q

why would gallbladder be palpable

A

cholecystitis

cholelythyisis

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22
Q

during deep palpation of the gallbladder region as the patient to take a deep breath.
as the inflamed gallbladder wall moves closter to the peritoneum and palpating hands, the patient will experience pain and halt inspiration ( positive sign)

A

Murphy’s sign

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23
Q

what is murphy’s sign testing for

A

cholecystitis

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24
Q

female, forty, fat, flatulent,

A

gallstones basically. or inflammation.

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25
Q

what is the main difference between spleen and liver palpation

A

place the palm of the right hand on the abdomen below the left costal margin, but at the midaxillary line!!!!

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26
Q

should you feel the spleen

A

NO way!

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27
Q

which kidney is usually unpalpable

A

left kidney

28
Q

kidney percussion is best accomplished first with the patient in what position

A

seated

29
Q

pathologic increase in fluid in the peritoneal cavity

A

ascities

30
Q

pain in the heart or stomach region upon palpation of McBurney’s point appendicities

A

Aaron

31
Q

Rebound tenderness appendicities

A

Blumberg

32
Q

Heel Strike ( anvil test ) appendicities

A

strike the bottom of the foot

33
Q

area between umbilicus and asis

A

McBurney’s point

34
Q

Right lower quadrant pain worsened by left lower quadrant palpation Appendicities

A

Rovsing

35
Q

Heel Jar Drop body weight quickly from toes to heels

A

Markle ( Heel Jar)

36
Q

ecchymosis around the umbilicus

A

Cullen

37
Q

Ecchymosis of the flanks

A

Grey Turner

38
Q

abdominal pain radiating to the left shoulder in ectopic pregnancy, splenic rupture

A

Kehr sign

39
Q

cholecystitis usually refers where

A

subscapular pain. shoulder pain.

40
Q

Absence of bowel sounds in right lower quadrant, intussusception, one portion of the bowel that telescopes into another.

A

Dance

41
Q

how long is the esophagus usually

A

10 inches long

42
Q

esophagus passes through what sphincter through the diaphragm

A

cardiac

43
Q

the esophagus passes—- to the trachea and —– to the spine

A

posterior to trachea and anterior to spine.

44
Q

those with diabetes often develop a condition called what.. that gives the GERD

A

Gastroparesis. occurs in at least 20% of diabetic patients

45
Q

More than what percent of asthmatics suffer GERD?

A

50%

46
Q

who takes calcium channel blockers?

A

people with heart disease

47
Q

Another name for a hiatal hernia

A

paraesophageal hernia.

48
Q

what are the ttwo types of hiatal hernias

A

paraesophageal and gastirc/sliding/axial

49
Q

hiatal hernias more common in what countries

A

western

50
Q

what percent of patients with hernias are over 70

A

70%

51
Q

diverticula are most commonly found where

A

descending colon

52
Q

how to tell a hiatal hernia from GERD?

A

they have everything the same as far as symptoms, but hiatal hernias have a shorter timeframe, GERD takes a long time!

53
Q

who has a high instance of stomach cancer

A

Koreans

54
Q

picking someone out that has stomach cancer is not really possible is it?

A

no, symptoms are so everyday. need a biopsy or imaging

55
Q

what percent of gastric cancers are diagnosed before problems

A

10-20 percent

56
Q

what is the radiographic sign of gastric adenocarcinoma

A

apple core sign

57
Q

infant constantly hungry, loose green stools, dehydration, failure to gain weight or weight loss, belching, belly pain.

A

pyloric stenosis symptoms, kids

58
Q

What order do you do the abdomen exam?

A

enspection
auscultation
percussion
palpation

59
Q

a fan-shaped fold of the peritoneum, covers most of the small intestine and anchors it to the posterior abdominal wall

A

the mesentery

60
Q

a serous membrane, lines the cavity and forms a protective cover for many of the abdominal structures

A

peritoneum

61
Q

how long is the alimentary tract

A

27 feet from mouth to anus

62
Q

esophagus length

A

10 inches long

63
Q

small intestine length

A

21 feet

64
Q

large intestine length

A

4.5 to 5 feet long

65
Q

where does the esophagus enter the stomach

A

cardiac orifice

66
Q

what are the three sections of the stomach

A

fundus

body pylorus

67
Q

ileocecal valve is between what two things

A

ileum and large intestine

Phys Diag. II (1 decks)

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